Generated by All in One SEO v4.9.9, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site. # ECA UK - Economic Consulting Associates Economic Consulting Associates ## Sitemaps - [XML Sitemap](https://www.eca-uk.com/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website. ## Posts - [Energy access in displacement settings: a holistic energy access approach](https://www.eca-uk.com/2026/07/10/energy-access-in-displacement-settings-a-holistic-energy-access-approach/) - READ MORE - [Energy access in displacement settings: a holistic energy access approach](https://www.eca-uk.com/2026/07/10/energy-access-in-displacement-settings-a-holistic-energy-access-approach-2/) - What will it take to ensure the global energy transition leaves no one behind? Despite growing progress on electrification worldwide, around 37 million forcibly displaced people still live without access to electricity. In her latest insight, Iro Sala examines the barriers to delivering sustainable energy in displacement settings and explains why many of these challenges - [Network Bottlenecks and The Energy Transition](https://www.eca-uk.com/2026/02/27/network-bottlenecks-and-the-energy-transition-2/) - READ MORE - [Network Bottlenecks and The Energy Transition](https://www.eca-uk.com/2026/02/26/network-bottlenecks-and-the-energy-transition/) - With increased renewable energy installation, ‘Network bottlenecks’ have rapidly risen to be one of the key bottlenecks to further progress on net zero targets. This has led to lively discussion on the most efficient approach to alleviating such bottlenecks and what is the correct role of incentives for network owners and operators. Network revenues should - [Price Review 6: an unprecedented investment in the Irish electricity network](https://www.eca-uk.com/2026/02/10/price-review-6-an-unprecedented-investment-in-the-irish-electricity-network-2/) - The Commission for the Regulation of Utilities (CRU) in Ireland published its Final Determination for Price Review 6 (PR6) on 16 December 2025, marking a significant milestone for the electricity sector. In this Insight by Tara McNally, key elements of the determination are analysed, with particular focus on network infrastructure development. This regulatory period, running - [ECA summer strategy meeting](https://www.eca-uk.com/2025/07/27/eca-summer-strategy-meeting/) - ECA's annual get-together in Bristol this year was an enormous success! We had extremely productive discussions on a range of very significant issues including further enhancing our working environment within ECA and, as with every consultancy, the growing importance of AI for our business. As in all our annual events, we also enjoyed a wonderful - [Price Review 6: an unprecedented investment in the Irish electricity network](https://www.eca-uk.com/2026/02/10/price-review-6-an-unprecedented-investment-in-the-irish-electricity-network/) - READ MORE - [New arrivals at ECA](https://www.eca-uk.com/2025/10/01/new-arrivals-at-eca/) - We’re thrilled to welcome three fantastic new colleagues to ECA! Their backgrounds and expertise will be a strong addition to our work at ECA, and we’re glad to have them join us. Nick Harris joined us in April after completing his MSc in Economic History at the London School of Economics. With a background spanning - [Pricing Under Pressure: What Does Efficiency Mean in Today’s Energy Transition?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2025/09/23/pricing-under-pressure-what-does-efficiency-mean-in-todays-energy-transition/) - READ MORE - [Is there a data centre sized hole in flexibility forecasts?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2025/09/23/is-there-a-data-centre-sized-hole-in-flexibility-forecasts/) - READ MORE - [Just why are Britain’s industrial energy prices so high?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2025/07/07/just-why-are-britains-industrial-energy-prices-so-high/) - READ MORE - [Energy access as an integral component of an inclusive Just Transition](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/09/28/energy-access-as-an-integral-component-of-an-inclusive-just-transition/) - READ MORE - [How will e-mobility’s rise impact emerging market power systems?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/08/14/how-will-e-mobilitys-rise-impact-emerging-market-power-systems/) - READ MORE - [EV load forecasting – it’s all about the when and where](https://www.eca-uk.com/2025/01/07/ev-load-forecasting-its-all-about-the-when-and-where/) - READ MORE - [Preventing blackout means focusing on having the right reserves products, not on trading](https://www.eca-uk.com/2025/05/20/preventing-blackout-means-focusing-on-having-the-right-reserves-products-not-on-trading/) - READ MORE - [Driving Change How E-Mobility and Mini Grids can transform rural economies](https://www.eca-uk.com/2025/05/12/driving-change-how-e-mobility-and-mini-grids-can-transform-rural-economies/) - READ MORE - [Alternative network changes for energy storage](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/11/29/alternative-network-changes-for-energy-storage/) - ECA are delighted to have completed this work for Energy Storage Ireland analysing and modelling the hot topic of network charges for energy storage systems. Please download the full report here: - [Energy crisis and regulatory considerations for the future market models](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/09/29/energy-crisis-and-regulatory-considerations-for-the-future-market-models/) - The energy crisis that emerged in 2021 and intensified in 2022, following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, generated unprecedented price increases in many countries, requiring governments (and regulators) to intervene through a range of measures, primarily to support affordability, whilst also prompting debate as to whether electricity markets were delivering for consumers. ECA was pleased to - [We are pleased to welcome two talented professionals to ECA’s growing team](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/10/28/41232/) - Neel Kulkarni joined ECA in September 2024 post his Master's at UCL. He has venture capital experience from Two Magnolias, focusing on deal flow strategies and due diligence in sustainability and human health, and at Avaana Capital, where he analyzed India's green hydrogen strategy. Neel holds an MSci in Chemistry and an MSc in Energy - [Energy access as an integral component of an inclusive Just Transition](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/09/28/energy-access-as-an-integral-component-of-an-inclusive-just-transition-2/) - The concept of Just Transition aims to ensure that no one is left behind in the shift to low-carbon, sustainable economies. Initially focused on protecting workers affected by environmental regulations in the 1970s, it has since expanded to address the uneven impacts of the energy transition on communities and stakeholders. Central to Just Transition is - [Power planning and sustainable hydropower in the Mekong Basin](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/27/power-planning-and-sustainable-hydropower-in-the-mekong-basin/) - William Derbyshire, together with Palakorn Chanbanyong of the Mekong River Commission, presented to the 24th meeting of the Regional Power Trade Coordination Committee... READ MORE - [ECA and partners supporting North Macedonia in its EE Law](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/02/10/eca-and-partners-supporting-north-macedonia-in-its-ee-law/) - Feb, 2020 - We are delighted to see that the Assembly of the Republic of North Macedonia has adopted... READ MORE - [ECA Insight - Energy-based mini-grid tariffs increase costs for customers](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/06/29/eca-viewpoint-energy-based-mini-grid-tariffs-increase-costs-for-customers/) - Electricity mini-grids serve some of the poorest households in rural communities across the world, but the costs of supply can be high. The design of prices to the users can be important in helping to minimise those costs. This is the third in a series of Viewpoints covering tariff regulation for electricity mini-grids in developing - [Deep thinking running the rule over UK party manifestos for residential energy efficiency](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/30/deep-thinking-running-the-rule-over-uk-party-manifestos-for-residential-energy-efficiency/) - READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - a second LNG terminal in Greece - does it make sense?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/04/09/eca-viewpoint-a-second-lng-terminal-in-greece-does-it-make-sense/) - Apr, 2019 - The first (non-binding) market test for Gastrade’s proposed floating LNG terminal in Northern Greece drew capacity bids of 12.2 bcm per year, more than... READ MORE - [Energy Efficiency Obligation scheme for Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/05/02/energy-efficiency-obligation-scheme-for-kosovo/) - May, 2019 - As part of its obligations under the transposed Energy Efficiency Directive for Contracting Parties to the Energy Community... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Deep thinking: running the rule over UK party manifestos for residential energy efficiency](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/30/eca-viewpoint-deep-thinking-running-the-rule-over-uk-party-manifestos-for-residential-energy-efficiency/) - Nov, 2019 - Britain’s political parties have been in a race to declare increasingly ambitious carbon targets in the run-up to the election... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Avoiding energy network tariff spikes](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/01/29/eca-viewpoint-avoiding-energy-network-tariff-spikes/) - Jan, 2020 - For regulated entities, lumpy investments in electricity and gas infrastructure lead to a sudden expansion in the asset. This increase is not always matched with... READ MORE - [Energy-based mini-grid tariffs increase costs for customers](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/06/29/energy-based-mini-grid-tariffs-increase-costs-for-customers/) - Electricity mini-grids serve some of the poorest households in rural communities across the world, but the costs of supply can be high. - [Independent assessment of Indonesia’s energy infrastructure sector published](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/06/11/independent-assessment-of-indonesias-energy-infrastructure-sector-published/) - The Asian Development Bank has published the final report under the independent review of Indonesia’s energy infrastructure sector prepared together with Indonesia’s National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas). This report is based on analysis and recommendations by ECA, together with Castlerock Indonesia, and contains an assessment of major challenges facing Indonesia’s energy sector over the period - [Readying Malaysia for implementation of carbon pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/01/20/readying-malaysia-for-implementation-of-carbon-pricing/) - Carbon pricing instruments (CPIs) are truly going global. In support of obligations under the Paris Agreement countries around the world are exploring how to design, develop and implement their own CPIs in an acceptable yet effective manner. The Partnership for Market Implementation is a multi-donor trust fund supporting these efforts. ECA are delighted to have - [Regulatory support in Malaysia’s second gas facilities price review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/05/11/regulatory-support-in-malaysias-second-gas-facilities-price-review/) - We are pleased to announce ECA has been contracted by Malaysia’s Energy Commission, Suruhanjaya Tenaga, to assist and facilitate the second gas regulatory period (2023-2025) and assess the first gas regulatory period (2020-2022) which determine the allowed tariff for the utilisation of gas facilities across gas transmission, gas distribution and regasification plants. This comes after - [Aligning institutions and incentives for sustainable water supply and sanitation services](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/16/aligning-institutions-and-incentives-for-sustainable-water-supply-and-sanitation-services/) - The World Bank has published a report entitled ‘Aligning institutions and incentives for sustainable water supply and sanitation services’... READ MORE - [How will e-mobility’s rise impact emerging market power systems?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/08/14/how-will-e-mobilitys-rise-impact-emerging-market-power-systems-2/) - ECA is excited to launch a new Insight series dedicated to e-mobility. In the coming months, our experts will explore the profound effects of e-mobility on power systems across emerging and developing markets. The series will delve into key topics such as demand forecasting, generation planning, network development, tariff strategies, and the promising potential of - [Should forestry be included in regulatory carbon pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/07/23/should-forestry-be-included-in-regulatory-carbon-pricing-2/) - READ MORE - [Should forestry be included in regulatory carbon pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/07/01/should-forestry-be-included-in-regulatory-carbon-pricing/) - Forestry in carbon-pricing mechanisms presents challenges. While pricing forestry removal can promote afforestation and reforestation, integrating it with fossil fuel emissions is complex. Curious about these challenges and solutions? Read the latest ECA Insight by Managing Consultant Will Wright here. - [ECA in York](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/07/12/eca-in-york/) - ECA had an excellent trip to York last week for our annual strategy meeting. Alongside discussing new business strategies and targets in the splendid the Grand Hotel, we also visited the magnificent York Minster and the fascinating Railway Museum. Despite the weather challenges during the cruise on the Ouse, everyone had a thoroughly enjoyable experience. - [Review and implementation new rate designs for Jamaica (2024-2029)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/06/06/review-and-implementation-new-rate-designs-for-jamaica-2024-2029/) - ECA are delighted to be working with the Office of Utilities Regulation (OUR) in Kingston, Jamaica for the review and implementation of new rate designs for the next regulatory period (2024-2029). OUR, established in 1995 by the Office Utilities Regulation Act, regulates utility services in Jamaica, encompassing electricity, telecommunications, water, and sewerage.The aim of this - [Welcome to ECA](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/05/13/welcome-to-eca/) - We are excited to welcome Sahajleen Kaur to ECA in May 2024. Previously an Economic Analyst at Gemserv's Low Carbon Business Unit, she worked on decarbonisation initiatives in the UK's heat and buildings sector, including district energy solutions and domestic fire costs analysis. Sahajleen holds a Bachelor's in Economics from Delhi University and a Master's - [The impact of climate change on power systems](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/05/16/the-impact-of-climate-change-on-power-systems/) - READ MORE - [The impact of CBAM on GB-EU electricity trade: a carbon conundrum?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/04/29/the-impact-of-cbam-on-gb-eu-electricity-trade-a-carbon-conundrum/) - READ MORE - [Scaling up off-utility water provision](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/06/28/scaling-up-off-utility-water-provision/) - READ MORE - [State of the market report for healthcare facility electrification](https://www.eca-uk.com/2024/02/09/state-of-the-market-report-for-healthcare-facility-electrification/) - Excited about what lies ahead in healthcare electrification? Keen to find sustainable solutions for powering health facilities worldwide? Dive into the 'State of the Market for Health Facility Electrification' report by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL), prepared in collaboration with Economic Consulting Associates (ECA) with insights from Odyssey Energy Solutions. Explore the hurdles, prospects, and - [ECA looking back at 2023 and forward to 2024...](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/12/29/eca-looking-back-at-2023-and-forward-to-2024/) - At the end of a tumultuous 2022 for energy markets, 2023 was, in comparison, something of a calm after the storm. Energy prices declined from their 2022 peaks more quickly than many forecast relieving some of the political pressures (and dangers) of rushed market redesigns. However, ramifications continued to be felt throughout supply chains and - [Market Assessment of Net Metering-Based Solar PV, Sri Lanka](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/market-assessment-of-net-metering-based-solar-pv-sri-lanka/) - ECA was engaged by the IFC to carry out a comprehensive market assessment of the net metering-based rooftop solar PV market in Sri Lanka. - [Fiscal scheme to incentivise and accelerate the deployment of energy efficiency measures, Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/fiscal-scheme-to-incentivise-and-accelerate-the-deployment-of-energy-efficiency-measures-kosovo/) - ECA supported the Government of Kosovo in exploring and assessing a potential fiscal scheme to incentivise and accelerate the deployment of energy efficiency measures. The energy savings yielded are to contribute towards Kosovo's end-use savings target under the Energy Efficiency Directive Article 7 as transposed for Energy Community Contracting Parties - [Rooftop solar policy and net metering tariffs, Fiji](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/rooftop-solar-policy-and-net-metering-tariffs-fiji/) - Energy Fiji Limited contracted ECA to advise on preparing and implementing a new rooftop solar policy, including calculating cost-reflective customer charges, assessing utility revenue impacts, and defining both net metering and gross metering offerings. - [Clean energy plan, Mongolia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/clean-energy-plan-mongolia/) - ECA advised on developing a clean heat supply plan for peri-urban ger areas in Ulaanbaatar. The clean heat supply plan sets out how to transition to clean and sustainable alternative heating options, including green district heating, renewable electricity supply, and heat pumps. - [Market assessment for distributed generation, Southern Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/market-assessment-for-distributed-generation-southern-africa/) - ECA provided the IFC with a review of the existing legal and regulatory frameworks for small-scale distributed generation deployment and tariff regimes focused primarily on solar PV in the commercial and industrial sectors in Botswana, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. - [Options for growing rooftop solar, including new business models, Thailand](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/options-for-growing-rooftop-solar-including-new-business-models-thailand/) - ECA advised Thailand’s Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA), the Bangkok distribution utility, on options to incorporate growth in rooftop solar generation. This included an assessment of the potential for MEA to become a supplier itself, to use solar generation for arbitrage purposes and to charge for value-added services (eg, virtual storage using the grid). ECA also - [Electricity tariff design, Jamaica](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/electricity-tariff-design-jamaica/) - As part of a national tariff design study, ECA provided expert advice on applicable tariff approaches for net metering, electric vehicles, smart metering, and energy storage, an assessment of rate design options, and an implementation plan for the proposed tariff designs. - [Distributed energy project development, Antigua & Barbuda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/distributed-energy-project-development-antigua-barbuda/) - ECA developed a project concept to set up a financial mechanism for investment in PV and energy storage in households and commercial buildings in Antigua and Barbuda. The project also addressed issues of dealing with waste within the sector. - [Long and medium-term energy development plan, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/long-and-medium-term-energy-development-plan-indonesia/) - As part of the development of a sector-wide plan, ECA assessed options to accelerate the uptake of various forms of e-mobility across Indonesia, examining the potential implications on the networks, and identified suitable priority projects, such as a super-charger grid across Java and the electrification of bus fleets, for inclusion in the development plan. - [Decarbonisation of heating and cooling, Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/decarbonisation-of-heating-and-cooling-montenegro/) - ECA prepared an updated Comprehensive Assessment and Action Plan to decarbonise heating and cooling in Montenegro. Work included a spatial cost-benefit assessment of financially and economically attractive solutions, scenarios for the necessary roll-out of technical solutions to meet forecast demand by end-use sector, and provision of a set of recommended policy actions to achieve this - [Small-scale renewable energy framework development, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Uzbekistan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/small-scale-renewable-energy-framework-development-armenia-azerbaijan-and-uzbekistan/) - ECA worked with the EBRD and the relevant government ministries across three assignments to develop frameworks to support the expansion of small-scale renewable energy, predominantly rooftop solar. The project assessed different regulatory models – net metering, net billing, and feed-in tariffs – and included the development of secondary legislation, amendments to the grid code, and - [Feasibility of rooftop solar initiative, Ghana](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/feasibility-of-rooftop-solar-initiative-ghana/) - ECA developed a feasibility study, project design, and implementation recommendations for the Government of Ghana’s "Government Goes Solar" initiative. The assignment included assessing the market for rooftop solar, selecting 30 public buildings to benefit from rooftop solar PV systems, and recommending an institutional structure to implement the project. - [Development of Pacific e-mobility framework, Pacific region](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/development-of-pacific-e-mobility-framework-pacific-region/) - ECA was contracted to establish an e-mobility framework for all 11 Pacific Island Countries (PICs). This involved modelling the impact of increased e-mobility uptake deployment on the power grids of the PICs, many of which contain a high level of variable renewable energy, researching international best practices, and developing technical guidelines. The final output was - [Energy efficiency strategy implementation, Gambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/energy-efficiency-strategy-implementation-gambia/) - ECA supported the World Bank and the Government of The Gambia in creating enabling frameworks for the implementation of the National Energy Efficiency Strategy of the country. Work included defining institutional arrangements, financial support mechanism design, a gender gap analysis, defining capacity building needs, and drafting a new primary Law on Energy Efficiency. - [Market assessment, design of financial support mechanisms, and capacity building for rooftop solar, North Macedonia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/11/25/market-assessment-design-of-financial-support-mechanisms-and-capacity-building-for-rooftop-solar-north-macedonia/) - ECA developed the principles of a cost-effective policy, regulatory, and promotional framework for accelerating rooftop solar PV in North Macedonia. This included reviewing, analysing, and recommending the off-take arrangements (compensation), governing regulations, technical standards, and processes, including grid connection, and developing business models and supportive financial mechanisms. - [Design and facilitation of the integrated resource planning training for decision makers](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/12/14/design-and-facilitation-of-the-integrated-resource-planning-training-for-decision-makers/) - ECA is supporting the Southern African Power Pool and the SADC Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in delivering a five-day training program on integrated resource planning (IRP). Unusually the training program is oriented not to practitioners but to decision makers in order for them to fully appreciate the importance integrated electricity planning and - [Greek electricity distribution privatisation launched](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/12/17/greek-electricity-distribution-privatisation-launched/) - On 15 December 2020, Greece’s Public Power Corporation launched the sale of a 49% stake in the Hellenic Electricity Distribution Network Operator (HEDNO). Expressions of Interest are due on 29th January 2021. Having advised the regulator on the allowed revenue methodology for distribution networks, our ECA Athens team is looking forward to seeing who the - [Ofgem RIIO-2 Final Determinations](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/12/18/ofgem-riio-2-final-determinations/) - Earlier this month, Ofgem published its RIIO-2 Final Determinations for the electricity and gas transmission and gas distribution sectors, and the electricity system operator. ECA, as part of a CEPA-led consortium that also includes AFRY, Gridlines and ChandlerKBS, supported Ofgem throughout the RIIO-2 process, including with the review of the responses received to the Draft - [Assisting the Philippines in accelerating climate investment](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/12/23/assisting-the-philippines-in-accelerating-climate-investment/) - ECA has been appointed by the World Bank using funding from the NDC Support Facility to assist the Government of the Philippines in accelerating climate investment through carbon pricing instruments. The support follows on from previous assistance provided by ECA on the selection and design of CPIs and will further assess the potential impacts of - [Reaping the rewards of competition - Why Israel’s power market needs to change](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/01/07/reaping-the-rewards-of-competition-why-israels-power-market-needs-to-change-2/) - The Israel electricity sector is undergoing substantial changes. Most notable, the Government of Israel (GoI) is introducing reforms to create competitive markets both on the supply and retail side. Modelling the Israeli Electricity Market at a unit level using PLEXOS Software, we identify shortcoming and inefficiencies in the current functioning of the power market. Our - [Assessment of private sector involvement in power transmission in the Middle East and Africa region](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/01/14/assessment-of-private-sector-involvement-in-power-transmission-in-the-middle-east-and-africa-region/) - We have been awarded a contract to advise on opportunities for private sector participation in electricity transmission in the Middle East and Africa. Share this article: - [Supporting demand response and energy efficiency programmes in Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/01/19/supporting-demand-response-and-energy-efficiency-programmes-in-vietnam/) - ECA is supporting the Asian Development Bank in designing demand response and energy efficiency programmes in Vietnam and an accompanying loan to fund initial installations. ECA's services include a legal review, proposed amendments to existing regulations and financial and economic analysis of programme components. Share this article: - [Decarbonising infrastructure in Nigeria through local-currency financing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/01/26/decarbonising-infrastructure-in-nigeria-through-local-currency-financing/) - ECA has been engaged by the Private Infrastructure Development Group (PIDG) to support the development of InfraCredit’s Green Energy Investment Strategy. InfraCredit, a PIDG investee, provides local currency guarantees to enhance the credit quality of debt instruments issued to finance creditworthy infrastructure assets in Nigeria. As part of our work, we are currently reviewing the - [Price spikes in Greece’s new electricity market: a genuine concern?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/01/28/price-spikes-in-greeces-new-electricity-market-a-genuine-concern-2/) - On 1 November 2020 Greece reached a significant milestone by launching the European Target Model for the operation of its wholesale electricity market. Initial implementation was reported as being successful. However, as early as December 2020 the Regulatory Authority for Energy (RAE) announced it would investigate the prospect of setting a cap and floor for - [ECA policy guidelines for EE financing mechanisms published by the Energy Community Secretariat and EBRD](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/07/27/eca-policy-guidelines-for-ee-financing-mechanisms-published-by-the-energy-community-secretariat-and-ebrd/) - The Energy Community Secretariat and The EBRD have published a set of Policy Guidelines for Centralised Energy Efficiency Financing Mechanisms authored by ECA with the support of the regulatory assistance project (RAP). The Guidelines seek to advise Contracting Parties of best practice on the scoping, design and implementation of financial support mechanisms for accelerating energy - [ECA supporting the Global LPG Partnership in assessing LPG demand](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/07/30/eca-supporting-the-global-lpg-partnership-in-assessing-lpg-demand/) - ECA is supporting the Global LPG Partnership in assessing LPG demand in the greater Kinshasa region and assess the economic benefit of switching to LPG as a fuel source. We will apply our econometric energy demand modelling techniques and our cost benefit analysis framework for decentralised energy usage. Share this article: - [ECA Insight- Might power markets come back into fashion in Africa?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/08/13/eca-viewpoint-might-power-markets-come-back-into-fashion-in-africa/) - Two decades ago international financing institutions began encouraging competitive electricity markets in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Over that period, while North and South America, India, Europe, Australasia and parts of South East Asia have embraced competitive power markets, today we would challenge you to identify a single SSA country with an operating competitive market (defined here - [We are hiring for the following role...](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/08/19/we-are-hiring-for-the-following-role/) - We are hiring. ECA is looking to expand our growing team of electricity market economists. The successful candidate would support our team of electricity market specialists advising policymakers, regulators and investors on commercial, economic and strategic aspects of electricity markets. The role is for a Senior or Managing Consultant. A particular focus will be on - [Will gas-fired power generation be forthcoming after the rapid closure of lignite plants in Greece?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/09/01/will-gas-fired-power-generation-be-forthcoming-after-the-rapid-closure-of-lignite-plants-in-greece-2/) - To help achieve climate change targets, Greece will be closing its lignite power plants by 2023. This plan relies on the expected development of gas-fired generation to partly substitute for the closures. In this Insight, we consider how the closure of the lignite plants and the related development of renewable energy may affect the attractiveness - [ECA Director delivering tariff training to regulatory staff in ERRA member organisations](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/09/03/eca-director-delivering-tariff-training-to-regulatory-staff-in-erra-member-organisations/) - Nick Haralambopoulos is one of the course faculty team members delivering accredited training on natural gas tariff setting to staff from regulatory authorities in the Energy Regulators Regional Association (ERRA) network. Nick’s part of the course (7-8 and 10 September) will be focusing on the theory and practice of establishing the cost of service and - [David Williams appointed as ECA Director](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/09/03/david-williams-appointed-as-eca-director/) - We are delighted to announce that David Williams will be joining the ECA Board of Directors as of September 2020. David has been with ECA since 2013 and has helped grow our energy efficiency and low carbon policy streams. As Director he will lead our decarbonisation policy service line encompassing renewable energy integration, energy efficiency - [ECA advising the World Bank on off-grid water business models](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/09/17/eca-advising-the-world-bank-on-off-grid-water-business-models/) - ECA has been engaged by the World Bank to deepen its understanding of viable models for providing non-utility/non-piped water services to urban areas of cities in developing countries across the world. The assignment will examine the roles of technological innovations and responsive, balanced regulatory frameworks, while also drawing parallels from energy and other comparable sectors. - [ECA to support BiH (BA-Fed) on implementing the Energy Community acquis on EE](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/09/25/eca-to-support-bih-ba-fed-on-implementing-the-energy-community-acquis-on-ee/) - ECA, together with BRE, is furthering support previously provided to BA-Fed by the REEP Plus programme of the EBRD, in harmonising a subset of its legislation with the requirements of the Energy Performance in Buildings and Energy Efficiency Directives. This is the first of two phases comprising a detailed gap analysis and the development of - [Support for the Kenya EPRA in the mini-grid sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/09/30/support-for-the-kenya-epra-in-the-mini-grid-sector/) - ECA has been engaged by the IED and the GMG Facility Kenya, on behalf of the Energy and Petroleum Regulatory Authority, to update the mini-grid regulations that ECA drafted in 2017. The assignment will also include activities to facilitate more rapid regulatory approvals, including a review of EPRA's mini-grid tariff model, an upgrade of EPRA's - [Contributing to the review and recommendations for renewable energy in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/01/contributing-to-the-review-and-recommendations-for-renewable-energy-in-indonesia/) - The Asian Development Bank has released a new report on options for renewable energy subsidy mechanisms in Indonesia. The report draws extensively on analysis and recommendations developed by ECA with PT Castlerock. Taking geothermal projects as an example, the report demonstrates a practical mechanism to estimate the gap between economic values, project costs and the - [ASEAN climate market cooperation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/02/asean-climate-market-cooperation/) - ECA has been appointed by the World Bank's Partnership for Market Readiness to conduct a review of carbon pricing instruments (CPIs) in the energy sector in the ASEAN region and the potential for enhanced cooperation between them. Share this article: - [Introducing our new Analyst](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/07/introducing-our-new-analyst/) - This month, ECA welcomes Alex Schmid to the team. Alex is a London School of Economics graduate with an MSc in Local Economic Development, and a BSc in Geography with Economics. Having grown up in Perth, Australia and Munich, Germany, he is fluent in both English and German. Welcome aboard Alex! Share this article: - [Back to basics: are EU’s energy regulatory principles compatible with its hydrogen strategy?