Wastewater is one of the biggest untapped resource that can provide clean water, energy and other products such as fertilizers, when properly managed and treated. The World Bank has engaged ECA to investigate what policy, institutional and regulatory (PIR) incentives are needed to support and encourage efficient investments in wastewater treatment capacity, plus waste-to-resource technologies, in a manner that promotes environmental sustainability at the basin level and financial sustainability of water utilities. Our work will look at existing literature concerning wastewater management, plus reuse and how this fits in to circular economy. We will also review what has been done in practice, what policy, institutional and regulatory mechanisms have successfully created the incentives for wastewater reuse, and how this can be applied in Latin American Countries as well as in other regions and countries.