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/12/back-to-basics-are-eus-energy-regulatory-principles-compatible-with-its-hydrogen-strategy-2/) - The European Commission published its EU Hydrogen Strategy on 8 July 2020, setting out a vision of a significant role for hydrogen in achieving decarbonisation by 2050, recognising the difficulties of decarbonising some sectors purely through electrification and RES. The scale of the proposed investments (up to 500 GW of electrolysers by 2050 and almost - [Study on the Potential for Implementation of Hydrogen Technologies and its Utilisation in the Energy Community](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/15/study-on-the-potential-for-implementation-of-hydrogen-technologies-and-its-utilisation-in-the-energy-community/) - ECA has been appointed by the Energy Community Secretariat to assess the potential and viability of different technologies for producing, transporting and deploying hydrogen in the Contracting Parties of the Energy Community, with a focus on the gas, electricity and industrial sectors, as well as potential opportunities for integration with EU markets. Share this - [ECA supports North Macedonia to implement the Energy Community acquis on Energy Efficiency](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/11/02/eca-supports-north-macedonia-to-implement-the-energy-community-acquis-on-energy-efficiency/) - ECA, together with BRE and Karanovic/Partners, is extending support previously provided to North Macedonia by the REEP Plus programme for the drafting and adoption of the Law on Energy Efficiency, in preparing relevant secondary legislation, compliant with the requirements of the Energy Performance in Buildings and Energy Efficiency Directives. This is the first of two - [Greek energy regulator RAE issues its allowed revenue methodology for electricity distribution, jointly developed with ECA](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/11/09/greek-energy-regulator-rae-issues-its-allowed-revenue-methodology-for-electricity-distribution-jointly-developed-with-eca/) - On 22 October 2020, the Regulatory Authority for Energy (RAE) approved the allowed revenue methodology for the Hellenic Electricity Distribution Network Operator (HEDNO), which was subsequently published in the Greek Government Gazette on 26 October 2020. The methodology was designed and developed by RAE in close collaboration with ECA’s Athens team with the intention of - [Providing economic support for price control reviews for the Sultanate of Oman](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/11/11/providing-economic-support-for-price-control-reviews-for-oman/) - ECA has been appointed by the Authority for Public Services Regulation to provide economic support for the price control reviews of the Main Interconnected System (MIS) Distribution and Supply companies (D&S-PCR6), Dhofar Power Company (DPC-PCR4), and Rural Area Electricity Company (RAEC-PCR5). The support, being provided until December 2021, covers the form and duration of the - [The UK’s 10-point plan: scrabbling around the back of the sofa for cash](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/11/25/the-uks-10-point-plan-scrabbling-around-the-back-of-the-sofa-for-cash-2/) - The announced 10-point plan for net zero carbon emissions for the UK is full of grand targets but is very short on implementation. The announced levels of expenditure do not stack up with the targets and there is very little in the way of solid programmes for implementation. This month's ECA Insight paper focuses on - [Advising the utility regulator of Northern Ireland on gas connection policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/11/26/advising-the-utility-regulator-of-northern-ireland-on-gas-connection-policy/) - ECA has been asked to advise on a request for connection of specific plants to the gas transmission network, which is only allowed under exceptional circumstances. We will review the technical and economic case for permitting these connections. Share this article: - [Papua New Guinea power cost of service study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/11/30/papua-new-guinea-power-cost-of-service-study/) - ECA has been contracted by Papua New Guinea's electricity regulator ICCC to review the electricity contract between ICCC and PNG Power Limited. Share this article: - [Getting from Green Home Grants to the Ten Point Plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/12/02/getting-from-green-home-grants-to-the-ten-point-plan-2/) - The Prime Minister’s Ten Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution is a combination of a post-covid recovery package while simultaneously confronting that other great global challenge; decarbonisation. The greening of our homes and public buildings is a prominent inclusion in the plan with the eye-catching goal of 600,000 heat pump installations a year by - [ECA joining panel discussion as part of ERRA 20th anniversary events](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/12/07/eca-joining-panel-discussion-as-part-of-erra-20th-anniversary-events/) - ECA’s Nick Haralambopoulos will be joining other esteemed regulatory specialists for a panel discussion on the features of successful economic regulation on 11 December 2020. This will be part of a commemorative event for the 20th anniversary celebrations of the Energy Regulators Regional Association (ERRA). For more information, you can visit ERRA’s event page here: - [Sumatra Merang Peatland Project offsetting carbon emissions and improving local livelihoods](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/12/10/sumatra-merang-peatland-project-offsetting-carbon-emissions-and-improving-local-livelihoods/) - We are thrilled to learn that the Sumatra Merang Peatland Project (SMPP) is making good progress. ECA supports this project via the Althelia Climate Fund, managed by our partner Ecosphere+. The SMPP focuses on protecting and restoring more than 22,934 hectares of peatland rainforest in the Merang biodiversity zone in Indonesia. The project is reducing - [Two approaches to tariff design in the electricity sector – how different are they?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/02/04/two-approaches-to-tariff-design-in-the-electricity-sector-how-different-are-they-2/) - Since deregulation of the supply market in the UK over two decades ago, the regulator has tended to leave it to the supply companies to decide the design of the tariffs charged to end-users. This has changed recently with regulatory interventions to limit the number of residential tariffs offered but in most other countries worldwide - [Fuel supply strategy for St Helena](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/02/11/fuel-supply-strategy-for-st-helena/) - ECA has been engaged to advise on arrangements for supplying petroleum products to the island of St Helena in the Atlantic Ocean. Share this article: - [ECA to support AMDA for second annual mini-grid benchmarking report](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/02/17/eca-to-support-amda-for-second-annual-mini-grid-benchmarking-report/) - ECA is delighted to work again with AMDA on its second annual benchmarking report for the mini-grid sector in Africa. Share this article: - [ECA presents preliminary findings of hydrogen study at joint ACER-ECS workshop](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/03/01/eca-presents-preliminary-findings-of-hydrogen-study-at-joint-acer-ecs-workshop/) - On 25 February 2021, ECA’s Nick Haralambopoulos and David Williams presented at the first of three webinars jointly organised by the European Union’s Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) and the Energy Community Secretariat (ECS) on the future of hydrogen. They presented the preliminary findings of a joint ECA-E4tech study being undertaken for - [ECA analysis supports Ireland in publishing new consultation on the Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/03/11/eca-analysis-supports-ireland-in-publishing-new-consultation-on-the-energy-efficiency-obligation-scheme/) - Ireland’s Department of the Environment, Climate and Communications have published a new consultation on the design of Ireland’s Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOS) and its role in achieving Ireland’s 2030 targets under the European Union’s Energy Efficiency Directive. ECA undertook policy and economic modelling and analysis to support the development of the consultation, with findings - [Allowed revenue methodology for electricity transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/03/16/allowed-revenue-methodology-for-electricity-transmission/) - The Greek energy regulator, RAE, has appointed ECA to review and revise the allowed revenue methodology for electricity transmission. The aim is to better align the methodology with that recently developed (also by ECA) for electricity distribution in Greece and having regard to practical experience in applying the current transmission methodology over the past two - [Water tariff review in South African metros](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/03/31/water-tariff-review-in-south-african-metros/) - We have been contracted by the World Bank to review the current IBT water tariff structure in two South African municipalities, eThekwini and Cape Town. The objective is to simulate the application of Ramsey pricing principles to optimise the current IBT structure and assess the impact of alternative pricing approaches on cost recovery, affordability and - [Utility cost recovery: tackle inefficiency before increasing tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/04/07/utility-cost-recovery-tackle-inefficiency-before-increasing-tariffs-2/) - Raising tariffs to cost recovery levels is often considered a prerequisite of infrastructure sector reforms. While immediate tariff increases are often publicly unacceptable and politically infeasible, case studies across the power and water sectors provide evidence that achieving cost recovery through efficiency gains which reduce the target cost recovery level and win public support is - [ECA presented at Energy Exemplar’s 2021 user group meeting](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/04/22/eca-presented-at-energy-exemplars-2021-user-group-meeting/) - ECA’s Managing Director, Fred Beelitz, yesterday presented the lessons learned from applying the power market modelling software PLEXOS to the Israeli power market. You can see his presentation HERE. Share this article: - [Batteries - generation or transmission assets?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/05/19/batteries-generation-or-transmission-assets-2/) - Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are on track of becoming an integral component of electricity markets around the world. Although investments for grid scale BESS are still at relatively low levels of US$3 billion per year, they are expected to rise substantially over the next decades. Historically, storage (mainly hydro pumped storage) was regarded as - [Supporting Uzbekistan with small-scale renewable energy policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/05/27/supporting-uzbekistan-with-small-scale-renewable-energy-policy/) - EBRD has contracted ECA to lead this assignment to support the Government of Uzbekistan develop its policy and regulatory framework for small-scale renewable energy. Share this article: - [Ecodesign regulations for Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/06/17/ecodesign-regulations-for-bosnia-and-herzegovina/) - ECA supported by partners Eco have been contracted by the EBRD to undertake a market assessment for the introduction of Ecodesign regulations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The work forms part of the EBRD's Regional Energy Efficiency Programme (REEP) Plus for the Western Balkans Policy Dialogue assistance which is being managed by a consortium led by - [ECA explores hydrogen potential in the Energy Community](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/06/24/eca-explores-hydrogen-potential-in-the-energy-community/) - ECA and E4tech (an ERM Group company) completed a study on the potential for using hydrogen in the Energy Community Contracting Parties (CPs), commissioned by the Energy Community Secretariat (ECS). The study comprises four parts (links from the ECS website): an international review of the state of play of the global hydrogen sector; an economic - [Retirement and repurposing of four coal fired power plants](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/06/28/retirement-and-repurposing-of-four-coal-fired-power-plants/) - ECA is supporting the World Bank and Eskom in South Africa on the retirement and repurposing of 4 coal fired power plants. Share this article: - [Eswatini national electrification analysis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/08/18/eswatini-national-electrification-analysis/) - ECA has been contracted by the World Bank to assist the Bank in its support to the Government of the Kingdom of Eswatini for the preparation of its National Electrification Strategy (NES). The approach will be based on comprehensive GIS mapping and least-cost electrification planning using various electricity access options and technologies, and includes institutional - [Low carbon development and affordable energy access are complementary objectives (to a point)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/09/01/low-carbon-development-and-affordable-energy-access-are-complementary-objectives-to-a-point-2/) - In 2015, all United Nations Member States adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Among the 17 goals, SDG 7 targets access to affordable and sustainable energy for all while SDG 13 calls for tackling climate change. READ ECA's INSIGHT HERE. Share this article: - [Welcome to our newest team member](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/09/23/welcome-to-our-newest-team-member/) - This month we welcome Marina Charalambous to ECA. She is an economist with 7 years’ experience in regulatory economics in the energy sector and is also experienced in providing commercial and regulatory due diligence for energy infrastructure transactions. Marina has previously worked with the UK energy regulator Ofgem. Share this article: - [Treatment of unregulated services and ring-fencing guidelines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/11/17/treatment-of-unregulated-services-and-ring-fencing-guidelines/) - The Greek energy regulator, RAE, appointed ECA to assist with the development of a framework - [IFC releases new guide to investing in renewable electricity generation in the Pacific, authored by ECA](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/11/24/ifc-releases-new-guide-to-investing-in-renewable-electricity-generation-in-the-pacific-authored-by-eca/) - In the lead up to COP26, the International Finance Corporation (IFC) published an ECA-authored report: Powering the Pacific, A Guide To Investing In Renewable Electricity Generation In The Pacific. Many people in the Pacific lack access to electricity and more than 40 percent of power generation in the Pacific uses expensive polluting diesel and liquid - [Fast & furious: fast frequency response services as the key to rev up battery investments](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/11/29/fast-furious-fast-frequency-response-services-as-the-key-to-rev-up-battery-investments-2/) - The business case for Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in Europe is determined by revenue stacking, ie the ability of operators to obtain revenues from different sources and markets. While long term capacity remuneration helps provide investor certainty, it is revenues from frequency response ancillary services (AS) that have proven to be critical drivers of - [Corporatisation of Timor-Leste’s electricity utility](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/12/22/corporatisation-of-timor-lestes-electricity-utility/) - ECA has been contracted by the Asian Development Bank to support the development of a corporatisation strategy for Electricidade de Timor-Leste, the state-owned utility. We will be responsible for developing financial projections for the corporatised entity and reviewing lessons from regional experience in corporatisation of similar entities. Share this article: - [Supporting the Sumatra Merang Peatland Project](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/12/30/supporting-the-sumatra-merang-peatland-project/) - ECA are pleased to share updates on the Sumatra Merang Peatland Project (SMPP), which we continue to support as part of our carbon neutrality target. The SMPP focuses on protecting and restoring more than 22,934 hectares of peatland rainforest in the Merang biodiversity zone in Indonesia, one of the largest and deepest peat swamp areas - [Paving a roadmap for hydrogen in low- & middle-income countries](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/01/10/paving-a-roadmap-for-hydrogen-in-low-middle-income-countries-2/) - ECA, in collaboration with E4tech UK, recently completed a multi-part study for the Energy Community Secretariat (ECS) on the potential for hydrogen utilisation among its Contracting Parties (CPs). Our study includes an assessment of recent hydrogen developments and the CPs’ readiness for integrating hydrogen into their energy systems, drawn from interviews with national stakeholders and - [World Bank publishes Troubled Tariffs: revisiting water pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/01/12/world-bank-publishes-troubled-tariffs-revisiting-water-pricing/) - There is much variation in the design of tariffs and subsidies in the water sector. What is the optimal approach? Leaving no stone unturned, this ambitious report dives deep into the trade-offs between the conflicting goals of cost recovery, affordability and water conservation when designing tariffs. The paper is a collaboration between ECA, The World - [Financial sustainability for the electricity sector of Kyrgyzstan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/01/24/financial-sustainability-for-the-electricity-sector-of-kyrgyzstan/) - Financial sustainability for the electricity sector of Kyrgyzstan. The country is among only a handful of countries worldwide with average electricity prices for most households at below 1 US cent per kWh and has been attracting cryptocurrency miners, driven out of China, with its low prices for business users. This has led to major financial - [Establishing an e-mobility policy and roadmap for the Pacific Islands](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/02/02/establishing-an-e-mobility-policy-and-roadmap-for-the-pacific-islands/) - Electric mobility is a key pillar of many countries’ decarbonisation strategies. The Pacific Island countries, which are particularly exposed to the impacts of climate change, are particularly well-suited to the large-scale deployment of e-mobility, given the typically small distances travelled and the strong potential for renewable energy generation in these countries. It will also help - [Comparing electricity tariff design across 24 jurisdictions](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/02/16/comparing-electricity-tariff-design-across-24-jurisdictions/) - Following our study on electricity allowed revenue approaches in over 20 jurisdictions globally, ECA and ERRA will collaborate on a new report that dives into their tariff structures. As the most wide-reaching study of this kind, we highly anticipate the results! Share this article: - [Oman transmission price review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/02/23/oman-transmission-price-review/) - The Omani electricity sector is going through a critical phase of transition and ECA is delighted to continue supporting the Authority for Public Services Regulation (APSR) in this process. Following on from our successful engagement with the APSR in reviewing distribution licensee price controls, we have been appointed to support the Sixth Price Control Review - [Carbon pricing instrument expertise becoming a key ECA decarbonisation service offering](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/03/02/carbon-pricing-instrument-expertise-becoming-a-key-eca-decarbonisation-service-offering/) - Over the past year our decarbonisation strategy team led by David Williams has expanded its expertise in designing carbon pricing instruments, including both taxation and trading mechanisms. With recent and ongoing engagements in Indonesia, the Philippines and Malaysia we have built on our existing track record of supporting governments in assessing options of monetising carbon - [ECA advises on cooperation on carbon pricing in ASEAN](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/03/23/eca-advises-on-cooperation-on-carbon-pricing-in-asean/) - The completion of negotiations on Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on international carbon trading opens up opportunities for countries to reduce the costs of meeting decarbonisation commitments by using international credits and linking carbon markets. ASEAN is particularly well-placed for this with its combination of needing to meet rapid growth in energy demand while - [A whole system approach is critical for energy networks and regulators to support decarbonisation efforts](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/03/24/a-whole-system-approach-is-critical-for-energy-networks-and-regulators-to-support-decarbonisation-efforts-2/) - Energy network infrastructure plays a major role in supporting energy system decarbonisation, and potential solutions across several energy vectors are increasingly being considered for future investments. The concept of a Whole System Approach has been on European regulators’ radars for several years now, but the need to move from concept to implementation is more pressing than - [Transposing new energy savings targets for the Energy Community](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/03/30/transposing-new-energy-savings-targets-for-the-energy-community/) - The amended Energy Efficiency Directive of 2018 has been transposed to the Energy Community Contracting Parties with larger and more aggressive energy savings targets for 2030. ECA has been supporting the EBRD and Energy Community Secretariat to assist Contracting Parties understand their policy options and design appropriate policy response mechanisms with a focus on ensuring - [Support for rural electrification in Vanuatu](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/04/01/support-for-rural-electrification-in-vanuatu/) - ECA is providing an expert to advise the Department of Energy in Vanuatu on improving sector policy and planning and facilitating investments. A focus area is on the potential to expand mini-grids to support rural electrification where ECA will be bringing the lessons learned from our extensive work on mini-grid design in sub-Saharan Africa and - [Carbon pricing in Montenegro and planning to join the EU Emissions Trading Scheme](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/05/04/carbon-pricing-in-montenegro-and-planning-to-join-the-eu-emissions-trading-scheme/) - Targeting European Union (EU) accession in 2026, Montenegro must prepare for operating under the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) and the Carbon Boarder Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). Unique county characteristics, including a very small number of major point source emitters, lend specific challenges with creating a functioning ETS in the country. ECA have been contracted by - [ECA verifying electricity industry delivery of financial targets in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/05/16/eca-verifying-electricity-industry-delivery-of-financial-targets-in-indonesia/) - ECA will be responsible for verifying triggers for loan disbursements have been met as an independent auditor, after being appointed by the Asian Development Bank, as part of a team led by SMEC, to be the independent verification agent on financial matters for a policy-based loan to PLN, the Indonesian state electricity utility. Share - [A new addition to the team](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/05/19/a-new-addition-to-the-team/) - This month we are pleased to welcome Ben Gregory to ECA. He graduated in BA(Hons) Politics, Philosophy and Economics from the University of Oxford in 2020, then went on to complete a master’s degree in MSc Environmental Economics and Climate Change at the London School of Economics. Prior to starting at ECA, Ben spent 6 - [All smiles for the new look London office](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/05/27/all-smiles-for-the-new-look-london-office/) - We took the opportunity to have a complete office makeover whilst our staff had to work from home. Our refurbishment includes bright new meeting rooms, pristine desk spaces, a large break-out space, shiny new kitchen, and an energy efficient heat pump system. A sleek and refreshed look for the London office and a big thumbs - [Electrification challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/06/23/electrification-challenges-in-sub-saharan-africa/) - Peter Robinson recently acted as Webinar Moderator for a panel discussion on 'Electrification Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa', the first in a series of webinars hosted by ERRA. This first webinar discussed the status quo and ways forward for the fundamental development of electricity access in Sub-Saharan regions. Speakers presented current statistics and elaborated on ongoing - [The ECA Summer week is back!](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/07/22/the-eca-summer-week-is-back/) - Finally! For the first time in 3 years, we were able to restart our tradition of the ‘ECA Summer week’. It's a week whenl ECA colleagues from around the world get together in London for fun, games, the occasional tipple and interesting discussions. Last week we orienteered our way through the East Sussex countryside (thanks - [Exploring decarbonisation incentive options for electricity network firms](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/08/01/exploring-decarbonisation-incentive-options-for-electricity-network-firms/) - ECA has been contracted by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) to scope, recommend and help implement appropriate performance-based incentives (PBIs) for electricity network firms in North Macedonia. Work will cover "traditional" PBI areas such as interruptions but also focus on how decarbonisation objectives may be supported. Share this article: - [Can markets work at net zero?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/09/21/can-markets-work-at-net-zero-2/) - In ECA’s recent Insight, Robert Barnett looks at market designs being proposed to cover the case where increased penetration of near-zero variable cost generation from renewables and nuclear leads to a collapse in prices to zero at times. This insight considers what is actually happening to prices and why the solutions being proposed seem not - [Energy Exemplar's Energy Modelling & Simulation Summit - Xcelerate2022](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/09/29/energy-exemplars-energy-modelling-simulation-summit-xcelerate2022-3/) - Energy Exemplar's Energy Modelling & Simulation Summit - Xcelerate2022 - was an excellent opportunity to meet fellow Plexos users and Energy Exemplar’s team - [Energy Exemplar's Energy Modelling & Simulation Summit - Xcelerate2022](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/09/29/energy-exemplars-energy-modelling-simulation-summit-xcelerate2022/) - Energy Exemplar's Energy Modelling & Simulation Summit - Xcelerate2022 - was an excellent opportunity to meet fellow Plexos users and Energy Exemplar’s team - [How are European governments responding to tight energy markets – an overview](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/10/25/how-are-european-governments-responding-to-tight-energy-markets-an-overview-2/) - In the first of our ECA Insight – deep dive series, Iro Sala and Frederik Beelitz look at policy responses to the unprecedented energy price spikes in Europe. We consider both, market re-design proposals and support mechanisms, to provide an overview of different approaches in tackling high prices. Although there are plenty of factors that - [Another regulatory puzzle: Treatment of working capital and construction work-in-progress](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/11/19/another-regulatory-puzzle-treatment-of-working-capital-and-construction-work-in-progress-2/) - In this months Insight we shed light on the treatment of working capital and work-in-progress... - [Best wishes and a brief look back to ECA’s 2022](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/12/24/best-wishes-and-a-brief-look-back-to-ecas-2022/) - As the year draws to an end, we want to wish all of our clients, associates and friends a joyous festive season and a successful start to 2023. 2022 was an exciting year for ECA. We were delighted to go back to a normal working mode meeting clients, holding workshops and engaging with stakeholders face - [We read Ofgem’s RIIO-ED2 Final Determinations so you don’t need to](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/02/24/we-read-ofgems-riio-ed2-final-determinations-so-you-dont-need-to/) - The UK was one of the earlier adopters of the independent regulation of utilities. Over time price controls in the UK, as in many other jurisdictions, have become increasingly complex. This makes it ever more challenging to get a clear view across the whole of a price control. This can be true for anyone not - [Biggest change in network regulation in a decade](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/03/23/biggest-change-in-network-regulation-in-a-decade/) - Ofgem is considering the biggest change in network regulation in a decade. On 10 March 2023, Ofgem published a consultation on frameworks for future systems and network regulation in which it considers new ways to regulate energy networks. This represents the most extensive assessment of energy network regulation in Great Britain (GB) in over a decade - [Welcome to the team](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/05/28/welcome-to-the-team/) - In April and May we were pleased to welcome Thalia Goode and Guanfei Li to ECA in London. In her previous role at Hydro Tasmania, Australia, Thalia focused on developing medium and long-term price forecast models of the Australian energy market using PLEXOS modelling software. Thalia holds an Honours degree in Renewable Energy Engineering from - [Focus group discussion on power sector elements of Indonesia’s next medium-term development plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/09/29/power-sector-elements-of-indonesias-next-medium-term-development-plan/) - On 26 September 2023, ECA led the Focus Group Discussion in Jakarta that presented initial thinking on the power sector elements of Indonesia’s next medium-term development plan (RPJMN 2025-29). ECA, together with Castlerock Asia and Neyen, is developing a White Paper to support the national planning agency (Bappenas) as it prepares this critical document. The - [Making CBAM work for the EU’s near neighbours](https://www.eca-uk.com/2023/04/19/making-cbam-work-for-the-eus-near-neighbours/) - In February, the European Parliament’s Environment Committee voted in favour of the block introducing a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).... - [Energy Exemplar’s Energy Modelling & Simulation Summit – Xcelerate2022](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/09/17/energy-exemplars-energy-modelling-simulation-summit-xcelerate2022-2/) - An excellent opportunity to meet fellow Plexos users and Energy Exemplar’s team and discuss the challenges facing the energy sector now and into the future and how modelling advancements can best be used to address these. - [ECA study on EU revenue-setting approaches for gas transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/20/eca-study-on-eu-revenue-setting-approaches-for-gas-transmission-2/) - ECA’s key findings of the study “Methodologies and parameters used to determine the allowed or target revenue of transmission system operators” undertaken for the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER). - [Another regulatory puzzle: Treatment of working capital and construction work-in-progress](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/11/10/another-regulatory-puzzle-treatment-of-working-capital-and-construction-work-in-progress/) - Following our 2021 Insight on inflation of the Regulatory Asset Base (RAB) and Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), in this Insight we shed light on the treatment of working capital and work-in-progress... - [ECA Deep Dive - How are European governments responding to tight energy markets – an overview](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/10/18/how-are-european-governments-responding-to-tight-energy-markets-an-overview/) - In ECA's first Deep Dive, Iro Sala and Fred Beelitz look at policy responses to the unprecedented energy price spikes in Europe... - [Ionian Adriatic Pipeline (IAP) commercial and economic feasibility study. Presented at the West Balkan Gas Infrastructure Workshop in Vienna, Austria, May 2018.](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/11/ionian-adriatic-pipeline-iap-commercial-and-economic-feasibility-study-presented-at-the-west-balkan-gas-infrastructure-workshop-in-vienna-austria-may-2018/) - DOWNLOAD - [Capacity Remuneration Mechanisms’. Presented at the 23rd Energy Community Electricity Forum, in Athens, Greece, June 2018.](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/14/capacity-remuneration-mechanisms-presented-at-the-23rd-energy-community-electricity-forum-in-athens-greece-june-2018/) - DOWNLOAD - [Regulatory Roles to Technological Innovation and Incentives. Presented at the ERRA Chairmen Meeting, in Sochi, Russia, April 2018.](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/14/regulatory-roles-to-technological-innovation-and-incentives-presented-at-the-erra-chairmen-meeting-in-sochi-russia-april-2018/) - DOWNLOAD - [The LMB Sustainable Hydropower Development Strategy. Presented at the 24th meeting of the Regional Power Trade Coordination Committee for the Greater Mekong Subregion, in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, June 2018.](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/27/the-lmb-sustainable-hydropower-development-strategy-presented-at-the-24th-meeting-of-the-regional-power-trade-coordination-committee-for-the-greater-mekong-subregion-in-nay-pyi-taw-myanmar-june-20/) - Presented at the 24th meeting of the Regional Power Trade Coordination Committee for the Greater Mekong Subregion, in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, June 2018. - [ECA Presentation at Energy Exemplar UGM 2021 - Modelling imperfections Lessons from Israeli Power Market, April 2021](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/04/22/eca-presentation-at-energy-exemplar-ugm-2021-modelling-imperfections-lessons-from-israeli-power-market-april-2021/) - DOWNLOAD - [Electricity market reforms - the Government’s vision, short- or far-sighted?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/02/electricity-market-reforms-the-governments-vision-short-or-far-sighted/) - In this ECA viewpoint we comment on the Electricity Market Reform (EMR) Consultation Document. We ask whether DECC has a viable vision of the UK electricity... - [Capex bias: a window to the soul of the incentive regime](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/03/capex-bias-a-window-to-the-soul-of-the-incentive-regime/) - In this commentary we share our views on Ofwat’s May 2011 discussion paper on capex bias, explaining why it opens up an opportunity for a change in direction... - [Scrapping South Stream – Turkey unlikely to become a true gas hub](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/04/scrapping-south-stream-turkey-unlikely-to-become-a-true-gas-hub/) - DECEMBER 2014 Russia’s halting of the South Stream gas pipeline has led to speculation of a new gas hub at the Turkish-Greek border. Such proclamations are... - [Expansion of the exchanges](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/27/expansion-of-the-exchanges/) - FEBRUARY 2015 Regulatory pressures from within and without the electricity industry are combining with commercial innovation to drive interest and growth in Europe’s power exchanges. - [Huffing and puffing about very little: Ending ROC subsidies to onshore wind is not the issue](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/07/30/huffing-and-puffing-about-very-little-ending-roc-subsidies-to-onshore-wind-is-not-the-issue/) - While the media has focused on changes to the RO scheme, this is but a side show regarding the long-term future of low carbon development in the UK. - [CMA and Ofwat follow ECA’s lead with a falling WACC for water companies](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/08/10/cma-and-ofwat-follow-ecas-lead-with-a-falling-wacc-for-water-companies/) - The CMA’s report on Bristol Water’s appeal against Ofwat’s final determination of the 2014/15 periodic review allowed a WACC of 3.65%, which aligns with... - [The UK capacity market – it gets what it asks for](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/07/21/the-uk-capacity-market-it-gets-what-it-asks-for/) - Theresa May has claimed she will place reliability of supply at the heart of UK energy policy. However, early Capacity Market auctions have not delivered the new CCGTs deemed... - [Changing European gas markets - are established suppliers lagging behind or setting the tone?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/05/20/changing-european-gas-markets-are-established-suppliers-lagging-behind-or-setting-the-tone/) - Last month French power utility Engie announced that its long term gas contracts with Gazprom would be linked to international gas prices, replacing oil price indexation. This comes at... - [A new approach for valuing gas interconnector rents](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/09/19/a-new-approach-for-valuing-gas-interconnector-rents/) - As long term gas contracts for gas interconnector capacity expire, the question of market power of interconnectors becomes more pertinent. - [Placing customers first means scrapping embedded benefits](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/09/20/placing-customers-first-means-scrapping-embedded-benefits/) - Answers on a postcard due this week to Ofgem regarding embedded benefits – the exemptions from transmission charges provided to embedded generation (EG) and... - [Indonesia’s water sector: the importance of incentives](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/11/20/indonesias-water-sector-the-importance-of-incentives-2/) - Water sector reforms are intended to remove constraints and create conditions for rapid progress in achieving access and service delivery goals. However... - [Mini-grids: are cost-reflective tariffs necessary?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/02/22/mini-grids-are-cost-reflective-tariffs-necessary/) - An acceptable tariff policy for consumers and investors alike is a fundamental requirement for the viability of mini-grids in developing countries. - [Renewable energy's pretty little secret: power market cost reflectivity can handle intermittency](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/05/renewable-energys-pretty-little-secret-power-market-cost-reflectivity-can-handle-intermittency/) - “Clean energy’s dirty secret” was last month’s provocative headline in the Economist. Prevailing structures for power market pricing, it claimed... - [Electricity mini-grids: how should costs be regulated?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/05/30/electricity-mini-grids-how-should-costs-be-regulated/) - In a previous article, we discussed whether policies will allow cost-reflective tariffs for isolated and grid-connected electricity mini-grids in developing countries. Less attention in policy-making circles... - [The pursuit of liquidity: has Europe got it right in electricity?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/06/21/the-pursuit-of-liquidity-has-europe-got-it-right-in-electricity/) - The European Target Model for the electricity market emphasises market coupling – to bring cross-border competition – and a liquid day ahead market (DAM) to set a reference price for trading... - [The transformative potential of power supply to mines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/07/13/the-transformative-potential-of-power-supply-to-mines/) - Mines have the potential to transform a country’s power sector, but often do not connect to the national grid because of the risks this creates. To prevent this opportunity being lost... - [Night storage heaters as an ancillary service](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/12/night-storage-heaters-as-an-ancillary-service/) - Because they are cheap to install, reliable, long-lived and have very low maintenance costs, night storage heaters are popular in granny-flats and with landlords... - [Successful WSS programmes: it's not about the money](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/11/01/successful-wss-programmes-its-not-about-the-money/) - Standard economics begins with the assumption that we behave rationally and in our own interests. We seek to maximise utility, which is often equated with maximising monetary gain... - [Price caps, merger talks: why bother?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/21/price-caps-merger-talks-why-bother/) - The recently announced merger between the supply businesses of npower and SSE is in stark contrast to the emergence of much smaller suppliers including municipal energy offerings... - [GB gas market neither shaken nor stirred by Rough closure so far](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/02/22/gb-gas-market-neither-shaken-nor-stirred-by-rough-closure-so-far/) - The closure of GB’s largest gas storage facility (Rough) led to concerns among market observers and participants of supply shortages and increased GB gas price volatility... - [Private sector participation (PSP) models in electricity transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/10/private-sector-participation-psp-models-in-electricity-transmission/) - Electricity transmission networks are natural monopolies and traditionally have been handled by a single national (or in larger countries, provincial) state-owned company or... - [Pit-emptying practices in Lusaka: how to encourage households to use safer and more environmentally friendly services](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/21/pit-emptying-practices-in-lusaka-how-to-encourage-households-to-use-safer-and-more-environmentally-friendly-services/) - READ MORE - [The price for solidarity: gas valuation during disruptions](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/08/16/the-price-for-solidarity-gas-valuation-during-disruptions/) - READ MORE - [Hydropower: helpful, harmful, hopeful?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/19/hydropower-helpful-harmful-hopeful/) - Hydropower is the largest source of renewable energy in the world, accounting for around 71% of all renewable electricity. It is expected to play a critical role in... - [Batteries: modelling value in alternative markets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/10/29/batteries-modelling-value-in-alternative-markets/) - Electricity storage devices are widely expected to become the must-have add-on to electricity systems increasingly supplied by intermittent renewables. - [Energy efficiency obligation schemes: the exit plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/12/21/energy-efficiency-obligation-schemes-the-exit-plan/) - The EU’s updated Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) retains Article 7, which requires Member States to implement an Energy Efficiency Obligation (EEO) scheme, or eligible Alternative Measures, capable of delivering a set quantity of energy savings via energy efficiency measures... - [Making rooftop solar in developing countries fair for utilities and customers](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/01/28/making-rooftop-solar-in-developing-countries-fair-for-utilities-and-customers/) - Rooftop solar is booming in both developed and developing countries. Rooftop solar reduces greenhouse gas and other emissions from conventional power generation. However... - [Can self-sufficiency contribute to regional power trade?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/02/20/can-self-sufficiency-contribute-to-regional-power-trade/) - The question posed in the title is deliberately paradoxical – self-sufficiency must surely always be the enemy of expanding trade in electricity. Apparently not: self-sufficiency in generation capacity (MW) can be what unlocks political acceptance of expanding trade in electrical energy (GWh)... - [Avoiding negative electricity prices: what measures should TSOs take?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/03/14/avoiding-negative-electricity-prices-what-measures-should-tsos-take/) - READ MORE - [A second LNG terminal in Greece - does it make sense?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/04/01/a-second-lng-terminal-in-greece-does-it-make-sense/) - The first (non-binding) market test for Gastrade’s proposed floating LNG terminal in Northern Greece drew capacity bids of 12.2 bcm per year, more than twice its planned technical capacity... - [Making the ESO concept work](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/04/16/eca-viewpoint-making-the-eso-concept-work/) - National Grid has legally separated out electricity system operation. In the press, this is hailed as the opportunity to make generation zero carbon - surely the separation was unnecessary for that. What is needed is... - [Lebanon power, the time for action is now](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/05/29/eca-viewpoint-lebanon-power-the-time-for-action-is-now/) - READ MORE - [Corporate PPAs aren’t just to make your green credentials shine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/07/22/corporate-ppas-arent-just-to-make-your-green-credentials-shine/) - Corporate Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) have mainly been used for renewables in competitive markets in the EU and the US, but they can be used to introduce a limited form of competition in countries that do not... - [Network Planning in an uncertain world: lessons learned from GB’s evolving process](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/08/31/network-planning-in-an-uncertain-world/) - The landscape for electricity networks is changing rapidly to a more decentralised, decarbonised and digitised future... - [Disruption and blackouts: be prepared](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/09/30/disruption-and-blackouts-be-prepared/) - Unexpected and disruptive market events are regularly being linked with fundamental market shifts such as high levels of intermittent generation. These links are often... - [Complexity is no excuse to ignore economics when setting net zero targets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/31/complexity-is-no-excuse-to-ignore-economics-when-setting-net-zero-targets/) - UK government policy is now targeting zero carbon emissions by 2050. This requires specific interventions... - [Cities and municipalities at the forefront of the energy transition](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/12/16/cities-and-municipalities-at-the-forefront-of-the-energy-transition/) - READ MORE - [Avoiding energy network tariff spikes](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/01/29/avoiding-energy-network-tariff-spikes/) - For regulated entities, lumpy investments in electricity and gas infrastructure lead to a sudden expansion in the asset. This increase is not always matched with... - [Will energy trading with Europe stop after the Brexit transition?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/02/13/will-energy-trading-with-europe-stop-after-the-brexit-transition/) - With the Brexit transition phase due to end on 31st December 2020, what will happen to energy trades with Ireland and Continental Europe... - [Coping with load shedding when forecasting power demand](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/03/26/coping-with-load-shedding-when-forecasting-power-demand/) - READ MORE - [Locking down – the energy sector and coronavirus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/05/06/locking-down-the-energy-sector-and-coronavirus/) - READ MORE - [Might power markets come back into fashion in Africa?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/08/11/might-power-markets-come-back-into-fashion-in-africa/) - Two decades ago international financing institutions began encouraging competitive electricity markets in Sub-Saharan Africa. Today we would challenge you... - [Will gas-fired power generation be forthcoming after the rapid closure of lignite plants in Greece?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/08/31/will-gas-fired-power-generation-be-forthcoming-after-the-rapid-closure-of-lignite-plants-in-greece/) - We consider how the closure of lignite plants and development of renewable energy may affect the attractiveness of gas-fired power generation for investors. - [Back to basics: are EU’s energy regulatory principles compatible with its hydrogen strategy?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/09/back-to-basics-are-eus-energy-regulatory-principles-compatible-with-its-hydrogen-strategy/) - In light of the European Commission’s recently published Hydrogen Strategy, Scott Edmonds explores whether this costly and nascent technology can be introduced - [The UK’s 10-point plan: scrabbling around the back of the sofa for cash](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/11/23/the-uks-10-point-plan-scrabbling-around-the-back-of-the-sofa-for-cash/) - The UK announced 10-point plan for net zero carbon emissions for the UK is full of grand targets but levels of expenditure do not stack up with the targets... - [Getting from Green Home Grants to the Ten Point Plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/12/02/getting-from-green-home-grants-to-the-ten-point-plan/) - The Prime Minister's Ten Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution - this Insight explores the policy options for delivering on the ambition. - [Reaping the rewards of competition - Why Israel’s power market needs to change](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/01/07/reaping-the-rewards-of-competition-why-israels-power-market-needs-to-change/) - Protection of the state owned electricity company and an overly stringent focus on security of supply should mean a need for reform of the Israel power market. - [Price spikes in Greece’s new electricity market: a genuine concern?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/01/28/price-spikes-in-greeces-new-electricity-market-a-genuine-concern/) - A need for intervention following the volatile prices in Greece’s new wholesale electricity market after the launch of the European Target Model in Nov 2020? - [Two approaches to tariff design in the electricity sector – how different are they?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/02/04/two-approaches-to-tariff-design-in-the-electricity-sector-how-different-are-they/) - Embedded cost versus marginal cost approaches to tariff design are used worldwide to design end user electricity tariffs, but how different they are? - [Utility cost recovery: tackle inefficiency before increasing tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/03/31/utility-cost-recovery-tackle-inefficiency-before-increasing-tariffs/) - Raising tariffs to cost recovery levels is often considered a prerequisite of infrastructure sector reforms. Tariff increases are often publicly unacceptable. - [Batteries – generation or transmission assets?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/05/17/batteries-generation-or-transmission-assets/) - Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are on track of becoming an integral component of electricity markets around the world... - [Low carbon development and affordable energy access are complementary objectives (to a point)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/08/26/low-carbon-development-and-affordable-energy-access-are-complementary-objectives-to-a-point/) - In 2015, all United Nations Member States adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development... - [A regulatory puzzle: Inflation, RAB and WACC](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/10/12/a-regulatory-puzzle-inflation-rab-and-wacc/) - Regulators often view the inflation of the Regulatory Asset Base (RAB), and the related choice of a real versus nominal Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)... - [Fast & furious: fast frequency response services as the key to rev up battery investments](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/11/29/fast-furious-fast-frequency-response-services-as-the-key-to-rev-up-battery-investments/) - Battery energy storage systems (BESS), ancillary services, fast frequency response, capacity market, BESS regulation, Primary reserve, secondary reserve, tertiary reserve, BESS business models, revenue stacking - [Paving a roadmap for hydrogen in low- & middle-income countries](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/01/06/paving-a-roadmap-for-hydrogen-in-low-middle-income-countries/) - green hydrogen, roadmap, West Balkans, Energy Community Secretariat, decarbonisation, hydrogen economics - [A whole system approach is critical for energy networks and regulators to support decarbonisation efforts](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/03/23/a-whole-system-approach-is-critical-for-energy-networks-and-regulators-to-support-decarbonisation-efforts/) - READ MORE - [Can markets work at net zero?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2022/09/01/can-markets-work-at-net-zero/) - With progress towards net zero, many believe that we are in a post market world for electricity delivery. With the marginal plant regularly being... - [Dangui Xu](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/01/dangui-xu/) - [et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” inner_width=”auto” inner_max_width=”1170px”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_size=”initial” width=”80%” max_width=”1170px”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ custom_padding__hover=”|||” custom_padding=”|||”][et_pb_text use_border_color=”off” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_size=”initial” _builder_version=”4.17.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” - [A new addition to our ECA team in Athens](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/10/31/a-new-addition-to-our-eca-team-in-athens/) - We are pleased to welcome Iro Sala to ECA’s Athens office. Iro is an Analyst, who holds an MPhil in Economics from the University of Oxford, plus a BSc in Philosophy, Politics and Economics from King’s College London. She will initially work on international case studies regarding coal phase out policies, focusing on increasing flexibility - [A regulatory puzzle: Inflation, RAB and WACC](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/10/12/a-regulatory-puzzle-inflation-rab-and-wacc-2/) - Regulators often view the inflation of the Regulatory Asset Base (RAB), and the related choice of a real versus nominal Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), as modelling technicalities to be buried deep within spreadsheets. READ ECA'S INSIGHT HERE. - [ECA wins Best Economics Advisory Team 2021 award](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/10/05/eca-wins-best-economics-advisory-team-2021-award/) - We are delighted to have been declared winners of cfi’s Best Economics Advisory Team 2021. We would like to thank our clients who have nominated us for this award and look forward to continue supporting our clients in economic, regulatory and policy issues in the energy transition. The official announcement can be found here. - [Introducing our 3 new team members](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/09/29/introducing-our-3-new-team-members/) - We welcome 3 new team members to our London office. Will Wright, who has over 7 years’ experience as a research economist and economic and strategy consultant, focusing on decarbonising energy systems covering system planning, government and corporate strategy; Alex Hughes, who will be researching international case studies for a larger renewable energy supply chain - [Energy sector financial reform in Lao People’s Democratic Republic](https://www.eca-uk.com/2021/09/29/energy-sector-financial-reform-in-lao-peoples-democratic-republic/) - The World Bank has contracted ECA to analyse strategic options for reforming Lao PDR's power market, to improve its financial performance. This includes development of new policy, regulations, and institutional frameworks across a range of topics, including tariff regulation, procurement of exports and imports, and third party access. - [West Balkan hydrogen strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ndc-implementation-zimbabwe/) - ECA was appointed by the Energy Community Secretariat to assess the potential and viability of different technologies for producing, transporting and deploying hydrogen in the Contracting Parties of the Energy Community, with a focus on the gas, electricity and industrial sectors, as well as potential opportunities for integration with EU markets. - [Egypt gas pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/egypt-gas-pricing/) - ECA worked with the Government of Egypt to help establish a consistent approach to manage the process of fuel subsidy reforms over the next five-year period, including specific components on communications and social protection. The key issue for this study was identifying the principles of gas pricing and how they should be applied over time - [Feasibility studies for water supply and sanitation services for urban low income areas in Yemen](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/feasibility-studies-for-water-supply-and-sanitation-services-for-urban-low-income-areas-yemen/) - Private investment is being supported by out-based grants from the Global Partnership for Output Based Aid (GPOBA). ECA was responsible for overall project design and preparation of OBA Commitment Paper. - [Egypt gas flaring regulations, Egypt](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/gas-transmission-and-distribution-regulation-israel-2/) - ECA advised the Government of Egypt on a suitable regulatory framework to reduce associated petroleum gas (APG) flaring and venting levels at upstream production sites. - [Assessment of sustainable energy investment potential, Egypt](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/assessment-of-sustainable-energy-investment-potential-egypt/) - ECA prepared a Report for the EBRD, assessing the electricity and gas regulatory and market frameworks with the aim of benchmarking them against international standards (particularly the EU), providing a clear analysis of the progress of reform and identifying gaps as well as future reform needs. - [Power sector reform strategy, Egypt](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/power-sector-reform-strategy-egypt/) - Egypt wanted to learn from the experience of comparator countries in developing a transitional road map to a competitive electricity market. The objective of this consultancy was to provide the Government with information on the experience of relevant international comparator countries to inform Egyptian thinking on two policy issues that required urgent definition: the road - [Regulatory and market assessment of the electricity and gas sectors, Egypt](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/regulatory-and-market-assessment-of-the-electricity-and-gas-sectors-egypt/) - ECA prepared a Report for the EBRD, assessing the electricity and gas regulatory and market frameworks with the aim of benchmarking them against international standards (particularly the EU), providing a clear analysis of the progress of reform and identifying gaps as well as future reform needs. - [Benefits of electricity interconnection and trade, Black Sea ](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/benefits-of-electricity-interconnection-and-trade-black-sea/) - ECA conducted a scoping study of the economic and other benefits of increased trade among the countries bordering the Black Sea and export to Western Europe. - [Unbundling options for transmission and storage system operation, Ukraine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/02/02/unbundling-options-for-transmission-and-storage-system-operation-ukraine/) - The aim of this assignment was to support the Government of Ukraine and Naftogaz with assessing the unbundling options for the transmission and storage business lines and developing a feasible and reasonable implementation plan for the restructuring model that the Government was to choose based on the assessment. This evaluation entailed ensuring conformity with the - [Performance based grant for gas heating infrastructure, Armenia ](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/13/performance-based-grant-for-gas-heating-infrastructure-armenia/) - ECA designed a grant scheme to help fund gas heating infrastructure for low income households living in urban multi-apartment buildings. - [Ukraine gas sector reform](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/13/ukraine-gas-sector-reform-2/) - The aim of this assignment was to support the Government of Ukraine and Naftogaz with assessing the unbundling options for the transmission and storage business lines, and to develop a feasible and reasonable implementation plan for the restructuring model. This evaluation entailed ensuring conformity with the EU’s 3rd energy package and other criteria, including the - [Vietnam LNG Policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/vietnam-lng-policy-3/) - ECA advised on a natural gas pricing framework in which liquefied natural gas (LNG) is purchased at market-linked prices and can be recovered at some point in the electricity supply chain. This would enable the gas sector overall to potentially triple in size while moving from the previous differentiated gas prices to a more unified - [Solar home system tariffs, Philippines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/solar-home-system-tariffs-philippines-3/) - This project, for the World Bank and Department of Energy, followed on from a previous assignment developing an institutional and regulatory framework for a large-scale SHS electrification programme within the Philippines. The programme will be delivered on a fee-for-service basis by rural electric cooperatives (ECs). The project involved the design of the regulated tariffs to - [Energy sector assessment, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/energy-sector-assessment-indonesia/) - ECA was part of a team that drafted an energy 'white paper', identifying key energy sector policies and targets, as an input to the national five-year development plan 2020-24. The white paper covers all aspects of the value chain and provides an example of evidence-based policymaking to enhance future policy design. - [Financial and economic analysis of solar park in Cambodia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/financial-and-economic-analysis-of-solar-park-in-cambodia/) - Electricite du Cambodge (EDC) wanted to investigate the potential viability of a 100 MW solar park project, to be developed as an IPP selling to EDC. ADB conducted a pre-feasibility study and subsequently supported EDC in moving to a full due diligence and design of the transaction. ECA was responsible for preliminary financial and the - [Setting tariffs for rural electricity cooperatives, Bangladesh](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/setting-tariffs-for-rural-electricity-cooperatives-bangladesh/) - ECA assisted the Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board in the application to rural electricity cooperatives of the tariff methodology issued by the Bangladesh Electricity Regulatory Commission. This included development of tariff models for all 80 cooperatives and their transfer to BREB along with recommendations on enhancements to the BERC methodology. - [Gas tariff review, Thailand](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/gas-tariff-review-thailand/) - ECA analysed the impacts of changing tariff methodologies and assessed the appropriate wholesale and retail margins. This included financial modelling of the resulting revenues and prices and a comparison of outcomes under alternative methodologies. - [Vietnam transmission pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/vietnam-transmission-pricing-2/) - ECA supported ERAV in its review of transmission pricing, including an assessment of current arrangements, recommendations on improvements drawing on international best practice and the calculation of new example transmission charges. - [Domestic private sector participation in small town water supplies, Philippines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/domestic-private-sector-participation-in-small-town-water-supplies-philippines/) - ECA led an international study to develop operating procedures and guidance note for developing countries and World Bank task team leaders on how to support public institutions in effectively engaging local private sector to deliver water and sanitation services, especially to the poor in rural growth centres and small towns. An in-depth case study of - [Indonesia gas masterplan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/indonesia-gas-masterplan/) - The project developed a new gas development master plan (GDMP) which serves as a guide to the necessary infrastructure investments required over the period to 2025. Given the uncertainty over supply sources and future prices and, hence, demand for gas, the project looked at a number of scenarios for the future market. - [Electricity tariff regulations, Myanmar](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/electricity-tariff-regulations-myanmar/) - ECA was responsible for drafting the Electricity Tariff Regulations which govern all on-grid tariffs. The regulations were prepared over a four-month period working intensively with the Ministry of Electric Power. - [Singapore gas tariff methodology](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/singapore-gas-tariff-methodology/) - ECA examined the economic arguments for continuing with the existing locational methodology or switching to a postage-stamp methodology. Conducted quantitative analysis of the impacts of alternative methodologies on major individual gas shippers and users. Proposed suitable transition mechanisms to mitigate these impacts if a change in methodology was to be implemented. - [Development of water supply investment and service improvement framework, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/development-of-water-supply-investment-and-service-improvement-framework-indonesia/) - The objective of this assignment was to develop a framework to be used by the Government of Indonesia to improve urban water service provisions through efficient allocation of available sources of finance for the sector to appropriate investment or service improvement projects. The framework includes an incentive based investment grants that are accompanied by technical - [Advisory services on the competitive electricity market, Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/advisory-services-on-the-competitive-electricity-market-vietnam/) - ECA worked as an integral part of the market design team of the Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam on the transition to a wholesale competitive electricity market. The range of advice provided was wide-ranging including market design, reviews of draft rules and regulations, identifying accompanying industry restructuring requirements and developing capacity-building programmes for participants. - [Electricity tariffs and incentive based regulation, Malaysia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/electricity-tariffs-and-incentive-based-regulation-malaysia/) - The Malaysian electricity regulator, Suruhanjaya Tenaga (ST), sought consulting advice to evaluate the effectiveness of its incentive based regulation mechanism and to review tariff submissions by TNB, the monopoly electricity utility in Peninsular Malaysia. ECA’s work included auditing TNB’s performance during the preceding three years, reviewing TNB’s submissions on future costs of service, developing a - [Postal sector regulatory review, Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/12/27/postal-sector-regulatory-review-papua-new-guinea/) - ECA reviewed competition in the postal sector, surveyed recent international experience, evaluated different regulatory options and drafted a new price monitoring framework. - [Regulatory support in gas tariff submission, Australia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/12/27/regulatory-support-in-gas-tariff-submission-australia/) - Jemena Gas Networks had to prepare its five-yearly price submission to the Australian Energy Regulator. ECA provided assistance with this, in particular in reviewing Jemena’s suite of regulatory models. - [Development of a grid code, Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/12/28/development-of-a-grid-code-papua-new-guinea/) - We reviewed third party access models internationally, drafted a third party access code (based on the recommended model), developed accompanying pricing models, drafted a grid code and provided capacity building and training. - [Transmission network development plan, Fiji](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/12/28/transmission-network-development-plan-fiji/) - Energy Fiji Limited and European Investment Bank (EIB) sought assistance to prepare a plan for the development of the transmission network on Viti Levu, Fiji's main island. ECA filled the roles of transmission planner and economic/financial expert, whom prepared a least cost development plan and then helped prepare tender documents for the identified priority projects. - [Third party access regulations and pricing, Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/12/29/third-party-access-regulations-and-pricing-papua-new-guinea/) - ECA reviewed third party access models internationally, drafted a third party access code (based on the recommended model), developed accompanying pricing models, drafted a grid code and provided capacity building and training. - [Preparation of the national energy policy, Fiji](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/preparation-of-the-national-energy-policy-fiji/) - The Government of Fiji has asked ECA to undertake a review of the national energy policy and to recommend possible legislative changes to facilitate the future of the energy sector. This will entail improving reliability and access to energy supplies, to strengthen the regulatory framework in the energy sector and mainstreaming energy across sectors to - [Electrification master plan, Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/11/15/electrification-master-plan-papua-new-guinea/) - ECA prepared an investment prospectus and implementation arrangements for the national electrification roll-out plan to PNG’s target of 70% access by 2030. - [Review of long term power market scenario in Australia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/review-of-long-term-power-market-scenario-in-australia/) - The project involved reviewing the long term electricity demand and price scenarios constructed by the client for their long term view of the Australian power market and planning for new investment. ECA reviewed the power market scenario model and also the investment evaluation model, as well as making detailed analyses and comments on the scenario - [Electricity tariffs, Fiji](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/electricity-tariffs-fiji/) - Fiji passed a new Electricity Act, which directs the corporatisation of the electricity utility and the adoption of a more rigorous and transparent method of setting electricity tariffs. Through Asian Development Bank funding, ECA undertook a cost of service study that formed a key input to future tariff determinations. The study helped stakeholders understand the - [Guidelines for private investment in renewables, Pacific Island Countries](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/guidelines-for-private-investment-in-renewables-pacific-island-countries/) - On behalf of IFC, ECA prepared a step-by-step guide to investing in renewable electricity in the Pacific, focusing on Fiji, PNG, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu. The guide included the current state of renewables, the potential for investment, regulatory barriers, and the specific steps for private sector investment. - [Australia gas valuation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/australia-gas-valuation/) - ECA acted as expert witnessed in an arbitration case regarding the taxation of natural gas. The team’s role was to price intermediary gas competitively at various points between the offshore extraction point and onshore connection point and critique an existing netback valuation. The resulting intermediary competitive gas valuations were used to estimate tax liabilities of - [Performance framework for state-owned enterprises (SOEs), Bhutan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/performance-framework-for-state-owned-enterprises-soes-bhutan/) - The project was one of several commissioned by DHI to review and improve the existing performance contracts between DHI, as the ‘owner’, and the management of major state-owned enterprises (SOEs). - [Renewable energy development, Mongolia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/renewable-energy-development-mongolia/) - The objective of the project was to assist Energy Regulatory Agency (ERA) in preparing a roadmap for the development of renewable energy in Mongolia. The roadmap set out the regulatory measures needed to develop renewables in Mongolia in an economic and affordable manner. - [Network infrastructure regulatory development, Kazakhstan ](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/network-infrastructure-regulatory-development-kazakhstan/) - On behalf of Agency for the Regulation of Natural Monopolies (AREM), ECA reviewed the approaches to regulation of the power and heat sectors, plus the overall institutional and legal framework for the regulation of natural monopolies. This included an assessment of the effectiveness of the existing processes used and a comparison of methodologies applied against - [Energy and water regulator, Kyrgyz Republic](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/energy-and-water-regulator-kyrgyz-republic/) - ECA led the assignment to set up a utility regulator in the Kyrgyz Republic. Our team was responsible for drafting the work programme, regulations and procedures relating to funding requirements, complaint handling, stakeholder engagement in regulatory decision-making, licence fee regulations, public consultation procedures, complaint handling and performance incentives. - [Power sector reform, Nepal](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/13/power-sector-reform-nepal/) - ECA reviewed of the electricity market in Nepal with a particular focus on the arrangements necessary to allow Nepal to develop hydropower for export to India and Bangladesh. - [PPPs in Afghanistan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/13/ppps-in-afghanistan/) - ECA created an enabling framework to enable and promote private sector participation in the delivery of core and social infrastructure services; and evaluated and prioritized projects suitable to be implemented as PPP projects. - [Options for scaling up non-utility/non-piped water services](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/21/options-for-scaling-up-non-utility-non-piped-water-services/) - ECA worked with the World Bank to deepen its understanding of viable models for providing non-utility/non-piped water services to urban areas of cities in developing countries across the world. The assignment examined the roles of technological innovations and responsive, balanced regulatory frameworks, while also drawing parallels from energy and other comparable sectors. - [Restructuring water-wastewater tariffs, Lebanon](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/restructuring-water-wastewater-tariffs-lebanon/) - ECA assisted Oxfam in Lebanon in the development of a framework for introducing consumption-based water and wastewater tariffs. Recommendations were based on case studies from national, regional, and global experience in strategies towards water tariff restructuring. - [Ofwat regulatory support](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/21/ofwat-regulatory-support/) - ECA staff were seconded to Ofwat during its PR19 price control to support two specific areas: the development of a financial incentive for England and Wales water companies to improve customer service, and the analysis of sector-wide company performance as part of the compilation of the industry Service Delivery Report. - [Water company cost of capital and financial performance analysis, UK](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/uk-water-company-cost-of-capital-analysis-4/) - ECA has provided advice to the Consumer Council for Water over several years on two topics related to water company performance and pricing. The first has addressed the appropriate weighted average cost of capital for the water companies, in planning for Ofwat’s PR14 and PR19 5-year regulatory periods. The second has been the development of - [Worldwide analysis of water and sanitation tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/10/21/worldwide-analysis-of-water-and-sanitation-tariffs/) - ECA drafted 15 discussion papers on water supply and sanitation (WSS) tariffs for the World Bank’s water sector specialists. The papers provide detailed guidance to advisors and policymakers on pricing WSS services to best attain the often-competing goals of the sector, covering all common types of continuous service provision within each sub-sector (eg, urban, peri-urban, - [Electrification prospectus, Nigeria](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/nigeria-electrification-prospectus-2/) - The work involved a review of the readiness of the institutions to implement the proposed electrification roll-out; an assessment of the enabling framework for electrification; recommendations on targeted subsidies in support of the programme; and drafting of the financing prospectus. - [Gas development plan, Lebanon](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/lebanon-gas-development-plan-3/) - In preparation of the first licensing round of offshore petroleum licences, ECA supported the Lebanese Petroleum Administration in its development of a gas masterplan. Our team reviewed existing gas demand projections, calculated netback prices, proposed a feasible infrastructure development plan on the basis of economic analyses of pipelines and LNG options, assessed a suitable gas - [Integrated resource plan, Malawi](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/malawi-integrated-resource-plan-2/) - Preparation of a power development plan for Malawi taking account of both supply side investments and demand-side measures. Malawi’s power system is dominated by hydropower and it has the potential to trade electricity with neighbouring countries in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP). - [Geothermal policy, legal and regulatory framework, Uganda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/uganda-geothermal-policy-legal-and-regulatory-framework-2/) - Assistance to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, in addressing the policy and regulatory barriers for geothermal energy development with a view to attract geothermal investment in terms of PPP and Independent Power Producers (IPP). - [Geothermal power purchase agreements, Ethiopia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ethiopia-geothermal-power-purchase-agreements-2/) - Ethiopia is beginning the process of contracting with IPPs to provide electricity from geothermal and requires a model PPA as a basis for contract negotiation, as well as capacity building in negotiation and understanding the risk allocation issue. ECA assisted by developing the model PPA with workshop presentations and advice on negotiation positions. - [Renewable energy strategy, Botswana](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/botswana-renewable-energy-strategy-3/) - The RES study undertaken by a team led by ECA focussed on the potential for utility-scale solar power to contribute to Botswana’s power generation mix. The strategy included recommendations on policy and the legal, institutional and regulatory architecture to facilitate the envisaged contribution of renewables to power generation. The study included a significant training component - [Urban air quality, Mongolia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/mongolia-urban-air-quality/) - ECA supported an ADB team in the preparation of a policy-based loan for improving air quality in Ulaanbaatar. Policies supported under the loan included replacing raw coal burning by households with improved fuels and electric heaters and accompanying community engagement activities. - [National renewable energy action plan, Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/montenegro-national-renewable-energy-action-plan-2/) - ECA provided legal, regulatory and economic advice to the Ministry of Economy, focussing on support in development of the National Renewable Energy Action Plan for submission to the EU under the Energy Community Treaty. This included development of forecast trajectories and modelling of impacts. - [Gas transit agreement, Georgia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/27/georgia-gas-transit-agreement/) - ECA advised the Georgian government in relation to the negotiation of a gas transit agreement. The pipeline connects a gas field off the coast of Azerbaijan with the Turkish gas transmission system, passing through Azerbaijan and Georgia. ECA was actively involved in the negotiation process, advising on the economic and financial aspects of the transit - [IPP due diligence, Ghana](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ghana-ipp-due-diligence/) - Commercial due diligence study for in a proposed gas-fired IPP in Ghana. ECA prepared projections of the operation and costs of the power plants supplying the electricity market and assessed the revenues required by the transmission/distribution off-taker to satisfy future demand for the next 20 years. This included the impact on electricity tariffs and an - [Gas sector restructuring, Pakistan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/pakistan-gas-sector-restructuring-2/) - Pakistan is in the process of introducing LNG and providing greater incentives for increased domestic gas production. ECA led a team assessing the potential impacts on customers of the entry of higher-priced new gas supplies and how these can be best managed while still ensuring the creditworthiness of counterparties for new gas supply agreements. The - [Electricity load forecast, Oman](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/oman-electricity-load-forecast/) - Development of a model for forecasting electricity demand disaggregated to the level of primary substation. The model is to be used by the planning department in Mazoon Electricity Company’s HQ. - [Electricity forward markets and liquidity, Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ireland-electricity-forward-markets-and-liquidity-2/) - Project to support the national regulatory authorities in Ireland (CER and NIAUR) on implementation of financial transmission rights to replace physical rights on interconnectors with GB in the new design of the single electricity market for Ireland (I-SEM) and to consider measures to promote liquidity in financial forward products within the market. - [CCGT revenue projections, Israel](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/israel-ccgt-revenue-projections/) - ECA supported a project developer in assessing the commercial feasibility of a 500 MW gas fired power plant. This was done by applying our inhouse electricity dispatch model Wairoa. We projected electricity prices and calculated capacity factors for CCGT and OCGT units. - [Intraday market rules, Ukraine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ukraine-intraday-market-rules/) - Ukraine, as a member of the Energy Community, is reforming its electricity sector to implement the EU Target Model. One element is implementation of rules for an intraday market to operate continuously from the closure of the day ahead market until the balancing mechanism takes over. This project is to develop detailed market rules compliant - [Electricity tariff design, Jamaica](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/jamaica-electricity-tariff-design/) - ECA was contracted by Office of Utilities Regulation (OUR) in Jamaica to provide expert advice on tariff designs for the electricity sector. - [Water company cost of capital analysis, UK](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/uk-water-company-cost-of-capital-analysis-3/) - ECA was contracted to advise the Consumer Council for Water on the appropriate cost of capital for the water companies in the 5-year regulatory period of Ofwat’s price review. ECA’s analysis focused on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and the recent financial performance of the companies. - [Mini-grid regulatory framework development, Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/kenya-mini-grid-regulatory-framework-development-2/) - ECA, in association with engineering firm Trama TecnoAmbiental, worked with the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum and other sector stakeholders to consolidate and develop a comprehensive policy and regulatory framework for mini-grid development in Kenya. This included analysis of business models, tariffs and financing (and the requirement for subsidies), technical guidelines, legal requirements and procurement. - [Electricity network pricing, Northern Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/northern-ireland-electricity-network-pricing/) - The objective of the assignment, for the Utility Regulator of Northern Ireland, was to identify and model the impact of network charges and their impact across different customer groups in different jurisdictions (Republic of Ireland, Great Britain and Northern Ireland) in order to aid policy debate in relation to tariffs and associated levies. - [Electricity sector planning, Peru](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/peru-electricity-sector-planning/) - ECA participated in this study by providing international best practice insights of the structuring and organisation of energy planning. We assessed the structure of the planning process and its governance in the UK, Brazil, Colombia and Chile, with particular emphasis on the distribution of planning responsibilities among public entities and the participation of market participants - [Electricity reform, Egypt](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/egypt-electricity-reform-2/) - Egypt wanted to learn from the experience of comparator countries in developing a transitional road map to a competitive electricity market. The objective of this consultancy was to provide the Government of Egypt with a rapid digest of the experience of a handful of relevant international comparator countries to inform Egyptian thinking on two policy - [Electricity sector review, Bulgaria](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/bulgaria-electricity-sector-review-3/) - Following the major crisis in Bulgaria’s power sector, which was a prime factor in the collapse of the Government of Bulgaria in 2013, ECA was contracted by the World Bank at the request of the caretaker government to review the major problems in the power sector and provide policy advice. - [Electricity market settlement rules, Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ireland-electricity-market-settlement-rules/) - ECA supported the Irish regulators in their approval of the tariff methodologies for System Services in the new market. The focus was on the rules determining availability payments of eligible generators. The team modelled potential inefficiencies in the rules and suggested potential changes. - [Price control review analysis, UK](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/uk-price-control-review-analysis-2/) - ECA helped with a non-standard price review for Ofgem, to consider the issues arising from government policy for the comprehensive introduction of smart meters for gas and electricity to UK households for the dominant provider of traditional gas meters. - [LNG market review, Turkey](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/turkey-lng-market-review-2/) - ECA reviewed the potential size of the market for LNG in Turkey. This required an assessment of the future demand and supply balance, recognising the uncertainties created by Russia’s recent decisions to redirect gas exports through Turkey, the likely price levels and the competitiveness of LNG compared to pipeline imports from Russia, Central Asia and - [LPG market assessment, Ghana](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ghana-lpg-market-assessment-2/) - Support to the Global LPG Partnership and the Government of Ghana in analysis and recommendations regarding the key supply and demand drivers to achieve the national LPG access and use goals. The work provided detailed recommendations to the Ghana Government for realising the national LPG goals. - [Gas flaring regulatory framework, Mexico](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/mexico-gas-flaring-regulatory-framework-2/) - The objective of this study was to assist Comisión Nacional de Hidrocarburos in developing a suitable regulatory framework and oversight mechanisms to minimise gas flaring and venting in Mexico. - [Gas transmission tariffs, Northern Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/northern-ireland-gas-transmission-tariffs-2/) - Northern Ireland must introduce the EU network codes by 2017 but must also manage the transitional period until then. ECA was engaged to support on a broad range of regulatory and pricing issues. ECA was asked to provide specialised consultancy support to assist the utility regulator to develop spreadsheet modelling to assist with the development - [LNG site options, Myanmar](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/myanmar-lng-site-options-3/) - ECA supported MJM Energy in a rapid assessment of alternative sites for a proposed LNG receiving terminal in Myanmar. The country faces severe shortfalls in domestic gas production relative to its rapidly growing demand driven by economic development and increasing electrification. ECA focused on the assessment of the market for LNG and on the potential - [Gas Pricing principles and market reforms, Egypt](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/egypt-gas-pricing-principles-and-market-reforms-2/) - ECA worked with the Government of Egypt to help establish a consistent approach to manage the process of fuel subsidy reforms over a 5-year period, including specific components on communications and social protection. The key issue for this study was identifying the principles of gas pricing and how they should be applied over time as - [Onsite sanitation service delivery model and business plan, Zambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/zambia-onsite-sanitation-service-delivery-model-and-business-plan-2/) - The Sanitation Corporation (LWSC) wanted to develop a business plan for onsite sanitation services and faecal sludge management (FSM). ECA led the political economy assessment, conducted financial analysis and developed a financial model for different types of FSM business models, plus contributed to the market design and recommendation of FSM business model and to the - [Sanitation regulation and tariffs, Zambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/zambia-sanitation-regulation-and-tariffs-2/) - ECA, together with Trémolet Consulting, worked with NWASCO to develop a strategy for regulating sanitation services in Zambia. - [Strengthening public finances in urban sanitation, Mozambique](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/strengthening-public-finances-in-urban-sanitation/) - ECA supported Aguaconsult and WSUP of the UK in a review of the pricing for sanitation services provided by municipalities in Mozambique. Following a review of the existing model, ECA developed a new model that was more fit for purpose, and provided support to the handover and training of personnel from CRA, the water and - [Cubango-Okavango River Basin investment opportunity analysis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/cubango-okavango-river-basin-investment-opportunity-analysis/) - Building on past studies for the basin organisation OKACOM, this study sought to determine a pathway to meet the national development needs and poverty reduction objectives of the member states (Angola, Namibia and Botswana), without compromising the ecosystem services of the basin and diminishing the global value of the Okavango Delta. The study involved developing - [Water and wastewater tariffs, Saudi Arabia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/saudi-arabia-water-and-wastewater-tariffs/) - ECA and PWC undertook a major study to propose a new regulatory framework and new tariffs for water/sewerage services to the Electricity and Cogeneration Regulatory Authority. ECA's inputs included preparing a new incentive-based regulatory framework, modelling costs and flows across multiple sector entities and value chains, calculating a revenue requirement for the next four years, - [Head and Shoulders – how to ensure sufficient capacity at all times](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/12/15/head-and-shoulders/) - Market Brief / Putting out the fire: The difficulties facing new CCGT plants in the UK In November the UK government announced its target of closing all coal fired generators by 2025, becoming the first major economy to put a date on shutting coal plants. Instead, the... READ MORE - [Urban water in Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/09/17/urban-water-africa/) - Urban water in Africa – a new approach for the poor to have access to clean water without having to pay more than the rich In many developing countries, those who have piped water into their homes are a privileged elite. Not only is the quality of service much.. READ MORE - [Vietnam LNG policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/01/08/vietnam-lng-policy/) - Vietnam has growing energy needs and is contemplating the development of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) infrastructure. ECA is advising on a natural gas pricing framework in which liquefied natural gas (LNG) is purchased at market-linked prices and can be recovered at some point in the electricity supply chain, plus LNG import infrastructure costs would - [National integrated resource plan for the Namibia electricity sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/06/10/national-integrated-resource-plan-for-the-namibia-electricity-sector/) - The Ministry of Mines and Energy in Namibia has awarded ECA a contract to prepare a new national integrated resource plan for the electricity sector. The work will use Wairoa, ECA’s power system dispatch model. Wairoa is a New Zealand Maori word meaning waterfall. - [ECA report on distributed generation in Southern Africa published by the IFC](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/06/11/eca-report-on-distributed-generation-in-southern-africa-published-by-the-ifc/) - The IFC has published a report written by ECA reviewing electricity tariffs and frameworks for distributed generation in six Southern African countries (Botswana, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe), focused on the commercial and industrial sectors. Frameworks to promote distributed generation are at different levels of development and implementation across the six countries; net - [ECA lead investment planning expert presenting on approaches for Integrated Resource Planning in Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/06/17/eca-lead-investment-planning-expert-presenting-on-approaches-for-integrated-resource-planning-in-africa/) - ECA lead investment planning expert, Grigorios Varympopiotis, was invited to present and be one of the panellists in the Integrated Resource Planning for a Sustainable and Cleaner Africa Energy Future Webinar organised by Energy Exemplar. Grigorios presented the main aspects of an Integrated Resource Plan, unravelled the areas where Integrated Resource Planning is necessary and - [ECA completes multi-year regulatory support assignment for Albania’s gas TSO](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/06/18/eca-completes-multi-year-regulatory-support-assignment-for-albanias-gas-tso/) - ECA just concluded a multi year capacity building project funded by EBRD for the Albanian gas TSO, Albgaz, by conducting a 2-day online workshop on the implementation of the gas transmission tariff regulations. Over the last two days, Fred Beelitz, Scott Edmonds and Richard Holcroft presented our views and recommendations on allowed revenue methodologies and - [Review of Jamaica Public Services business plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/07/02/review-of-jamaica-public-services-business-plan/) - ECA has been contracted by the regulator in Jamaica to help review the business plan of the national utility (Jamaica Public Services Ltd) as part of the multi-year tariff review process. - [World Bank publishes study on private investment in the power sector of Sub-Saharan Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/07/02/world-bank-publishes-study-on-private-investment-in-the-power-sector-of-sub-saharan-africa/) - Our study on attracting private investment in the power sector of Sub-Saharan Africa has been published! ECA collaborated with The World Bank and Cambridge University to survey 51 investors across the region. Based on survey responses, we were able to identify bottlenecks faced by investors in specific countries and segments of the power sector. The - [East Africa - energy solutions for displacement settings](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/07/08/east-africa-energy-solutions-for-displacement-settings/) - GIZ have awarded ECA with a contract that covers two key working packages under the Energy Solutions For Displacement Settings project that seeks to address the lack of sustainable energy supply in refugee hosting areas in Uganda, Kenya, and Ethiopia. ECA will be developing an excel-based template financial model that serves GIZ (and others) to - [Small scale renewable energy legal framework for Armenia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/07/08/small-scale-renewable-energy-legal-framework-for-armenia/) - ECA has been contracted by the EBRD to assist the Armenian authorities improve their enabling legislative and regulatory framework for small-scale renewable energy in the commercial sector drawing on our extensive international experience from similar assignments around the world. - [Cost‑of‑service and tariff design study for Lebanon](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/07/13/cost‑of‑service-and-tariff-design-study-for-lebanon/) - The World Bank has published ECA’s Cost‑of‑Service and Tariff Design Study for Lebanon. The study provides a background of the electricity sector in Lebanon and estimates the current and future costs of the sector in order to inform reform plans that are needed to recover the sector financial viability. See the report HERE - [Desk analysis of water and sanitation tariffs for World Bank](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/07/22/desk-analysis-of-water-and-sanitation-tariffs-for-world-bank/) - ECA has been engaged by the World Bank to conduct a study on the various issues and topics concerning water and sanitation tariffs. The results of this study will be a series of Background Papers on topics such as principles of tariff regulation, water and sanitatio tariff design and structure, polictical economy and tariff affordability. - [Ethiopia least cost generation planning](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/05/29/ethiopia-least-cost-generation-planning/) - May, 2020 - ECA is supporting the Ethiopian generation utility update their least cost development plan... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Locking down – the energy sector and coronavirus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/05/07/eca-viewpoint-locking-down-the-energy-sector-and-coronavirus/) - May, 2020 - Lockdown measures in countries affected by the novel coronavirus have become near-universal. The economic impacts are devastating, particularly for... READ MORE - [Templates and guidelines for regional water supply and PPP scheme in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/05/06/templates-and-guidelines-for-regional-water-supply-and-ppp-scheme-in-indonesia/) - May, 2020 - ECA has been selected to develop template and guidelines to be used in regional water supply and PPP scheme in water supply in Indonesia... READ MORE - [End-use energy efficiency policy for North Macedonia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/05/06/end-use-energy-efficiency-policy-for-north-macedonia/) - May, 2020 - New primary Law on Energy Efficiency, North Macedonia is developing its end-use energy efficiency policy in compliance with Article 7 of Energy Efficiency Directive... READ MORE - [ECA presented in World Bank’s Indonesia Sustainable Development and Infrastructure BBL Series](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/04/29/eca-presented-in-world-banks-indonesia-sustainable-development-and-infrastructure-bbl-series/) - Apr, 2020 - ECA Director Peter Robinson, and Senior Consultant Tatiana Tumenggung, recently made a presentation... READ MORE - [ECA provides training on green mini-grids in the Gambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/04/16/eca-provides-training-on-green-mini-grids-in-the-gambia/) - Apr, 2020 - ECA was commissioned by the Gambian Ministry of Energy and Petroleum to deliver a... READ MORE - [ERRA publishes ECA report on allowed revenue methodologies for electricity networks](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/04/15/erra-publishes-eca-report-on-allowed-revenue-methodologies-for-electricity-networks/) - Apr, 2020 - ECA was recently engaged by the Energy Regulators Regional Association (ERRA) to investigate... READ MORE - [Greece RAE Allowed revenue methodology for electricity distribution](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/04/01/greece-rae-allowed-revenue-methodology-for-electricity-distribution/) - Apr, 2020 - ECA has been appointed by the Greek energy regulator, RAE, to review and update the allowed revenue methodology... READ MORE - [Capacity building support to Ukraine on Energy Efficiency Obligation scheme design](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/03/30/capacity-building-support-to-ukraine-on-energy-efficiency-obligation-scheme-design/) - Mar, 2020 - ECA has been contracted by the Energy Community Secretariat to provide capacity building training for the... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Coping with load shedding when forecasting power demand](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/03/30/eca-viewpoint-coping-with-load-shedding-when-forecasting-power-demand/) - Mar, 2020 - Conventional load forecasting techniques start from the premise that the current demand of customers connected to the power grid is... READ MORE - [ECA delivers workshop on Energy Efficiency Financing Mechanisms in the Energy Community](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/03/18/eca-delivers-workshop-on-energy-efficiency-financing-mechanisms-in-the-energy-community/) - Mar, 2020 - ECA lead a workshop on Centralised Energy Efficiency Financing Mechanisms for the Energy Community’s Energy Efficiency Coordination Group (EECG)... READ MORE - [Mongolia clean energy plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/03/05/mongolia-clean-energy-plan/) - Mar, 2020 - ECA is assisting the Ministry of Energy in Mongolia, under Asian Development Bank funding, to develop a strategy to deliver clean heating to... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Will energy trading with Europe stop after the Brexit transition?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/02/13/eca-viewpoint-will-energy-trading-with-europe-stop-after-the-brexit-transition/) - Feb, 2020 - With the Brexit transition phase due to end on 31st December 2020, what will happen to energy trades with Ireland and Continental Europe... READ MORE - [ECA offsets 300 tonnes of CO2 by funding restoration of peatlands in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/02/06/eca-offsets-300-tonnes-of-co2-by-funding-restoration-of-peatlands-in-indonesia/) - Feb, 2020 - We are happy to announce that ECA with the support of ecospehereplus is offsetting 300 tonnes of... READ MORE - [Publication of SEM market model in Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/02/06/publication-of-sem-market-model-in-ireland/) - Feb, 2020 - Following ECA's appointment by the Regulating Authorities, we are pleased to announce the publication of... READ MORE - [ECA contributing to regional electricity regulation in East Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/02/05/eca-contributing-to-regional-electricity-regulation-in-east-africa/) - Feb, 2020 - In East Africa, major investments in hydropower, geothermal and other forms of generation are taking place... READ MORE - [Policy guidelines for energy efficiency financing mechanisms](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/01/23/policy-guidelines-for-energy-efficiency-financing-mechanisms/) - Jan, 2020 - Energy Efficiency Funds and financing mechanisms may be structured in various ways dependent on their funding source... READ MORE - [Power sector investments in the Pacific to improve climate resilience](https://www.eca-uk.com/2020/01/09/power-sector-investments-in-the-pacific-to-improve-climate-resilience/) - Jan, 2020 - ECA, in partnership with SMEC, has been contracted by the Pacific Power Association... READ MORE - [ECA to determine the cost of service of electricity in the Solomon Islands](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/12/31/eca-to-determine-the-cost-of-service-of-electricity-in-the-solomon-islands/) - Dec, 2019 - ECA will begin the new year by determining the economic and financial cost of electricity supply... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint – Cities and municipalities at the forefront of the energy transition](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/12/16/eca-viewpoint-cities-and-municipalities-at-the-forefront-of-the-energy-transition/) - Dec, 2019 - Chile was an exemplar to the world in its introduction of liberalised power markets in the 1980s, even before the UK... READ MORE - [ECA advises NAWEC on a Gambia power sector development plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/12/04/eca-advises-nawec-on-a-gambia-power-sector-development-plan/) - Dec, 2019 - ECA is to advise the National Water and Electricity Company Limited (NAWEC) on the development of... READ MORE - [ECA to advise Government of Moldova on gas security of supply](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/22/eca-to-advise-government-of-moldova-on-gas-security-of-supply/) - Nov, 2019 - ECA is advising the Government of Moldova on its gas supply and gas contract options... READ MORE - [Middle East gas market expert witness](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/middle-east-gas-market-expert-witness/) - ECA provided expert witness advice in an international arbitration case on the potential of gas export volumes and pricing levels in a country in the Middle East. Issues of particular relevance were the assessments of offtake markets, price levels and damage claim valuations, export licencing conditions, export and domestic infrastructure assessments and reviews of existing - [Electricity cost of service study, Lebanon](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/electricity-cost-of-service-study-lebanon/) - Study on behalf of the Ministry of Energy and Electricite du Liban (EDL) to help identify the tariff levels necessary to recover EDL's costs and lower the levels of support needed from the Government, and to advise on tariff designs. The focus was particularly on a path of cost efficiency improvements and improved supply reliability - [Gas transmission and distribution regulation, Israel](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/gas-transmission-and-distribution-regulation-israel-4/) - Advisory support was provided to the Natural Gas Authority to regulate and develop the transmission and distribution of natural gas in Israel. - [Support in negotiation of PPA](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/support-in-negotiation-of-ppa/) - ECA acted as commercial advisor to a national utility in negotiations over a power purchase agreement with a proposed 450 MW combined-cycle power plant. - [Wheeling charges, Jordan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/wheeling-charges-jordan/) - Recommendations on electricity network wheeling charges suitable to a competitive electricity market when such a market is created and, before then, to allow renewable energy generators to transport electricity to contracted consumers. - [Lebanon energy policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/lebanon-energy-policy-2/) - Developed an Energy Strategy for Lebanon covering power generation, gas sector development, energy efficiency and renewable energy strategy. Combining existing Government commitments, the ECA team provided a summarised policy highlighting and addressing the key challenges faced by the energy sector in Lebanon. - [Israel gas transmission tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/israel-gas-transmission-tariffs/) - Israel's Natural Gas Authority requested advice on the methodology for the Israeli transmission tariff model, taking into account that INGL must maintain certain coverage ratios in relation to its debentures and credit rating. This included a review of international methodologies and a calculation of the appropriate return for Israel’s TSO. - [Gas distribution and LPG regulation, Saudi Arabia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/gas-distribution-and-lpg-regulation-saudi-arabia/) - ECA was assigned to develop a high level regulatory framework and clear guidelines to guide the Saudi Government (KSA) all players and related entities in creating gas networks to supply residential consumers and in opening up the LPG distribution market to competition. The developed regulation was to clearly identify roles, responsibilities and functions of the - [Development of solar water heater (SWH) programme for Jordan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/development-of-solar-water-heater-swh-programme-for-jordan/) - As part of a framework contract for renewable energy and energy efficiency projects in the SEMED region, ECA developed a national plan for the integration of solar water heaters (SWH) in Jordan. The team recommended on the financial viability of SWH development and the level of subsidy requirements, on the economic viability of SWH dissemination - [Regional power dispatch model for the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/regional-power-dispatch-model-for-the-southern-african-power-pool-sapp/) - ECA adapted its WAIROA power system simulation/optimisation tool to provide IFC with a simplified version of the model to be used by IFC to scrutinise potential power sector investments in the 12 countries of the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP). - [Gas to power investments in Sub Saharan Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/gas-to-power-investments-in-sub-saharan-africa/) - We reviewed the power demand and generation expansion plans of all 47 Sub Saharan African (SSA) countries for use in a power dispatch model, utilised for estimating the demand for gas in power generation in each country through to 2035. A costing model was then used to compare the economics of transmitting power generated at - [Development of policy and regulatory framework for mini-grids, Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/development-of-policy-and-regulatory-framework-for-mini-grids-kenya/) - ECA worked closely with the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum and other sector stakeholders to consolidate and develop a comprehensive policy and regulatory framework for mini-grid development in Kenya. - [Cost of service and tariff study, Tanzania](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/cost-of-service-and-tariff-study-tanzania/) - ECA was engaged by the Energy and Water Utilities Regulatory Authority (EWURA) to develop a comprehensive electricity cost of service and tariff design study. The assignment also included recommendations on energy efficiency and time of use tariffs for future inclusion in the tariff structure, and a significant capacity-building component. - [Africa economic and institutional advisory services: power and mining in Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/africa-economic-and-institutional-advisory-services-power-and-mining-in-africa/) - The Africa Power & Mining study, for the World Bank, sought to investigate options for the mining sector to become more reliant on the national grid for its power needs, thereby opening up options for exploiting large generation options with economies of scale and strengthening the national transmission system. The goal is to reduce power - [Zambia sanitation regulation and tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/zambia-sanitation-regulation-and-tariffs/) - ECA worked with the water sector regulator, NWASCO, to develop a strategy for regulating sanitation services in Zambia. Both on site and sewered sanitation services were included in the recommendations, bringing NWASCO to the forefront of sanitation regulation. The project included a significant capacity-building component. - [Ghana gas masterplan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/ghana-gas-masterplan-3/) - We were appointed by the Government of Ghana to develop a national medium to long term gas strategy. This included recommendations on an optimised gas infrastructure plan, prioritised gas allocation across exports and domestic utilisation options and a suitable pricing, regulatory and institutional framework for implementation of the gas strategy. - [Solar power plant feasibility study in Namibia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/solar-power-plant-feasibility-study-in-namibia/) - ECA advised a private PV plant developer on the regulatory, market and commercial risks of an embedded PV generation unit associated with a large mine. The team modelled required revenues of the state owned utility, NamPower, on the basis of a power market simulation and varying power generation development scenarios. As part of the work, - [Rural electrification pre-feasibility studies in Mozambique](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/rural-electrification-pre-feasibility-studies-in-mozambique/) - ECA has been commissioned by DFID to conduct a prefeasibility study for the electrification of 30 off-grid sites in Mozambique. The results of the study will be used to provide recommendations regarding the most appropriate investment and operation model for off-grid systems across the Mozambican market. - [Lilongwe Water Board (LWB) tariff and willingness to pay study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/lilongwe-water-board-lwb-tariff-and-willingness-to-pay-study/) - ECA reviewed LWB’s tariffs in the context of a proposed new water supply dam, examining the extent to which the tariff could cover the capital cost. Structure of tariffs was also reviewed. For low income households without in-house connections, the advantages of having prepayment meter standpipes as an alternative to conventional kiosks was analysed in - [Development of RE regulations, Rwanda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/development-of-re-regulations-rwanda-2/) - Support to RURA in the development of various rules and regulations governing renewable energy and off-grid electrification including recommendations for improvement of existing regulations for the Feed in Tariff framework for hydro and extension to other technologies. - [Electricity tariffs, Swaziland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/electricity-tariffs-swaziland-2/) - ECA assisted The Swaziland Energy Regulatory Authority in developing a tariff support mechanism (subsidy framework) and a connection charge policy for Swaziland. - [Establishing a regional energy regulatory authority for the SADC region](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/establishing-a-regional-energy-regulatory-authority-for-the-sadc-region/) - The overall objective of this study was to develop a framework and roadmap for the current Regional Energy Regulators Association for Southern Africa to be transformed into a fully-fledged Energy Regulatory Authority for the SADC region. - [Market assessment for solar appliances, Uganda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/market-assessment-for-solar-appliances-uganda/) - Thorough market assessment of standalone solar for productive uses (SSPU) in Uganda. This research was to support the World Bank in determining whether to expand the scope of their Energy for Rural Transformation Phase III (ERT-3) project to provide financing for this type of products. The study focused primarily on agriculture and on opportunities for - [Electricity tariff study, Rwanda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/electricity-tariff-study-rwanda/) - ECA prepared a Report for the EBRD, assessing the electricity and gas regulatory and market frameworks with the aim of benchmarking them against international standards (particularly the EU), providing a clear analysis of the progress of reform and identifying gaps as well as future reform needs. - [Design and establishment of urban water regulator, Uganda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/design-and-establishment-of-urban-water-regulator-uganda/) - This project objective was to establish an autonomous urban water regulator for Uganda, to ensure that water supply is both financially sustainable and affordable for consumers through setting appropriate tariff structures and other regulatory mechanisms. ECA reviewed the current water sector regulatory framework, comparable frameworks from other countries, prepared a business plan and financing strategy, - [Design of a mini-grid facility, Rwanda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/design-of-a-mini-grid-facility-rwanda-2/) - This assignment was to prepare the mini-grid component of the proposed World Bank-assisted Rwanda Renewable Energy Fund Project. The mini-grid component is to support private sector renewable energy mini-grids to demonstrate that commercially viable mini-grids are able to sustainably deliver affordable electricity services to households and enterprises in rural areas. - [Zimbabwe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) institutional and regulatory study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/zimbabwe-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-wash-institutional-and-regulatory-study/) - ECA advised the government and development partners of the most appropriate WASH sector coordination and regulatory mechanisms for Zimbabwe. The recommendation that a Water Sector Regulator was accepted by Cabinet and in a follow-on project, ECA has been asked to assist in the establishment of this new agency. - [LPG feasibility and strategy, Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/lpg-feasibility-and-strategy-kenya/) - ECA carried out a market appraisal of the feasibility of an LPG import and bottling facility in Mombasa to supply Kenya and neighbouring countries, plus an assessment of institutional arrangements for distribution of LPG throughout Kenya. - [Regulatory models for water and power, Lesotho](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/21/regulatory-models-for-water-and-power-lesotho-2/) - ECA assisted in the electricity regulator broadening its mandate to become the Lesotho Electricity and Water Authority (LEWA). In follow-up projects, we have assisted LEWA in the implementation of economic and financial regulatory models. - [Workshop on IPPs and PPAs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/20/workshop-on-ipps-and-ppas/) - Nov, 2019 - Delivery of a workshop on international experience of independent power producers (IPPs) and... READ MORE - [Pricing strategy review, Isle of Man](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/pricing-strategy-review-isle-of-man/) - ECA was contracted by Manx Utilities to review charges for water, sewerage and electricity services for the Isle of Man (a self-governing British Crown dependency in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland). ECA's work, published in the proceedings of the Isle of Man's Parliament, involved: a review of charging principles; recommendations as to - [Economic impact assessment of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) in Turkey](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/economic-impact-assessment-of-nuclear-power-plant-npp-in-turkey/) - ECA was contracted to undertake a thorough Economic Impact Assessment of the Sinop NPP project and contribute to the four plans being formulated jointly by the project sponsors and the Government (Localisation, Technology Transfer, Human Resource Development and Social Responsibility, Public Awareness and Public Acceptability). - [Assistance regarding an Energy Efficiency Obligation (EEO) scheme for utility providers, Serbia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/assistance-regarding-an-energy-efficiency-obligation-eeo-scheme-for-utility-providers-serbia/) - ECA supported the Ministry of Mining and Energy in Serbia in deciding upon its policy approach to achieving its Article 7 obligations and in the assessment of a potential EEO scheme for the country. We provided an assessment of the major policy choices to meet Article 7 objectives and provided detailed policy design advice on - [Gas security of supply options for Bulgaria](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/gas-security-of-supply-options-for-bulgaria/) - Following the serious impact of the interruption of gas supply via Ukraine, the Bulgarian government appointed ECA to provide policy advice on the measures the government can take to increase the country's security of supply in the medium term. ECA analysed a wide range of measures, covering both infrastructure to policy options, and make recommendations - [Review of gas transmission tariffs in North Macedonia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/review-of-gas-transmission-tariffs-in-north-macedonia/) - ECA appraised the gas transmission tariff methodology in North Macedonia, especially the determination and allocation of allowed revenues. A key focus in this study was to recommend regulatory approaches to avoid excessively high transmission tariffs resulting from a heavily underutilised gas transmission network. - [Water company WACC assessment, UK](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/water-company-wacc-assessment-uk/) - ECA was contracted to advise the Consumer Council for Water on the appropriate cost of capital for the water companies in the 5-year regulatory period of Ofwat’s PR14 price review. ECA’s analysis focused on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and the recent financial performance of the companies. - [Regulatory support to Albanian Gas TSO](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/regulatory-support-to-albanian-gas-tso/) - ECA supported the newly established Albanian’s gas TSO, Albgaz, in developing regulatory and commercial capacity including the operationalisation of the Network Code, operationalisation of the gas tariff methodology and CAPEX planning. - [Cyprus Electricity tariff structure and design review ](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/cyprus-electricity-tariff-structure-and-design-review/) - ECA was appointed by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC) to design new tariff structures and levels for the 2014-2018 period covering the entire vertical chain of service provision (generation, transmission, system operation, distribution and supply). - [Ireland electricity market monitoring](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/13/ireland-electricity-market-monitoring/) - The Irish Regulatory Authorities sought technical support in establishing the combined market (I-SEM) Market Monitoring Unit’s (MMU) Analytical Strategy. This required assistance in the delivery of the relevant MMU processes necessary to analyse and report on the I-SEM including the assessment and evaluation of the necessary inputs and outputs that will be required to fulfil - [UK-Europe gas interconnector market assessment](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/uk-europe-gas-interconnector-market-assessment/) - Project to model the Dutch, Belgian and GB gas markets to assess the extent to which the gas interconnectors, IUK and BBL will have and be able to exercise market power when their current long-term contracts come to an end in 2018 and 2022 respectively. - [Northern Ireland, dispatch modelling](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/northern-ireland-dispatch-modelling/) - ECA was appointed to validate the forward-looking PLEXOS model (2019-2025) and perform a back-cast against I-SEM market outcomes. The team delivered an independent evaluation of the model, calibrate the model to reflect changes to market behaviour since the I-SEM launch in 2018, and strengthen industry trust in market-based modelling projects undertaken by the regulatory authorities. - [Greece - methodology for allowed revenue of electricity transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/greece-methodology-for-allowed-revenue-of-electricity-transmission-3/) - The Regulatory Authority for Energy (RAE) appointed ECA to provide support regarding an interim methodology for setting the allowed revenues for electricity transmission, in preparation for the privatisation of the transmission system operator (TSO) in Greece. - [Cabo Verde Electricity Sector Regulation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/11/07/cabo-verde-electricity-sector-regulation/) - Nov, 2019 - ECA has been appointed by LuxDev, the aid and development agency of the Government of Luxembourg... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint – Complexity is no excuse to ignore economics when setting net zero targets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/31/eca-viewpoint-complexity-is-no-excuse-to-ignore-economics-when-setting-net-zero-targets/) - Oct, 2019 - UK government policy is now targeting zero carbon emissions by 2050. This requires specific interventions… READ MORE - [ECA advises on the third price review for electricity tariffs in Peninsular Malaysia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/31/eca-advises-on-the-third-price-review-for-electricity-tariffs-in-peninsular-malaysia/) - Oct, 2019 - ECA has been appointed to advise Suruhanjaya Tenaga (the Energy Commission), on the third price review... READ MORE - [Gas transmission pipeline feasibility study, North Macedonia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/gas-transmission-pipeline-feasibility-study-north-macedonia/) - The objective of the project was to assess the commercial, technical and economic feasibility of the proposed gas transmission expansion in North Macedonia. The results of the study was used by the EBRD to make a final investment decision on the gas transmission expansion project. - [Private sector provision of water and sanitation in small towns, Worldwide](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/private-sector-provision-of-water-and-sanitation-in-small-towns-worldwide-2/) - ECA is leading in an international study to provide operating procedures and guidance to developing countries and World Bank task teams on how to support public institutions in effectively engaging the local private sector to deliver water and sanitation services, especially to the poor in rural growth centres and small towns. Case study focus countries - [Private sector participation in electricity transmission, Middle East](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/private-sector-participation-in-electricity-transmission-middle-east-2/) - ECA reviewed the existing transmission investment plans, assessed options for financing new investments, and identified options for private sector participation (PSP) in the electricity transmission network. - [Power network analysis for wind power integration, Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/power-network-analysis-for-wind-power-integration-kosovo-3/) - Advice to KOSTT on wind power integration covered: network reinforcement planning and investment analysis, network security analysis, ancillary service provision and balancing, network operation with intermittent generation sources and forecasting techniques with wind. - [Water sector institutional diagnostic tool](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/water-sector-institutional-diagnostic-tool/) - ECA developed a Diagnostic Tool for Institutional Development in the water sector to assist World Bank staff in isolating problems, identifying solutions and entry points, and designing and implementing water sector reforms, capacity building and institutional strengthening programmes. - [Private participation in decentralised electricity provision](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/private-participation-in-decentralised-electricity-provision-2/) - ECA worked with the International Finance Corporation to determine the key drivers of and barriers in developing countries to the expansion of “Alternative Private Supply” of electricity which do not require coordination through centralised grids and to assess whether electricity had the potential to expand as quickly as mobile telephony. - [Water sector investment analysis, Zimbabwe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/water-sector-investment-analysis-zimbabwe-2/) - ECA reviewed investment in the water sector and developed an investment planning model to rank projects by economic returns ranked to identify projects which will have the greatest impact for the funding available. Funding options were identified to match the expected risk-financial return profiles of the projects. - [Private sector rural electrification, Lao PDR](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/private-sector-rural-electrification-lao-pdr-2/) - ECA was responsible for developing the terms and conditions of the management contract under which responsibility for the implementation of a scaled-up rural electrification programme will be contracted out to the private sector. - [Grid expansion plan, Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/grid-expansion-plan-papua-new-guinea/) - ECA consulted stakeholders extensively and, following completion of the rapid review, prepared an action plan for grid expansion, which included a prospectus of future investments. - [Power generation development strategy, West Balkans](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/power-generation-development-strategy-west-balkans/) - ECA provided support to EBRD's energy strategy in the West Balkans by assessing the economic value of different power generation development scenarios. The work included a region-wide dispatch analysis with ECA’s inhouse dispatch model Wairoa to assess the security of supply implications of different power sector decarbonisation scenarios. - [Hydropower strategic assessment, greater Mekong region](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/hydropower-strategic-assessment-greater-mekong-region/) - The Mekong River Commission is responsible for basin-wide planning for the Lower Mekong riprarian countries (Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Vietnam). The Sustainable Hydropower Development Strategy was a key input to the planning process, identifying guidelines on optimal development which trade-off water, food and energy needs and which enhances basin-wide benefits of hydropower through greater - [Water and sanitation finance facility, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/water-and-sanitation-finance-facility-indonesia-3/) - The Facility had been designed in an earlier ECA study – the subsequent project was to assist in implementing the sector financing strategy through consensus-building within government and working closely with the chosen host agency, PIP (Indonesia Investment Agency), to develop the operational manual and procedures for PIP, the water utilities (PDAMs) and local governments. - [LNG strategy in Central America](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/lng-strategy-in-central-america-3/) - ECA developed different business and contractual models for the introduction of LNG for power generation to six Central American countries. The objective of this World Bank project was to advise on an economically and technically feasible option for regasification projects and onwards gas and electricity trade. - [Design of results-based financing facility for green mini-grids](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/design-of-results-based-financing-facility-for-green-mini-grids/) - ECA was engaged to develop the Access to Finance business line of the Green Minigrid (GMG) Market development Programme from AfDB. Activities under this business line included the design of a financing facility in support of GMG rural consumer connections, a commercial financiers' capacity needs assessment and subsequently design of a training program linked to - [PPP toolkit, India](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ppp-toolkit-india-2/) - This project involved developing web-based toolkits to assist PPP practitioners with all aspects of the PPP development, structuring, transactions negotiation and implementation. The toolkits covered five infrastructure sectors: water and sanitation, solid waste management, urban transport, ports and highways. - [Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) master plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/southern-african-power-pool-sapp-master-plan-2/) - The objective of the assignment was to prepare a new Regional Generation and Transmission Expansion Plan (the so-called ‘Pool Plan’) for the SAPP region covering the period up to 2040. ECA led the project and provided inputs and expertise covering demand forecasting, economic aspects of power system planning, cost-benefit analysis and real-options analysis of major - [Review of renewable energy subsidies, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/review-of-renewable-energy-subsidies-indonesia/) - ECA, together with Castlerock Consulting, was appointed by the Asian Development Bank to develop options for delivering Ministry of Finance subsidies to renewable energy development in Indonesia. Distinct from subsidies targeted at developers, these subsidies will be delivered through existing budget support mechanisms to the state utility, PLN, in order to defray the higher costs - [Renewable energy laws and feed in tariffs, Kazakhstan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/renewable-energy-laws-and-feed-in-tariffs-kazakhstan-3/) - Kazakhstan is developing a revised Renewable Energy Law that introduces a Feed-in Tariff regime. To implement this, a secondary regulation is needed to allocate the costs of RES support amongst all buyers of RES. ECA was tasked to develop the secondary regulation and bilateral agreement as well as to review the renewables power purchase agreement. - [Carbon Lock-in assessment tool](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/carbon-lock-in-assessment-tool/) - DFID asked ECA to produce a study to examine the risk of carbon lock-in in developing countries. ECA was also asked to develop a simple framework to be used by national decision makers, DFID country offices, and other donors to assess and analyse the risks of nationally significant investments and policies. The toolkit included a - [National energy efficiency action plan for Albania](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/national-energy-efficiency-action-plan-for-albania-3/) - ECA was appointed by the EBRD to assist Albania in developing a new National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP) to be compliant with the transposition of EU Directive 2012/27/EU (the “Energy Efficiency Directive“) for Energy Community countries. - [Green cities, Rwanda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/green-cities-rwanda/) - ECA was part of a consortium which was contracted by Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) to analyse the potential for green growth of Kigali and 6 secondary cities in Rwanda. The project required developing a ‘Green City’ framework and guidelines appropriate for the Rwandan secondary city context, developing a National Roadmap on the secondary city - [Energy service companies framework, West Balkans](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/energy-service-companies-framework-west-balkans-2/) - EBRD, legal, regulatory and economic advice on the framework for the promotion of renewable energy projects. A gap analysis was provided on the regulatory and financial structures that might impede investments in ESCO projects. - [Roadmap for energy efficiency obligations (EEO)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/roadmap-for-energy-efficiency-obligations-eeo/) - The EBRD and the Energy Community Secretariat has identified the need to develop a “framework roadmap” to support the roll-out of investment grade EEO schemes. ECA led a team of policy experts to review, shape and further develop the Roadmap document. This included directly contacting relevant officials in each country and organising a "roundtable" event - [Green minigrids enabling framework, Gambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/green-minigrids-enabling-framework-gambia/) - ECA was engaged by the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy for a two-part assignment focused on the electricity mini-grid sector. In the first part, we developed a policy and regulatory framework for mini-grids, including drafting all regulatory documents. In the second part, we developed a plan for mini-grids to support national electrification, including GIS analysis - [Wind integration - ancillary services and balancing market](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/wind-integration-ancillary-services-and-balancing-market/) - The objective of this project was the analysis of gaps in the processes for provision of ancillary services in BiH and the development of a set of arrangements for their provision. - [DfiD clean energy fund for small and medium size enterprises (SMEs)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/dfid-clean-energy-fund-for-small-and-medium-size-enterprises-smes/) - ECA worked with DFID on assessing the feasibility of a possible $30 million fund to invest in clean energy SMEs in developing countries. The study helped understand the business models adopted by the SMEs, and their funding needs, so that it could tailor its support in ways which can lead to the greatest developmental impact. - [Development of model power purchase agreements, Serbia and Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/development-of-model-power-purchase-agreements-serbia-and-montenegro-3/) - The assignment involved review of existing draft PPAs, revision and updating of those PPAs to ensure they are bankable, together with related securitisation agreements. While the PPAs are specifically drafted for wind power projects, other renewable energy projects would also require a PPA which could be an amended and reduced version of the wind power - [Electricity distribution appraisal, Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/electricity-distribution-appraisal-vietnam-2/) - In support of a proposed loan to funded new electricity distribution investments, ECA conducted financial and economic due diligence on the individual investment projects and on the financial capacity of the implementing distribution utilities. The investments reviewed were wide-ranging and included the introduction of new smart grid elements for which innovative appraisal approaches were required. - [Power purchase agreements for wind farms in Tunisia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/power-purchase-agreements-for-wind-farms-in-tunisia-2/) - An EBRD project advising on the allocation of risks under the new Tunisian Renewable Energy Law with respect to Feed-in Tariffs. ECA advised on the legal, technical and bankability implications of the Law, the FiT Regulation and the model Power Purchase Agreement as well as drawing up a model PPA for independent investors (IPPs) as - [Small scale LNG market study, Namibia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/small-scale-lng-market-study-namibia/) - ECA supported the IFC in identifying possible usages of small scale LNG (ssLNG) in Namibia and the wider region. The assignment included an assessment of potential volumes, prices and locations of small scale LNG uptake. Together with a cost analysis provided by technical expert we were able to quantify the economically feasible volumes and offtakers - [Dispatch audit for Sri Lanka](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/dispatch-audit-for-sri-lanka/) - ECA worked with the Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka on an assessment of the efficiency of electricity generation operations. As part of this, the need for regular auditing of dispatching arrangements was identified. ECA is now assisting PUCSL in developing guidelines for these audits and supporting an initial audit. - [Electricity market rules, Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/electricity-market-rules-kosovo-2/) - ECA advised the transmission company (KOSTT) on key aspects of market design and developed these as detailed Market Rules compliant with the design and operation of the market as well as modelling prices for balancing market bids and offers. - [Market study for solar power plant, Romania](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/market-study-for-solar-power-plant-romania-2/) - ECA assessed the electricity and Green Certificate markets in Romania in light of an investment in a solar plant in Romania. This included an assessment of the regulatory environment for generation investment with a particular focus on renewable energy sources (RES) and solar specifically. - [Provision of balancing markets and ancillary services, Bosnia & Herzegovina (BiH)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/provision-of-balancing-markets-and-ancillary-services-bosnia-herzegovina-bih/) - The objective of this project was the analysis of gaps in the processes for provision of ancillary services in BiH and the development of a set of arrangements for their provision. - [Wholesale electricity market advisor, Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/wholesale-electricity-market-advisor-vietnam-2/) - ECA was appointed to advise the Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam on the introduction of the country’s competitive wholesale electricity market, to start in pilot form in late-2015 and in full from in 2019. Tasks included overseeing and coordinating the work of the various workstreams of the wholesale market and supporting ERAV in determining its - [Wastewater to resource policy and regulation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/wastewater-to-resource-policy-and-regulation/) - ECA was engaged by the World Bank to conduct a study on how policy, institutions, regulation, and financing mechanisms can be designed to incentivise wastewater reuse and resource recovery. - [Advisory services to Electricity Regulatory Agency of Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/advisory-services-to-electricity-regulatory-agency-of-vietnam-3/) - ECA provided advisory services to the Electricity Regulatory Agency of Vietnam (ERAV) on the implementation of power market reforms in accordance with the Government’s roadmap for the sector. - [Gas transmission and distribution regulation, Israel](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/gas-transmission-and-distribution-regulation-israel-3/) - This project helped the Natural Gas Authority to regulate and develop the transmission and distribution of natural gas in Israel. - [Water tariff review and affordability study, Uganda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/water-tariff-review-and-affordability-study-uganda-2/) - This assignment involved ECA advising on a new tariff policy and structure, undertaking a comprehensive willingness and affordability to pay survey, detailed cost-recovery and tariff modelling and the design of an effective subsidy policy. - [Electricity tariff and market advisor, Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/electricity-tariff-and-market-advisor-kosovo/) - Under a long term USAID programme ECA advised on tariff setting and in developing a unified market with Albania including common market and balancing for wholesale electricity. Advice included, licensing issues, market design, operational protocols and legislative changes, power exchange development, wholesale contracting and renewables contracting and price regulation. - [Retail electricity tariffs, Nigeria](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/retail-electricity-tariffs-nigeria-3/) - ECA developed marginal-cost based tariff structures and recommended staged tariff increases, automatic adjustment mechanisms and lifeline tariffs. - [Performance based incentive mechanisms for network operators in Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/performance-based-incentive-mechanisms-for-network-operators-in-montenegro/) - Following the conclusion of a previous assignment providing recommendations and training on performance-based incentive (PBI) regulation for network operators, ECA provided further assistance to the Energy Regulatory Agency of Montenegro in implementation of PBI mechanisms. The work focused on a review of key reliability metrics, including SAIDI and SAIFI for distribution and ENS and AIT - [Electricity network pricing, Greece](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/electricity-network-pricing-greece/) - ECA was appointed by the Regulatory Authority for Energy (RAE) to develop transmission connection and use-of-system tariffs for electricity for implementation by the transmission and distribution network operators. - [Regulatory modelling for network business, Australia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/regulatory-modelling-for-network-business-australia-2/) - Jemena Networks needed assistance modelling its regulatory asset base based on new reporting requirements set by the Australian Energy Regulatory. ECA developed a new model that allocated the existing regulatory asset based among new benchmarking asset categories, using estimates of depreciated replacement cost. - [Regulatory support in price review of gas facilities in Malaysia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/regulatory-support-in-price-review-of-gas-facilities-in-malaysia/) - After successfully assisting Malaysia’s Energy Commission, Suruhanjaya Tenaga, to develop the guidelines required for the determination of gas facilities tariff under an Incentive-Based Regulation (IBR) Framework, ECA was contracted to assist in facilitating the submissions of licensees and preparing the responses as part of the first regulatory period which will determine the allowed tariff for - [Tariff study and market rules support, Cyprus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/tariff-study-and-market-rules-support-cyprus/) - ECA was appointed by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC) to assist with the development of new tariff designs consistent with a recently issued tariff methodology by the regulator. ECA is also providing advice on the new market rules for Cyprus (which is moving to a net pool market model) and bilateral contracting in a - [Gas TSO allowed revenues, EU](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/gas-tso-allowed-revenues-eu/) - This study documented and contrasted the methodologies used by regulatory authorities across the EU in determining and setting the allowed or target revenues of gas transmission companies. It also assessed whether specific approaches are suited to particular circumstances and if there was scope for greater harmonisation to facilitate the development of an integrated EU gas - [National urban water supply project for Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/national-urban-water-supply-project-for-indonesia/) - ECA has worked with the World Bank Jakarta office since 2012 to help develop a national framework that will assist the Government of Indonesia in improving urban water service provisions, through efficient allocation of available sources of finance for the sector to appropriate investment, or service improvement project. Our team designed the incentive-based framework, a - [Global study on institutions, policies and regulatory incentives to improve WSS services](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/global-study-on-institutions-policies-and-regulatory-incentives-to-improve-wss-services-2/) - ECA conducted a global study to find out what policies, institutions and regulatory (PIR) incentives have been used in practice and how these can be combined to further improve water supply and sanitation (WSS) services. The study involved a literature review of existing theories on IPR incentives, development of case studies to illustrate findings, and - [Water and wastewater cost of service and tariff study in Lesotho](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/water-and-wastewater-cost-of-service-and-tariff-study-in-lesotho/) - ECA, in collaboration with JG Afrika, led a comprehensive cost of service and tariff study for the provision of water and wastewater services of the water utility WASCO. The study was to advise on the preparation of the annual tariff proposal to better reflect WASCO revenue requirements, improve the fairness in the allocation of its - [Establishment of autonomous regulator for urban water and sewerage services, Uganda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/establishment-of-autonomous-regulator-for-urban-water-and-sewerage-services-uganda-2/) - This project objective was to establish an autonomous urban water regulator for Uganda, to ensure that water supply is both financially sustainable and affordable for consumers through setting appropriate tariff structures and other regulatory mechanisms. ECA reviewed the current water sector regulatory framework, comparable frameworks from other countries, prepared a business plan and financing strategy, - [Regional gasification, Southeast Europe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/regional-gasification-southeast-europe-2/) - ECA analysed the scope for increased gasification in the nine-country region and the potential for it to benefit through greater competition and improved security of supply from imports of Caspian and Middle Eastern gas via Turkey. - [Small scale LNG potential in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/small-scale-lng-potential-in-indonesia/) - ECA was part of a consortium assessing the potential for small scale LNG options in Indonesia. The team provided economic and regulatory expertise in estimating demand potential, tariff implications and infrastructure impacts. - [Gas to power development in Albania](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/gas-to-power-development-in-albania-3/) - Assessment of gas sector and infrastructure development in Albania for the World Bank included a financial and economic feasibility of the Vlore power plant, recommendations on different business model for PSP and PPP arrangements, a review of contractual frameworks and regulatory changes. - [Ionian Adriatic Pipeline (IAP) feasibility study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/ionian-adriatic-pipeline-iap-feasibility-study/) - Review of IAP feasibility study assessing the economic and commercial feasibility. Demand forecasts, supply assessments, possible offtake points and cost structures were evaluated to identify the competitiveness of gas transported through IAP and the economic and financial feasibility of the pipeline. - [Net metering, Sri Lanka](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/net-metering-sri-lanka-2/) - ECA was engaged by IFC to carry out a comprehensive market assessment of the net metering based rooftop solar PV market in Sri Lanka. The study provided a complete picture of the current market and the growth potential for various stakeholders, with the intention of facilitating the development of the market in a more sustainable - [Hydroelectric power plant assessment, Georgia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/hydroelectric-power-plant-assessment-georgia/) - A consortium led by ECA performed a market study to review the regulatory arrangements and revenue prospects of a pumped storage hydro plant. We modelled both the Turkish and Georgian markets to determine the optimum contracting strategy and to assess risks in both markets. - [The potential for alternative private supply (APS) of electricity](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/the-potential-for-alternative-private-supply-aps-of-electricity/) - ECA worked with the IFC to determine the key drivers of and barriers to the expansion of the Alternative Private Supply (APS) of electricity in developing countries which do not require coordination through centralised grids. - [Electricity and cost of service study, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/electricity-and-cost-of-service-study-indonesia/) - ECA was responsible for the estimation of long-run marginal costs for transmission and distribution, the review of the efficiency of the current tariffs, the development of a revised set of tariff structures and the assessment of improvements to tariff adjustment mechanisms. - [Tariff methodology for ancillary services, Ukraine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/tariff-methodology-for-ancillary-services-ukraine/) - Ukraine requires an interim regime of regulated tariffs for ancillary services. This Energy Community funded provided the Regulator with a tariff methodology. This methodology also required a process for selecting eligible providers and assessing degree of eligibility and a process for determining how availability is measured for payment. - [Support to Ofgem finance team](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/support-to-ofgem-finance-team/) - ECA staff was seconded at Ofgem to support the ongoing activities of Ofgem’s RIIO Finance. Activities included developing licence modifications and consequent changes to a Price Control Financial Model and Handbook. - [Regional water supply and PPP framework for Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/regional-water-supply-and-ppp-framework-for-indonesia-2/) - Following the successful completion of ECA’s previous work in Indonesia, resulting in the implementation of National Urban Water Supply (NUWAS) framework, we were asked to assist the World Bank Team Jakarta to design a regional water supply and PPP framework. The regional water supply frameworks developed under this assignment aim to provide a streamlined and - [Gas distribution cost assessment for Ofgem](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/gas-distribution-cost-assessment-for-ofgem/) - Ofgem required support to develop cost assessment methodologies for energy network price controls to come into effect from April 2021. In particular Ofgem sought advice on the approach to econometric modelling, real price effects, regional factor and business support costs. ECA led on developing potential approaches to assessing business support costs. - [Northern Ireland Utility regulator gas division support](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/northern-ireland-utility-regulator-gas-division-support-2/) - ECA provided sustained support for six months to the Northern Ireland Utility Regulator during a Competition Commission inquiry, leading on key areas of analysis including drafting of papers and attendance at inquiry hearings. - [TSO and DSO allowed revenue determinants](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/tso-and-dso-allowed-revenue-determinants/) - We have been appointed by the Energy Regulators Regional Association (ERRA) to assist in documenting, comparing and evaluating the regulatory approaches adopted by ERRA member organisations in setting the allowed revenues for electricity transmission and distribution businesses. - [WACC of electricity networks in Greece](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/wacc-of-electricity-networks-in-greece/) - Greece’s Regulatory Authority for Energy (RAE) contracted ECA to estimate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for the electricity transmission system and distribution network operators. - [Energy efficiency policy and regulatory advice, Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/energy-efficiency-policy-and-regulatory-advice-ireland/) - Ireland is in the process of transposing EU Directive 2018/2002, the revised “Energy Efficiency Directive” which sets energy efficiency targets and policies out to 2030. Article 7 and the associated Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOS) are a centrepiece of the directive and domestic energy efficiency policy. The Irish authorities are considering how best to build - [Climate change levy exemption for renewables scheme, UK](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/climate-change-levy-exemption-for-renewables-scheme-uk-2/) - ECA advised Ofgem on potential changes to their guidance relating to renewables generators located outside the UK who seek accreditation for Levy Exemption Certificates (LECs). These generators must demonstrate to Ofgem that the energy they generate can feasibly have been sold to UK consumers. - [Energy efficiency policy and regulation framework contract, West Balkans](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/energy-efficiency-policy-and-regulation-framework-contract-west-balkans/) - ECA is the lead consortium partner in a € 3 million EBRD framework contract for the provision of consultancy services to West Balkan governments, helping to lay the foundations for EE investments. Economic, technical and legal consultancy advice is being provided to support legislators and investors remove market barriers to EE and accelerate uptake of - [Low carbon energy pathways, Philippines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/low-carbon-energy-pathways-philippines/) - ECA assisted the World Bank and Philippines stakeholders to assess the feasible and cost-effective Carbon pricing instruments (CPI) options for the energy sector that would help in setting realistic but ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) mitigation objectives and their attainment and in developing an implementation and financial plan to implement those identified CPIs and their - [GB-Europe gas interconnector regulation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/gb-europe-gas-interconnector-regulation/) - ECA modelled the Dutch, Belgian and GB gas markets to assess the extent to which the gas interconnectors, IUK and BBL will be able to exercise market power when their current long-term contracts come to an end. - [Implementation of EU network codes, Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/implementation-of-eu-network-codes-ireland/) - Under the European Union's Third Energy package Member States are obliged to implement a set of EU Network Codes and ensure compliance by TSOs, DSOs and industry. This framework contract provided expert support to the electricity market regulator (CRU) in the implementation of six of the eight Network Codes in the wider context of the - [Gas to power investment consortium, South East Europe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/gas-to-power-investment-consortium-south-east-europe-2/) - ECA advised on the design, structure and ownership of a consortium of public as well as private investors for midstream gas and power generation projects in the West Balkans (Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, FYROM, Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia). - [European electricity forward markets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/european-electricity-forward-markets-2/) - This involved the development of methodologies to evaluate market and product efficiency. We reviewed theoretical and practical literature and assessed volumetric data and price histories. We also developed a model of how the forward capacity allocation network code provisions would be implemented, and assessed and proposed methods for measuring and determining its effectiveness in promoting - [UK proof of origins](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/28/uk-proof-of-origins-2/) - Information was required on how the rules for trading Levy Exemption Certificates (LECs) awarded to generation from outside the UK may change with current market developments. ECA analysed the current regulations on evidencing delivery in UK, assessed principles for potential revised rules and how they might work, set out a checklist of procedures required, provided - [ECA teaming up with AMDA on data analysis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/22/eca-teaming-up-with-amda-on-data-analysis/) - Oct, 2019 - ECA is excited to team up with the African Mini-grid Developers Association and conduct a... READ MORE - [ECA has partnered with Reach X to advise infrastructure investors](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/16/eca-has-partnered-with-reach-x-to-advise-infrastructure-investors/) - Oct, 2019 - ECA is partnering with ReachX to develop bespoke advisory services for investors and funds interested in energy and water sector opportunities... READ MORE - [Advising on feasibility of LNG import terminal in South Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/10/14/advising-on-feasibility-of-lng-import-terminal-in-south-africa/) - Oct, 2019 - ECA is part of a consortium lead by MJMEnergy advising on the feasibility of an LNG... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint – Disruption and blackouts: be prepared](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/09/30/eca-viewpoint-disruption-and-blackouts-be-prepared/) - Sep, 2019 - Unexpected and disruptive market events are regularly being linked with fundamental market shifts such as high levels of intermittent generation. These links are often… READ MORE - [Investment planning and capacity building facility in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/09/20/southeast-asia-energy-sector-development-investment-planning-and-capacity-building-facility/) - Sep, 2019 - ECA, together with Castlerock Consulting, has been appointed by the Asian Development Bank to develop options for delivering Ministry of Finance subsidies to... READ MORE - [Elena Adamopoulou](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/08/eleni-adamopoulou/) - Elena Adamopoulou joined ECA in 2011 after finishing her Master's degree in economics at the LSE and working for a short while in an international organisation. She specialises in renewable energy issues, advising clients on tariff estimation, conducting impact analysis and feasibility studies. Since joining the challenging and fast growing environment of ECA, Elena has - [Introducing our new analyst](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/09/26/introducing-our-new-analyst-to-the-team/) - Sep, 2019 - A warm welcome this month to our new consultant, David Storey... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Network Planning in an uncertain world](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/08/31/eca-viewpoint-network-planning-in-an-uncertain-world/) - Aug, 2019 - The landscape for electricity networks is changing rapidly to a more decentralised, decarbonised and digitised future... READ MORE - [Strengthening I-SEM market modelling in Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/09/16/strengthening-i-sem-market-modelling-in-ireland/) - Sep, 2019 - ECA has been appointed to validate the forward-looking SEM PLEXOS model (2019-2025) and perform a... READ MORE - [Regional water supply and PPP framework for Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/09/11/regional-water-supply-and-ppp-framework-for-indonesia/) - Sep, 2019 - Following the successful completion of ECA’s previous work in Indonesia, resulting in the implementation of... READ MORE - [Off-grid solar PV to support productive activities in Uganda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/08/16/off-grid-solar-pv-to-support-productive-activities-in-uganda/) - Aug, 2019 - The Government of Uganda and World Bank are exploring the possibility of financing standalone solar... READ MORE - [Support to the IEACCC](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/08/15/support-to-the-ieaccc/) - Aug, 2019 - ECA has been supporting the IEACCC to update a 2017 review on the the financing environment for new coal projects... READ MORE - [Energy efficiency policy analysis for Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/07/31/energy-efficiency-policy-analysis-for-ireland/) - Jul, 2019 - Ireland is in the process of transposing EU Directive 2018/2002, the revised “Energy Efficiency Directive” which... READ MORE - [ECA to review regulatory approaches to setting revenues for electricity transmission and distribution](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/07/22/eca-to-review-regulatory-approaches-to-setting-revenues-for-electricity-transmission-and-distribution/) - Jul, 2019 - We have been appointed by the Energy Regulators Regional Association (ERRA) to assist... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint – Corporate PPAs aren’t just to make your green credentials shine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/07/22/eca-viewpoint-corporate-ppas-arent-just-to-make-your-green-credentials-shine/) - July, 2019 - Corporate Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) have mainly been used for renewables in competitive markets in the EU and… READ MORE - [We like to play hard too...](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/07/16/we-like-to-play-hard-too/) - July, 2019 - As part of what now has become an annual tradition, ECA staff hosted an ‘events’ week to bring staff together for... READ MORE - [ECA welcomes Rosie to the team](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/06/29/eca-welcomes-rosie-to-the-team/) - June, 2019 - This month we welcome our new consultant – Rosie Read. Rosie has 12 years’ experience in... READ MORE - [Almar Barja](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/03/almar-barja/) - Almar joined ECA in 2016 as an analyst after having worked in the academic sector in Iceland. He has a strong academic background from Reykjavik University where he finished an interdisciplinary MSc. degree in Sustainable Energy Science. His main focus was on broadening his skillset across various fields such as Energy Economics, Engineering and Natural - [Review of rooftop solar pricing in Fiji](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/06/26/review-of-rooftop-solar-pricing-in-fiji/) - Energy Fiji Ltd contracts ECA to provide advice on implementation of a new rooftop solar policy, including the calculation of cost-reflective customer charges. - [ECA Viewpoint - Lebanon power, the time for action is now](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/05/29/eca-viewpoint-lebanon-power-the-time-for-action-is-now-2/) - May, 2019 - For years, Lebanon’s national power utility has not had enough capacity to meet demand and has had high costs and low tariffs... READ MORE - [Private sector rural electrification, Lao PDR](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/private-sector-rural-electrification-lao-pdr/) - ECA was responsible for developing the terms and conditions of the management contract under which responsibility for the implementation of a scaled-up rural electrification programme will be contracted out to the private sector. - [Financial and institutional frameworks for rural electricity, Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/financial-and-institutional-frameworks-for-rural-electricity-vietnam/) - The objective of this study was to design institutional and financial frameworks for localised rural electricity distribution systems. This project began Phase II of Vietnam’s World Bank supported RE programme. - [Water strategy development for global microfinance company, Worldwide](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/water-strategy-development-for-global-microfinance-company-worldwide/) - ECA provided economic and market input into the development of global microfinance organisation Opportunity International’s new strategy plan for improving access of poor households to clean water through providing microfinance in the small-scale water and sanitation sector. - [Lilongwe water board tariff and willingness to pay study, Malawi](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/lilongwe-water-board-tariff-and-willingness-to-pay-study-malawi-2/) - ECA examined the Lilongwe Water Board’s current performance, forecast its cost of supply with and recommended a new tariff policy. From the results of the customers’ willingness and ability to pay survey, recommendations were made to markedly improve access to clean water of poor households. - [Djibouti solar rural electrification programme](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/djibouti-solar-rural-electrification-programme/) - ECA advised the Government of Djibouti and the World Bank on the design and roll out of a solar electrification programme in rural areas. We conducted an international best practice review, designed a pilot programme for a solar mini grid system and drafted the necessary documents required for the successful implementation of the recommended programme. - [Solar home system tariffs, Philippines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/05/solar-home-system-tariffs-philippines-2/) - This project, for the World Bank and Department of Energy, followed on from a previous assignment developing an institutional and regulatory framework for a large-scale SHS electrification programme within the Philippines. The programme will be delivered on a fee-for-service basis by rural electric cooperatives (ECs). The project involved the design of the regulated tariffs to - [Private sector provision of water and sanitation in small towns, Worldwide](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/private-sector-provision-of-water-and-sanitation-in-small-towns-worldwide/) - ECA is leading in an international study to provide operating procedures and guidance to developing countries and World Bank task teams on how to support public institutions in effectively engaging the local private sector to deliver water and sanitation services, especially to the poor in rural growth centres and small towns. Case study focus countries - [Ethiopia geothermal power purchase agreements](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/ethiopia-geothermal-power-purchase-agreements/) - Ethiopia is beginning the process of contracting with IPPs to provide electricity from geothermal and requires a model PPA as a basis for contract negotiation, as well as capacity building in negotiation and understanding the risk allocation issue. ECA assisted by developing the model PPA with workshop presentations and advice on negotiation positions. - [Power purchase agreements for wind farms in Tunisia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/power-purchase-agreements-for-wind-farms-in-tunisia/) - An EBRD project advising on the allocation of risks under the new Tunisian Renewable Energy Law with respect to Feed-in Tariffs. ECA advised on the legal, technical and bankability implications of the Law, the FiT Regulation and the model Power Purchase Agreement as well as drawing up a model PPA for independent investors (IPPs) as - [Water and sanitation finance facility, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/water-and-sanitation-finance-facility-indonesia/) - The Facility had been designed in an earlier ECA study – the subsequent project was to assist in implementing the sector financing strategy through consensus-building within government and working closely with the chosen host agency, PIP (Indonesia Investment Agency), to develop the operational manual and procedures for PIP, the water utilities (PDAMs) and local governments. - [Ghana gas masterplan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/ghana-gas-masterplan-2/) - ECA was appointed by the Government of Ghana to develop a national medium to long term gas strategy. This included recommendations on an optimised gas infrastructure plan, prioritised gas allocation across exports and domestic utilisation options and a suitable pricing, regulatory and institutional framework for implementation of the gas strategy. - [Regional gasification, Southeast Europe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/regional-gasification-southeast-europe/) - ECA analysed the scope for increased gasification in the nine-country region and the potential for it to benefit through greater competition and improved security of supply from imports of Caspian and Middle Eastern gas via Turkey. - [Botswana renewable energy strategy (RES)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/botswana-renewable-energy-strategy-2/) - The RES study undertaken by a team led by ECA focussed on the potential for utility-scale solar power to contribute to Botswana’s power generation mix. The strategy included recommendations on policy and the legal, institutional and regulatory architecture to facilitate the envisaged contribution of renewables to power generation. The study included a significant training component - [Renewable energy laws and feed in tariffs, Kazakhstan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/renewable-energy-laws-and-feed-in-tariffs-kazakhstan-2/) - Kazakhstan is developing a revised Renewable Energy Law that introduces a Feed-in Tariff regime. To implement this, a secondary regulation is needed to allocate the costs of RES support amongst all buyers of RES. ECA was tasked to develop the secondary regulation and bilateral agreement as well as to review the renewables power purchase agreement. - [Fiji energy sector policy review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/fiji-energy-sector-policy-review/) - ECA led the preparation of a Sustainable Energy For All (SE4ALL) assessment of Fiji’s energy sector, the preparation of a new energy policy and strategic action plan, and an analysis of the legislative framework. The energy policy included recommendations on institutional arrangements for the energy sector. - [Montenegro national renewable energy action plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/montenegro-national-renewable-energy-action-plan/) - ECA provided legal, regulatory and economic advice to the MoE, focussing on support in development of the National Renewable Energy Action Plan for submission to the EU under the Energy Community Treaty. This included development of forecast trajectories and modelling of impacts. - [Nigeria electrification prospectus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/nigeria-electrification-prospectus/) - The work involved a review of the readiness of the institutions to implement the proposed electrification roll-out; an assessment of the enabling framework for electrification; recommendations on targeted subsidies in support of the programme; and drafting of the financing prospectus. - [Malaysia’s first gas regulatory period](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/05/14/malaysias-first-gas-regulatory-period/) - May, 2019 - After successfully assisting Malaysia’s Energy Commission, Suruhanjaya Tenaga, to develop the guidelines... READ MORE - [ECA presents at the ERRA gas transmission tariff setting workshop](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/05/14/eca-presents-at-the-erra-gas-transmission-tariff-setting-workshop/) - May, 2019 - ECA Director, Nick Haralambopoulos was one of the instructors at the first Educational Workshop organised by... READ MORE - [Making a difference](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/05/14/making-a-difference/) - May, 2019 - Safe sanitation services and facilities are basic human rights and many still do not have access to them... READ MORE - [Gambia Ministry of Petroleum & Energy hosts ECA green mini-grids workshop](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/04/30/gambia-ministry-of-petroleum-energy-hosts-eca-green-mini-grids-workshop/) - Apr, 2019 - ECA led a full-day workshop in April for stakeholders from The Gambia... READ MORE - [Building renovation strategy for Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/05/07/building-renovation-strategy-for-kosovo/) - May, 2019 - The EBRD, under the REEP Plus policy dialogue window, has appointed ECA to assist the Ministry of Economic Development with the development of the Strategy... READ MORE - [Expert advice on electricity tariff design for Jamaica](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/05/01/expert-advice-on-electricity-tariff-design-for-jamaica/) - May, 2019 - ECA has been contracted by Office of Utilities Regulation (OUR) in Jamaica... READ MORE - [Design of a new energy regulator for Southern Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/04/29/design-of-a-new-energy-regulator-for-southern-africa/) - Apr, 2019 - ECA has been contracted by the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) to develop a framework... READ MORE - [Regional simplified electricity supply-demand for SAPP countries](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/04/24/regional-simplified-electricity-supply-demand-for-sapp-countries/) - Apr, 2019 - ECA is adapting its WAIROA© power system simulation/optimisation tool to provide... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint – Making the ESO concept work](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/04/16/eca-viewpoint-making-the-eso-concept-work-2/) - Apr, 2019 - National Grid has legally separated out electricity system operation. In the press, this is hailed as the opportunity to make generation zero carbon – surely the separation was unnecessary for that. What is needed is… READ MORE - [Southern Africa distributed generation review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/04/16/southern-africa-distributed-generation-review/) - Apr, 2019 - ECA has been commissioned by the IFC to review existing policies and regulatory frameworks related to distributed generation (DG) and tariff regimes in six Southern Africa countries... READ MORE - [Development of a framework for green mini-grid electrification in the Gambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/03/18/development-of-a-framework-for-green-mini-grid-electrification-in-the-gambia/) - Mar, 2019 - ECA has been contracted by the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy in the Gambia (funded by the African Development Bank) to develop... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Avoiding negative electricity prices: what measures should TSOs take?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/03/18/eca-viewpoint-avoiding-negative-electricity-prices-what-measures-should-tsos-take/) - Mar, 2019 - Negative wholesale electricity prices are an increasingly common occurrence in European markets. Although a logical consequence of... READ MORE - [Support for National Energy Efficiency Action Plan development in Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/03/13/support-for-national-energy-efficiency-action-plan-development-in-montenegro/) - Mar, 2019 - ECA has been contracted by the EBRD to support Montenegro in the development of its 4th National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP)... READ MORE - [Review of electricity, water and sewerage tariffs in Gambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/03/06/review-of-electricity-water-and-sewerage-tariffs-in-gambia/) - Mar, 2019 - ECA has been contracted for a pricing study covering electricity, water and sewerage for the Gambia in West Africa... READ MORE - [Namibia power market study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/02/25/namibia-power-market-study/) - Feb, 2019 - ECA is advising a solar power plant developer in sub-Saharan Africa. Applying our in-house dispatch model WAIROA... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Can self-sufficiency contribute to regional power trade?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/02/20/eca-viewpoint-can-self-sufficiency-contribute-to-regional-power-trade/) - Feb, 2019 - The question posed in the title is deliberately paradoxical – self-sufficiency must surely always be the enemy of expanding trade in electricity. Apparently not... READ MORE - [Lebanon energy policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/02/13/lebanon-energy-policy/) - Feb, 2019 - ECA is continuing its engagement in Lebanon by supporting the Government in drafting an Energy Policy White Paper... READ MORE - [‘Time to Talk’ day - food for thought](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/02/13/time-to-talk-day-food-for-thought/) - Feb, 2019 - We welcomed in February by holding a ‘Time to Talk’ lunch to help raise awareness around mental health. Our staff enjoyed a variety of... READ MORE - [Sierra Leone grid-connected solar power through Private Sector Investment](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/01/30/sierra-leone-grid-connected-solar-power-through-private-sector-investment/) - Jan, 2019 - ECA has been contracted by the World Bank to support the Government of Sierra Leone... READ MORE - [Welcome aboard John](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/01/23/welcome-aboard-john/) - A warm welcome to our new consultant, John Paparistodemou, who joins us from National Grid... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Making rooftop solar in developing countries fair for utilities and customers](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/01/28/eca-viewpoint-making-rooftop-solar-in-developing-countries-fair-for-utilities-and-customers/) - Rooftop solar is booming in both developed and developing countries. Rooftop solar reduces greenhouse gas and... READ MORE - [Also welcome aboard Nicolas](https://www.eca-uk.com/2019/01/23/also-welcome-aboard-nicolas/) - We also welcome our new colleague, Nicolas Jacob, a consultant with 5 years’ experience across the value chain of major European power and gas companies... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint – Energy efficiency obligation schemes: the exit plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/12/31/eca-viewpoint-energy-efficiency-obligation-schemes-the-exit-plan/) - The EU’s updated Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) retains Article 7, which requires Member States to implement an Energy Efficiency Obligation (EEO) scheme, or... READ MORE - [Prefeasibility studies in 30 un-electrified villages in Mozambique](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/12/18/prefeasibility-studies-in-30-un-electrified-villages-in-mozambique/) - ECA has been contracted by DFID to conduct a prefeasibility study for the electrification of 30 off-grid sites... READ MORE - [Worldwide power sector financing survey and analysis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/12/18/worldwide-power-sector-financing-survey-and-analysis/) - ECA commissioned to conduct a global survey and analyse financing trends in the power sector for the International Energy Agency CCC... READ MORE - [ECA support to the Palestine Electricity Transmission Ltd](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/12/12/eca-support-to-the-palestine-electricity-transmission-ltd/) - ECA are providing advisory services to the Palestine Electricity Transmission Ltd... READ MORE - [Review of REFIT Phase III in Uganda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/12/05/review-of-refit-phase-iii-in-uganda/) - ECA has been contracted to review and update Uganda’s Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariffs Phase III... READ MORE - [ECA and ERRA provide tailored electricity market training in Oman](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/12/05/eca-and-erra-provide-tailored-electricity-market-training-in-oman/) - David Williams of ECA joined the ERRA team to provide a multi-day training course in Muscat... READ MORE - [Manx pricing strategy review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/12/05/manx-pricing-strategy-review/) - In October, the Isle of Man’s parliament (the High Court of Tynwald – the world’s oldest continuous parliament) agreed to... READ MORE - [APEC summit in Port Moresby, PNG](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/28/apec-summit-in-port-moresby-png/) - At the recent APEC summit in Port Moresby, leaders from the USA, Japan, Australia and New Zealand pledged support for achieving 70% electricity access... READ MORE - [ECA supports development of policy guidelines on EEO schemes for the Energy Community and EBRD](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/26/eca-supports-development-of-policy-guidelines-on-eeo-schemes-for-the-energy-community-and-ebrd/) - With the support of ECA, the Energy Community Secretariat and European Bank for Reconstruction and Development... READ MORE - [An update on the cost of capital for the England and Wales water sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/26/an-update-on-the-cost-of-capital-for-the-england-and-wales-water-sector/) - ECA has been contracted by CCWater to provide... READ MORE - [PIR incentives for wastewater reuse and resource recovery](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/22/pir-incentives-for-wastewater-reuse-and-resource-recovery/) - Wastewater is one of the biggest untapped resource that can provide clean water, energy and other products such as... READ MORE - [Determining required revenues in the gas sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/22/determining-required-revenues-in-the-gas-sector/) - ECA Director, Nick Haralambopoulos, delivered a seminar on setting allowed revenues in the regulated segments of the gas sector... READ MORE - [Draft methodology for calculating tariffs for ancillary services](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/21/draft-methodology-for-calculating-tariffs-for-ancillary-services/) - On 20 November, ECA presented the draft methodology for calculating tariffs for ancillary services such as... READ MORE - [ECA provides training to Tanzanian electricity regulators](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/21/eca-provides-training-to-tanzanian-electricity-regulators/) - ECA has the pleasure to host 5 officials from the Tanzanian electricity regulator and Zanzibar regulator at our offices in London... READ MORE - [ACER publishes ECA report on EU revenue-setting approaches for gas transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/05/acer-publishes-eca-report-on-eu-revenue-setting-approaches-for-gas-transmission/) - ECA recently concluded a study entitled “Methodologies and parameters used to determine... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint – Batteries: modelling value in alternative markets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/11/01/eca-viewpoint-batteries-modelling-value-in-alternative-markets/) - Electricity storage devices are widely expected to become the must-have add-on to electricity systems increasingly supplied by intermittent renewables... READ MORE - [ECA support to Albania in updating energy efficiency law](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/10/29/eca-support-to-albania-in-updating-energy-efficiency-law/) - ECA has been contracted by the EBRD to support the Government of Albania update its primary Energy Efficiency Law to... READ MORE - [Fiji electricity tariff study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/10/23/fiji-electricity-tariff-study/) - Fiji recently passed a new Electricity Act, which directs the corporatisation of the electricity utility and the adoption of... READ MORE - [Power capacity building support for Sudan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/10/19/power-capacity-building-support-for-sudan/) - On behalf of the electricity Ministry and power utility companies in Sudan, ECA is providing... READ MORE - [Power system investment planning study for Malawi](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/10/19/power-system-investment-planning-study-for-malawi/) - ECA is supporting the International Finance Corporation (IFC) in an update... READ MORE - [Small scale LNG market assessment in Namibia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/10/10/small-scale-lng-market-assessment-in-namibia/) - ECA is part of a consortium of firms assessing the market potential for small scale LNG usage in Namibia... READ MORE - [Continued regulatory support to Ofgem’s gas team on RIIO](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/25/continued-regulatory-support-to-ofgems-gas-team-on-riio/) - ECA extends regulatory support to Ofgem’s gas networks team... READ MORE - [ECA study on EU revenue-setting approaches for gas transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/10/08/eca-study-on-eu-revenue-setting-approaches-for-gas-transmission/) - ECA's key findings of the study “Methodologies and parameters used to determine the allowed or target revenue of transmission system operators” undertaken for the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER). The objective of the study: to document and contrast the methodologies used by regulatory authorities across the EU in determining and setting the - [ECA presents findings of a study on EU revenue-setting approaches for gas transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/10/08/eca-presents-findings-of-a-study-on-eu-revenue-setting-approaches-for-gas-transmission/) - ECA recently presented the key findings of the study “Methodologies and parameters used to determine the... READ MORE - [ECA’s regional power dispatch model contributes to EBRD’s energy sector strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/27/ecas-regional-power-dispatch-model-contributes-to-ebrds-energy-sector-strategy/) - The EBRD has published its energy sector strategy 2019-2023 for public consultation... READ MORE - [Performance based incentive regulation quality of service for Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/25/performance-based-incentive-regulation-quality-of-service-for-montenegro/) - The European bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), have contracted ECA to continue in our support of the Energy Regulatory Agency... READ MORE - [Principles of tariff regulation training for Oman](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/25/principles-of-tariff-regulation-training-for-oman/) - The Energy Regulators Regional Association (ERRA) have contracted ECA to provide training to the Oman Power and Water Procurement Company... READ MORE - [ECA Viewpoint - Hydropower: helpful, harmful, hopeful](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/19/eca-viewpoint-hydropower-helpful-harmful-hopeful/) - Hydropower is the largest source of renewable energy in the world, accounting for around 71% of all renewable electricity. It is expected to play a critical role... READ MORE - [Tanzania cost of service study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/13/tanzania-cost-of-service-study/) - The Electricity and Water Regulatory Authority of Tanzania (EWURA) has contracted ECA to carry out a cost of service study for the electricity sector... READ MORE - [Namibia GET FiT programme design](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/09/11/namibia-get-fit-programme-design/) - ECA has been engaged by the Ministry of Mines and Energy in Namibia, and KfW, to develop a GET FiT renewable energy support programme for Namibia... READ MORE - [Lebanon cost-of-service and tariff design study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/08/31/lebanon-cost-of-service-and-tariff-design-study/) - ECA is assisting the Government of Lebanon in reforming electricity tariffs to reduce the public deficit and... READ MORE - [Rob Barnett](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/08/rob-barnett/) - Rob has over 13 years' experience in energy economics with a strong background in both regulation and trading. He has provided advice to government, regulatory and commercial clients in the UK and other countries on a wide range of topics in electricity, gas and environmental markets. Rob has advised in several areas of policy development, - [ECA to review urban sanitation tariffs in Mozambique](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/20/eca-to-review-urban-sanitation-tariffs-in-mozambique/) - ECA has been contracted by AguaConsult to provide advice to Water & Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP), advisors to Conselho de Regulação de Águas (CRA), the national water and sanitation regulator of Mozambique... READ MORE - [PPP Toolkit](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/04/07/online-resources/) - ECA has developed an interactive online Toolkit for Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) in Infrastructure - as featured on the Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) website under Toolkits The Toolkit was specifically designed to improve PPP decision making by users at Central, State and municipal government levels across India. It was officially launched in New Delhi by India's - [Albania Gas TSO regulatory support](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/17/albania-gas-tso-regulatory-support/) - ECA are advising the Albanian gas Transmission System Operator (TSO), Albgaz, on setting up a regulatory unit... READ MORE - [Economic cost of disrupted gas in the EU](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/12/economic-cost-of-disrupted-gas-in-the-eu/) - ECA supported the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) on the economic valuation of disrupted gas. The focus of our work was on recommending a suitable methodology for solidarity gas contracts in line with economic principles and EU legislation. - [Designing ancillary service tariff methodology in Ukraine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/11/designing-ancillary-service-tariff-methodology-in-ukraine/) - ECA is supporting the National Electricity and Utilities Regulatory Commission (NEURC) of Ukraine in drafting the regulatory methodology for calculating tariffs... READ MORE - [ECA assists FYR Macedonia to draft new Energy Efficiency Law](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/07/09/eca-assists-fyr-macedonia-to-draft-new-energy-efficiency-law/) - ECA, with its partner Karanovic and Nicolic, to assist the Ministry of Economy of The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia in drafting a new Energy Efficiency Law... READ MORE - [Pricing of rural electricity supplies in Bangladesh](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/29/pricing-of-rural-electricity-supplies-in-bangladesh/) - ECA has been appointed by the Bangladesh Rural Electrification Board to assist in the review of tariffs charged by rural electrification cooperatives... READ MORE - [ECA to support Thailand’s Metropolitan Electricity Authority in expanding rooftop solar PV](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/26/eca-to-support-thailands-metropolitan-electricity-authority-in-expanding-rooftop-solar-pv/) - ECA is part of a team led and funded by the Asian Development Bank, to support MEA in developing business models for expanding rooftop solar PV... READ MORE - [Pit-emptying practices in Lusaka](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/21/pit-emptying-practices-in-lusaka/) - In Lusaka, health and environmental hazards have been aggravated by the unsafe disposal of pit latrine sludge by informal pit emptiers. In this note, we make several recommendations... READ MORE - [ECA presenting on capacity remuneration mechanisms at the Athens Forum](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/14/eca-presenting-on-capacity-remuneration-mechanisms-at-the-athens-forum/) - Alexis Pramagioulis, presented ‘Capacity Remuneration Mechanisms’ at the 23rd Energy Community Electricity Forum in Athens... READ MORE - [Feasibility of the IAP](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/13/feasibility-of-the-iap/) - Our Managing Director, Fred Beelitz, presented the findings of the Ionian Adriatic Pipeline (IAP) commercial and economic feasibility study on 24 May at... READ MORE - [Private-sector participation in Africa’s energy sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/13/private-sector-participation-in-africas-energy-sector/) - The World Bank has appointed ECA to identify regulatory barriers to private-sector participation... READ MORE - [Southern African Power Pool plan dissemination](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/01/southern-african-power-pool-plan-dissemination/) - Following ECA’s completion in 2017 of the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) master plan for generation and transmission expansion (the so-called ‘Pool Plan’)... READ MORE - [ASEAN Power Grids presentation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/07/asean-power-grids-presentation/) - William Derbyshire presented at the ASEAN Power Grids conference 2018, held in Vientiane. William’s presentation highlighted the opportunities but also... READ MORE - [ECA support to Albania in Energy Efficiency continues](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/06/eca-support-to-albania-in-energy-efficiency-continues/) - The EBRD has appointed ECA under the ongoing ‘REEP Plus’ programme to further support Albania in developing and... READ MORE - [Support to the Irish electricity market reforms ancillary services rulesets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/06/05/support-to-the-irish-electricity-market-reforms-ancillary-services-rulesets/) - ECA and their partners E-Bridge have been selected in this highly technical project to support the Irish Regulators... READ MORE - [Off-grid market assessment in Mozambique](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/29/off-grid-market-assessment-in-mozambique/) - ECA has been appointed by the World Bank to assess the market opportunities and challenges for... READ MORE - [Fiji EIB transmission plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/23/fiji-eib-transmission-plan/) - ECA is part of a team that is preparing a transmission development plan for Fiji’s largest island, Viti Levu... READ MORE - [Review of gas licence formulae](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/17/review-of-gas-licence-formulae/) - ECA were commissioned by the Northern Ireland Authority for Utility Regulation to review... READ MORE - [EEO scheme in Croatia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/17/eeo-scheme-in-croatia/) - The EBRD has contracted ECA to extend its assistance for the creation and implementation of an Energy Efficiency Obligation (EEO) scheme in Croatia... READ MORE - [Feasibility study of the Ionian Adriatic Pipeline](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/14/feasibility-study-of-the-ionian-adriatic-pipeline/) - Our Feasibility Study of the Ionian Adriatic Pipeline (IAP)... READ MORE - [Private sector participation (PSP) models in electricity transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/10/private-sector-participation-psp-models-in-electricity-transmission-2/) - Electricity transmission networks are natural monopolies and traditionally have been handled by a single national (or in larger countries, provincial) state-owned company or a single national private company. However... READ MORE - [Renewable energy cost benchmarks in Zimbabwe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/03/renewable-energy-cost-benchmarks-in-zimbabwe/) - ECA is beginning a project for the Zimbabwe Energy Regulatory Authority (ZERA) to develop cost benchmarks for renewable energy generation projects... READ MORE - [Regulatory regime for gas transmission in Israel](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/05/02/regulatory-regime-for-gas-transmission-in-israel/) - ECA are advising the Israeli Natural Gas Authority... READ MORE - [ECA to assess off-grid energy market in Togo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/04/16/eca-to-assess-off-grid-energy-market-in-togo/) - ECA is conducting a market assessment for off-grid lighting and energy for the IFC in Togo. As a part of the assignment... READ MORE - [ECA supporting Malawi geospatial least-cost electrification plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/03/28/eca-supporting-malawi-geospatial-least-cost-electrification-plan/) - ECA is providing off-grid electrification specialist inputs to NGO Millennium Promise, which has been engaged by the World Bank to develop a geospatial cost optimisation model for... READ MORE - [Jordan wheeling charges](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/03/28/jordan-wheeling-charges/) - We are advising the Energy & Minerals Regulatory Commission (EMRC) of Jordan on the setting of wheeling tariffs for renewable energy prosumers... READ MORE - [Local manufacturing of off-grid solar products in East Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/03/19/local-manufacturing-of-off-grid-solar-products-in-east-africa/) - ECA has been appointed by DFID to carry out a study to assess the costs and benefits, plus market requirements of... READ MORE - [Roadmap for Energy Efficiency Obligation (EEO) schemes](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/03/15/roadmap-for-energy-efficiency-obligation-eeo-schemes/) - We are assisting the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), develop a Roadmap for the effective implementation of EEO schemes in its Countries of Operation... READ MORE - [GB gas market neither shaken nor stirred by Rough closure so far](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/02/22/gb-gas-market-neither-shaken-nor-stirred-by-rough-closure-so-far-2/) - The closure of GB’s largest gas storage facility (Rough) led to concerns among market observers and participants of supply shortages and increased GB gas price volatility... READ MORE - [Mo Uddin](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/02/19/mo-uddin/) - Mo Uddin is an economic consultant who specialises in energy and water sector analysis and investment (particularly with a focus on PPPs). Mo has worked in a number of countries in South Asia and Africa with extensive experience of Nigeria, Pakistan and Sierra Leone. Before working in development Mo worked in finance where he valued - [ECA's new addition to the team](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/02/19/ecas-new-addition-to-the-team/) - This month we welcome a new consultant to ECA, Mo Uddin, an economist with 5 years’ experience in... READ MORE - [ECA opens office in Greece](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/02/14/eca-opens-office-in-greece/) - We are delighted to announce the opening of ECA’s office in Athens, Greece... READ MORE - ['Time to Talk' day - 1 February 2018](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/02/09/time-to-talk-day-1st-february-2018/) - ECA celebrated Time to Talk day by holding a “Pot Luck Lunch” to raise awareness around mental health... READ MORE - [ECA develops in-house dispatch model ‘WAIROA’](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/02/13/eca-develops-in-house-dispatch-model-wairoa/) - Headed by Richard Bramley, our electricity experts and market modellers have developed an ECA in-house electricity dispatch model. WAIROA... READ MORE - [Uganda fiscal policy options for household solar systems](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/02/01/uganda-fiscal-policy-options-for-household-solar-systems/) - In the context of DFID’s Energy Africa initiative to accelerate the expansion of the household solar market in Africa... READ MORE - [Swaziland electricity cost of service study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/01/17/swaziland-electricity-cost-of-service-study/) - ECA has been contracted by the Swaziland Energy Regulatory Authority (SERA) to develop a comprehensive electricity cost-of-service study for Swaziland... READ MORE - [Solar training in Cambodia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/01/11/solar-training-in-cambodia/) - ECA has been contracted by the EAC (the electricity regulator) in Cambodia to... READ MORE - [Assessment of the impact of new electricity generation on economic development](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/14/assessment-of-the-impact-of-new-electricity-generation-on-economic-development/) - On behalf of a private sector developer, ECA is... READ MORE - [Support to Serbia in implementing energy efficiency policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/01/15/support-to-serbia-in-implementing-energy-efficiency-policy/) - In the context of EBRD’s Regional Energy Efficiency Programme (Plus) managed by ECA, we have been appointed together with partners... READ MORE - [ECA to support mini-grid development in Liberia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/01/11/eca-to-support-mini-grid-development-in-liberia/) - ECA has been awarded a contract to support SIDA and the Swedish Embassy in Monrovia, Liberia, to develop... READ MORE - [Support to ESCOM in preparation of tariff submission for Malawi](https://www.eca-uk.com/2018/01/10/support-to-escom-in-preparation-of-tariff-submission-for-malawi/) - ECA has been asked to provide support to Malawi’s national electricity utility, ESCOM, in the preparation and... READ MORE - [Price caps, merger talks: why bother?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/21/price-caps-merger-talks-why-bother-2/) - The recently announced merger between the supply businesses of npower and SSE is in stark contrast to... READ MORE - [Assessing the forms of revenue control for gas transmission networks](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/20/assessing-the-forms-of-revenue-control-for-gas-transmission-networks/) - ECA has been appointed by the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) to document and assess the methodologies employed by EU Member States to... READ MORE - [The financial performance of England & Wales water companies in 2016/17](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/20/the-financial-performance-of-england-wales-water-companies-in-2016-17/) - The Consumer Council for Water has commissioned ECA to analyse the financial performance of the England & Wales water companies in 2016/17... READ MORE - [Capacity building workshop for the Malaysian energy regulator](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/06/capacity-building-workshop-for-the-malaysian-energy-regulator/) - William Derbyshire and Nick Haralambopoulos have completed a capacity building workshop for staff at the Malaysian Energy Regulator... READ MORE - [Lusaka sanitation market design](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/07/lusaka-sanitation-market-design/) - Selected to assist and support the Lusaka Water and Sewerage Company in developing its onsite sanitation and faecal sludge management market and business plan... READ MORE - [Energy Efficiency Law for Georgia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/13/energy-efficiency-law-for-georgia/) - ECA are supporting Eco Ltd in the provision of technical assistance to the Government of Georgia with the development of an Energy Efficiency Law. The new law will implement... READ MORE - [ECA recommendations for the weighted average cost of capital 2020-2025](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/12/12/eca-recommendations-for-the-weighted-average-cost-of-capital-2020-2025/) - CCWater commissioned ECA to make an independent recommendation of what the cost of capital should be for 2020-25... READ MORE - [Green mini-grids: access to finance](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/11/27/green-mini-grids-access-to-finance/) - ECA has been engaged to support the Green Mini-Grids Market Development Programme (Phase 2) implemented by the African Development Bank. More specifically, ECA will develop the Access to Finance component, which includes: READ MORE - [Electricity tariffs training for Fiji](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/11/01/electricity-tariffs-training-for-fiji/) - ECA has teamed with Castlerock Consulting to deliver a training course on electricity tariffs to... READ MORE - [ECA selected to evaluate wind farm in Ethiopia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/11/09/eca-selected-to-evaluate-wind-farm-in-ethiopia/) - Agence Française de Développement assisted the Government of Ethiopia to set up a 120 MW wind farm at Ashegoda... READ MORE - [Successful WSS programmes: it’s not about the money](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/11/01/successful-wss-programmes-its-not-about-the-money-2/) - Standard economics begins with the assumption that we behave rationally and in our own interests. We seek to maximise utility, which is often equated with maximising monetary gain… READ MORE - [End-use energy efficiency policies for Serbia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/30/end-use-energy-efficiency-policies-for-serbia/) - ECA is extending its support to the Ministry of Mining and Energy in Serbia for the development of... READ MORE - [Support to Albania in implementing energy efficiency policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/30/support-to-albania-in-implementing-energy-efficiency-policy/) - Under the auspices of EBRD’s Regional Energy Efficiency Programme (Plus) managed by ECA... READ MORE - [ECA leading major renewable energy study in Mozambique](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/19/eca-leading-major-renewable-energy-study-in-mozambique/) - ECA is leading a renewable energy project in Mozambique with 2 major components... READ MORE - [ECA take part in MacMillan's 'cake-off' for charity](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/01/eca-take-part-in-macmillans-cake-off-for-charity/) - ECA took part in the MacMillan Cancer Support’s ‘World’s Biggest Coffee Morning’... READ MORE - [Two new analysts on the team](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/17/two-new-analysts-on-the-team/) - This month we welcome two new members of staff to the team, Marta Chojnowska and Ester Vespasiani... READ MORE - [Night storage heaters as an ancillary service](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/12/night-storage-heaters-as-an-ancillary-service-2/) - Because they are cheap to install, reliable, long-lived and have very low maintenance costs, night storage heaters are popular in granny-flats and with landlords... READ MORE - [ECA went rock climbing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/09/20/eca-went-rock-climbing/) - As part of what now has become an annual tradition, ECA staff spent a weekend away, this year trying their hand at rock climbing... READ MORE - [Lebanon gas development plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/02/lebanon-gas-development-plan/) - ECA is supporting the Lebanon Petroleum Administration (LPA) in the development of a Gas Development Plan.. READ MORE - [Celebrating 20 years](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/09/27/celebrating-20-years/) - ECA was incorporated in May 1997 and to celebrate hosted a 20th anniversary party for staff at the London Water and Steam Museum... READ MORE - [ECA expert and team work on successful arbitration settlement for Middle Eastern government](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/10/02/eca-expert-and-team-work-on-successful-arbitration-settlement-for-middle-eastern-government/) - Ray Tomkins acted as an economic expert in an international arbitration case for... READ MORE - [ECA report setting the scene for the cost of capital published by CCWater](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/09/14/eca-report-setting-the-scene-for-the-cost-of-capital-published-by-ccwater/) - The Consumer Council for Water recently published a report it commissioned ECA to help inform the debate on the cost of capital in Ofwat’s next price review (PR19)... READ MORE - [ECA engaged to provide training on UK water sector regulation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/09/07/eca-engaged-to-provide-training-on-uk-water-sector-regulation/) - ECA has been contracted by the UK’s Consumer Council for Water to provide a training course to a selection of its local consumer advocates and... READ MORE - [Afghanistan’s Central PPP Authority (CPA) Operations Manual](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/08/30/afghanistans-central-ppp-authority-cpa-operations-manual/) - ECA has been selected to support Afghanistan’s Central PPP Authority (CPA) in drafting an Operations Manual... READ MORE - [Power and Agriculture Nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa - ESMAP and the World Bank Group has published a report, built primarily on work undertaken by ECA in 2014-15, analysing the potential of agriculture to provide anchor loads for rural electrification.](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/08/24/power-and-agriculture-nexus-in-sub-saharan-africa-esmap-and-the-world-bank-group-has-published-a-report-built-primarily-on-work-undertaken-by-eca-in-2014-15-analysing-the-potential-of-agriculture/) - ESMAP and the World Bank Group has published a report, built primarily on work undertaken by ECA in 2014-15, analysing the potential of agriculture to provide anchor loads for rural electrification. DOWNLOAD - [Sarah Hellett](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/02/sarah-hellett/) - Sarah joined ECA in March 2014 after working for many years in the Financial sector. She now contributes to the smooth running of the office and marketing of ECA's services. - [Regulation for Kenyan mini-grids](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/08/03/regulation-for-kenyan-mini-grids/) - After finalising earlier this year our comprehensive analysis of the regulatory requirements for mini-grids in Kenya, we have now been contracted by GIZ to assist the Energy Regulatory Commission... READ MORE - [PSP of water supply & sanitation services in rural areas and small towns](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/05/12/psp-water-supply-sanitation-services-rural-areas-small-towns/) - The Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) of the World Bank has published a guidance note on how to support public institutions in encouraging domestic private sector participation in water supply and sanitation in small towns. This guidance note is largely based on ECA’s report on a global study on this topic. ECA conducted the field - [Energy & Water Access](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/22/regulatory-economics-and-frameworks/) - ECA assists both public and private sector clients in developing regulatory frameworks and analysing business models which target the provision of infrastructure to rural areas. We adopt approaches which are economically sustainable whilst remaining affordable, utilising the most appropriate innovations in technology and business model design to promote the efficient and effective delivery of vital - [Dispute & Litigation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/02/02/expert-witness/) - For confidentiality reasons we cannot disclose any case studies. - [Continued support to Kosovo in implementing energy efficiency policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/07/19/continued-support-to-kosovo-in-implementing-energy-efficiency-policy/) - Under the auspices of EBRD’s Regional Energy Efficiency Programme (Plus) managed by ECA... READ MORE - [David Williams](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/05/david-williams/) - David joined ECA in summer 2013 as a consultant with over a decade of experience working in the energy sector. David holds university qualifications in energy policy, economics and engineering tracking a career which has provided advice on matters related to energy policy, regulatory frameworks, technical assessments and institutional design for the electricity and gas - [David Williams](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/01/30/david-williams-2/) - [et_pb_section admin_label=”section”][et_pb_row admin_label=”row”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=”Text”]David Williams What is your background? Brought up in northwest England, I ventured south to Bath University for my undergraduate degree in Mechanical Engineering. After graduation, while working on renewable energy projects in Japan and China, my interest in the policy, economics and regulation of the field was ignited and so - [The transformative potential of power supply to mines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/07/13/the-transformative-potential-of-power-supply-to-mines-2/) - Mines have the potential to transform a country’s power sector, but often do not connect to the national grid because of the risks this creates... READ VIEWPOINT - [Ireland: support on market monitoring strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/07/03/ireland-support-on-market-monitoring-strategy/) - ECA has been asked to advise the Regulator’s Market Monitoring Unit strategy for reporting on and detecting potential for abuse in the new I-SEM market... READ MORE - [Supporting Montenegro in the transposition of EU Ecodesign regulations](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/07/03/supporting-montenegro-in-the-transposition-of-eu-ecodesign-regulations/) - ECA and its consortium partners from E Co Ltd are supporting the Ministry of Economy in Montenegro... READ MORE - [Kenya petroleum pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/06/30/kenya-petroleum-pricing/) - ECA and Kurrent Technologies of Kenya working on a review of the petroleum supply chain..... READ MORE - [Kenya electricity sector investment prospectus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/06/26/kenya-electricity-sector-investment-prospectus/) - We have been contracted by the World Bank to prepare a comprehensive investment prospectus for Kenya’s electricity sector... READ MORE - [The pursuit of liquidity: has Europe got it right in electricity?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/06/22/the-pursuit-of-liquidity-has-europe-got-it-right-in-electricity-2/) - The European Target Model for the electricity market emphasises market competition – and a liquid day ahead market (DAM) to set a reference price for trading. READ VIEWPOINT - [ECA analysing the efficiency of solar-home-system implementation models in Tanzania](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/06/05/eca-analysing-the-efficiency-of-solar-home-system-implementation-models-in-tanzania/) - ECA will be assisting DFID by analysing the efficiency of different aid-supported programs for providing electricity through solar-home-systems (SHS)... READ MORE - [Analysing the financial performance of the England & Wales water companies](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/05/31/analysing-the-financial-performance-of-the-england-wales-water-companies/) - ECA has been contracted by the Consumer Council for Water to conduct an analysis of the financial performance - [Kenya mini-grid regulations and tariff training](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/03/27/kenya-mini-grid-regulations-and-tariff-training/) - ECA has been contracted by the AfD/DFID funded Green Mini-Grid Facility in Kenya to prepare and deliver a training course to public and private stakeholders from Kenya’s mini-grid sector... READ MORE - [Malawi fiscal incentives on clean energy household technologies](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/05/24/malawi-fiscal-incentives-on-clean-energy-household-technologies/) - ECA has been commissioned by DFID to evaluate the financial and socio-economic impact of removing the taxes and tariffs on household... READ MORE - [Rules for connection of solar PV generation in Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/05/08/rules-for-connection-of-solar-pv-generation-in-papua-new-guinea/) - ECA has been contracted by IFC to assist Papua New Guinea Power Ltd in preparing rules for the installation and connection of distributed solar PV... READ MORE - [Drafting detailed market rules for the Intra-Day Power Market in Ukraine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/27/drafting-detailed-market-rules-for-the-intra-day-power-market-in-ukraine/) - ECA has been asked by the Energy Community to prepare detailed rules for trading on and operation of the IDM being set up in Ukraine... READ MORE - [Electricity tariff study for the Zambia Energy Regulation Board](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/26/electricity-tariff-study-for-the-zambia-energy-regulation-board/) - ECA has been awarded a contract with the Energy Regulation Board in Zambia to prepare a comprehensive cost-of-service electricity tariff study... READ MORE - [Economic impact assessment of the proposed Sinop nuclear power plant](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/15/economic-impact-assessment-of-the-proposed-sinop-nuclear-power-plant/) - Turkey is seeking to diversify its generation mix by investing in nuclear power stations. The proposed Sinop Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) on the Black Sea in northern Turkey will have a capacity of... READ MORE - [ECA to assess the financial and economic viability of three mini-grids in Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/21/eca-to-assess-the-financial-and-economic-viability-of-three-mini-grids-in-kenya/) - As part of a project to design three mini-grids for the Rural Electrification Authority of Kenya... READ MORE - [ECA analysis - one of the most downloaded publications](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/20/eca-analysis-one-of-the-most-downloaded-publications/) - ECA’s assessment of the fiscal impact on solar devices in Mozambique is one of the most downloaded publications on the Dfid... READ MORE - [Development of a solar energy programme, Zambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/20/development-of-a-solar-energy-programme-zambia/) - As part of its Energy Africa campaign in Zambia, the UK’s Department for International Development (DfID) is focusing on accelerating access... READ MORE - [ECA to advise Northern Ireland’s Consumer Council on electricity price controls](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/12/eca-to-advise-northern-irelands-consumer-council-on-electricity-price-controls/) - The Consumer Council for Northern Ireland (CCNI) has contracted ECA to review the Utility Regulator (UR)’s Draft Determination of Northern Ireland Electricity’s transmission and distribution network price controls... READ MORE - [Implementation of a competitive electricity market in Georgia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/04/03/implementation-of-a-competitive-electricity-market-in-georgia/) - ECA has been subcontracted by LDK Consultants to provide Alexis Pramagioulis as the Team Leader and regulatory expert for the EBRD funded project 'Assistance to the Government of Georgia... READ MORE - [ECA welcomes a new consultant](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/03/23/eca-welcomes-a-new-consultant/) - This month we welcome another new consultant to ECA, Alexis Pramagioulis, an economist with 30 years' experience in energy sector consulting projects including; electricity market restructuring, operation and regulation, investment project appraisal... READ MORE - [Tanzania Geothermal Strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/03/23/tanzania-geothermal-strategy/) - We have been contracted by Norton Rose Fulbright to work with the Tanzania Geothermal Development Company to develop a strategy, legal, institutional and regulatory framework for Tanzania’s geothermal energy sector, and a partial risk guarantee for development... READ MORE - [ECA to advise CCWater on water sector regulation in England and Wales](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/03/15/eca-to-advise-ccwater-on-water-sector-regulation-in-england-and-wales/) - ECA has been contracted by the Consumer Council for Water for England and Wales to assist it in preparing for Ofwat’s 2019 Price Review. This ‘setting the scene’ assignment will review activity... READ MORE - [ECA welcomes a new team member](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/03/06/eca-welcomes-a-new-team-member/) - This month we are delighted to welcome Martin Siner to ECA. An economist with over 20 years’ experience, including 4 years' in the London Business School’s Economics Department, Martin has worked extensively on... READ MORE - [Mini-grids: are cost-reflective tariffs necessary?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/02/22/mini-grids-are-cost-reflective-tariffs-necessary-2/) - An acceptable tariff policy for consumers and investors alike is a fundamental requirement for the viability of mini-grids in developing countries. Decisions are driven as much by social and political considerations as by economics. READ VIEWPOINT - [Malawi electricity tariff study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/02/27/malawi-electricity-tariff-study/) - ECA has been awarded a contract by the Millennium Challenge Corporation in Malawi to help prepare electricity tariffs for the unbundled electricity businesses including system operator, single buyer, transmission, distribution and generation companies. READ MORE - [A new analyst on our team](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/30/a-new-analyst-on-our-team/) - This month we are delighted to welcome a new Analyst, Salomé Drouard, to the team. She completed her Master’s degree in Public Policy and Development Economics at the Paris School of Economics in June 2016 and also holds a BAH in Economics, plus Sociology. Prior to joining ECA, her work experience has included the OECD, the World Bank and the UNDP. READ MORE - [Regulatory economics](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/23/quantitative-support-to-policy-advice/) - ECA has extensive regulatory experience in the utility and infrastructure sectors. We develop revenue setting methodologies for regulated monopoly businesses and associated regulatory procedures based on best regulatory practice and relevant regulatory objectives. We also provide support to regulators and other market participants (utility businesses, consumer representatives) in advancing positions during a price or revenue - [Scaling up electricity access, Democratic Republic of the Congo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/11/scaling-up-electricity-access-democratic-republic-of-the-congo/) - ECA undertook a study to help define appropriate approaches, institutional arrangements and priority investments to accelerate electricity access (in particular through private investment) in DRC. - [Cubango-Okavango multi-sector investment opportunity analysis (MSIOA) study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/02/01/cubango-okavango-multi-sector-investment-opportunity-analysis-msioa-study/) - Building on past studies for the basin organisation OKACOM, the MSIOA study sought to determine a development pathway to meet the national development needs and poverty reduction objectives of the member states (Angola, Namibia and Botswana), without compromising the ecosystem services of the basin and diminishing the global value of the Okavango Delta. The study - [Support for West Balkans regional energy efficiency programme](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/31/support-for-west-balkans-regional-energy-efficiency-programme/) - A consortium led by ECA has once again been appointed to manage the ‘Regional Energy Efficiency Programme’ (REEP) for the Western Balkans established by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) in partnership with the Energy Community Secretariat (ECS). READ MORE - [West Balkans – EBRD framework contract: Sustainable energy direct financing facility](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/west-balkans-ebrd-framework-contract-sustainable-energy-direct-financing-facility/) - ECA prepared a Report for the EBRD, assessing the electricity and gas regulatory and market frameworks with the aim of benchmarking them against international standards (particularly the EU), providing a clear analysis of the progress of reform and identifying gaps as well as future reform needs. - [Market due diligence for renewable energy developer, Romania](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/market-due-diligence-for-renewable-energy-developer-romania/) - ECA assessed the electricity and Green Certificate markets in Romania in light of an investment in a solar plant in Romania. This included an assessment of the regulatory environment for generation investment with a particular focus on renewable energy sources (RES) and solar specifically. - [Special tariff adviser for water and sewerage companies, Greece](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/special-tariff-adviser-for-water-and-sewerage-companies-greece/) - A consortium led by ECA was appointed as Special Tariff Adviser (STA) to develop tariffs for the water and sewerage (W&S) companies of Athens and Thessaloniki, EYDAP and EYATH, in the context of their impending privatisations. - [Market due diligence, Turkey](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/20/market-due-diligence-turkey/) - ECA were contracted to carry out a due diligence market study for a proposed new gas fired IPP. The study covered a review and assessment of the regulatory and market issues in electricity and gas, as well as detailed modelling and analysis of the electricity market and future electricity prices. - [Sustainable economic development in the Cubango Okavango River Basin](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/sustainable-economic-development-in-the-cubango-okavango-river-basin/) - Building on past studies for the basin organisation OKACOM, the multi-sector investment options analysis study explored alternative development pathways to meet national development and poverty reduction objectives, without unduly compromising the ecosystem services of the basin and diminishing the Okavango Delta’s global ecological value. The study included the identification of infrastructure projects of regional significance - [Kenya mini-grid regulatory framework development](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/kenya-mini-grid-regulatory-framework-development/) - ECA, in association with engineering firm Trama TecnoAmbiental, worked with the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum and other sector stakeholders to consolidate and develop a comprehensive policy and regulatory framework for mini-grid development in Kenya. This included analysis of business models, tariffs and financing (and the requirement for subsidies), technical guidelines, legal requirements and procurement. - [Design of a mini-grid facility, Rwanda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/design-of-a-mini-grid-facility-rwanda/) - This assignment was to prepare the mini-grid component of the proposed World Bank-assisted Rwanda Renewable Energy Fund Project. The mini-grid component is to support private sector renewable energy mini-grids to demonstrate that commercially viable mini-grids are able to sustainably deliver affordable electricity services to households and enterprises in rural areas. - [Private participation in decentralised electricity provision](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/private-participation-in-decentralised-electricity-provision/) - ECA worked with the International Finance Corporation to determine the key drivers of and barriers in developing countries to the expansion of “Alternative Private Supply” of electricity which do not require coordination through centralised grids and to assess whether electricity had the potential to expand as quickly as mobile telephony. - [Afghanistan PPP framework](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/afghanistan-ppp-framework/) - ECA led a team advising the Ministry of Finance on the drafting and implementation of a new PPP law and regulation and the development of a PPP project pipeline. Maximising transparency and avoiding excessive reliance on unsolicited and directly negotiated proposals were assessed as being key to creating a credible and trusted framework. The project - [Ivory Coast PPP guidelines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/ivory-coast-ppp-guidelines/) - As part of a more comprehensive PPP toolkit development by Axelcium, ECA was asked to develop the Value for Money (VFM) and Socio-economic analysis guidelines and tools. The guidelines included practical step-by-step procedure on how to conduct a socio-economic analysis and a VFM analysis for PPP projects. - [Private sector participation in electricity transmission, Middle East](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/private-sector-participation-in-electricity-transmission-middle-east/) - ECA reviewed the existing transmission investment plans, assessed options for financing new investments, and identified options for private sector participation (PSP) in the electricity transmission network. - [Vietnam LNG Policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/vietnam-lng-policy-2/) - ECA advised on a natural gas pricing framework in which liquefied natural gas (LNG) is purchased at market-linked prices and can be recovered at some point in the electricity supply chain. This would enable the gas sector overall to potentially triple in size while moving from the previous differentiated gas prices to a more unified - [Pakistan gas sector restructuring](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/pakistan-gas-sector-restructuring/) - Pakistan is in the process of introducing LNG and providing greater incentives for increased domestic gas production. ECA led a team assessing the potential impacts on customers of the entry of higher-priced new gas supplies and how these can be best managed while still ensuring the creditworthiness of counterparties for new gas supply agreements. The - [Ukraine gas sector reform](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/ukraine-gas-sector-reform/) - The aim of this assignment was to support the Government of Ukraine and Naftogaz with assessing the unbundling options for the transmission and storage business lines, and to develop a feasible and reasonable implementation plan for the restructuring model. This evaluation entailed ensuring conformity with the EU’s 3rd energy package and other criteria, including the - [Egypt electricity reform](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/egypt-electricity-reform/) - Egypt wanted to learn from the experience of comparator countries in developing a transitional road map to a competitive electricity market. The objective of this consultancy was to provide the Government of Egypt with a rapid digest of the experience of a handful of relevant international comparator countries to inform Egyptian thinking on two policy - [Review of gas transmission tariffs in FYROM](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/review-of-gas-transmission-tariffs-in-fyrom/) - ECA has been appointed to appraise the gas transmission tariff methodology in FYR Macedonia, especially the determination and allocation of allowed revenues. The current situation in FYR Macedonia is that the gas transmission system is heavily underutilised meaning that the large capital costs required to construct the network are being recovered from a low volume - [Cyprus: tariff study and market rules support](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/cyprus-tariff-study-and-market-rules-support/) - ECA was appointed by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC) to assist with the development of new tariff designs consistent with a recently issued tariff methodology by the regulator. ECA is also providing advice on the new market rules for Cyprus (which is moving to a net pool market model) and bilateral contracting in a - [ECA new team member](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/11/02/eca-new-team-member/) - This month we are delighted to announce that Richard Holcroft is joining ECA as an Analyst. Richard recently graduated from Oxford University... READ MORE - [Support to the Utility Regulator on CMA referral of price control](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/11/support-to-the-utility-regulator-on-cma-referral-of-price-control/) - ECA has been appointed to assist the Utility Regulator with the referral made by one of three gas distributors in Northern Ireland, Firmus Energy, to the appeal body, the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA), regarding the price control... READ MORE - [Vietnam transmission pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/vietnam-transmission-pricing/) - ECA supported ERAV in its review of transmission pricing, including an assessment of current arrangements, recommendations on improvements drawing on international best practice and the calculation of new example transmission charges. - [Cost of service study, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2017/01/04/cost-of-service-study-indonesia/) - ECA was responsible for the estimation of long-run marginal costs for transmission and distribution, the review of the efficiency of the current tariffs, the development of a revised set of tariff structures and the assessment of improvements to tariff adjustment mechanisms. - [Lessons in Private Provision of Rural Infrastructure, Cambodia, Laos PDR and Vietnam (and Guatemala)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/lessons-in-private-provision-of-rural-infrastructure-cambodia-laos-pdr-and-vietnam-and-guatemala/) - ECA carried out a multi-country study to compare the environments for private provision of rural infrastructure (PPI) in each country and make recommendations for promoting PPI. - [Financial projections for UK gas interconnector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/financial-projections-for-uk-gas-interconnector/) - ECA was appointed by Ofgem to develop financial models and scenarios of future revenues and costs of gas interconnectors to Great Britain. The models were used to test further scenarios of future interconnector incomes based on differentials between European and GB gas prices as well as assessing when during the year those differentials might appear. - [Retail electricity tariffs, Nigeria](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/retail-electricity-tariffs-nigeria-2/) - We developed marginal-cost based tariff structures and recommended staged tariff increases, automatic adjustment mechanisms and lifeline tariffs. - [Electricity tariff study, Cyprus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/electricity-tariff-study-cyprus/) - ECA was appointed by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC) to design new tariff structures and levels for the 2014-2018 period covering the entire vertical chain of service provision (generation, transmission, system operation, distribution and supply). - [Financial projections for UK gas interconnector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/financial-projections-for-uk-gas-interconnector-2/) - ECA was appointed by Ofgem to develop financial models and scenarios of future revenues and costs of gas interconnectors to Great Britain. The models were used to test further scenarios of future interconnector incomes based on differentials between European and GB gas prices as well as assessing the within-year occurrences of these differentials. - [National renewable action plan, Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/national-renewable-action-plan-montenegro/) - ECA provided legal, regulatory and economic advice to MoE, focussing on support in development of the National Renewable Energy Action Plan for submission to the EU under the Energy Community Treaty. This included development of forecast trajectories and modelling of impacts. - [Power network analysis for wind power integration, Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/power-network-analysis-for-wind-power-integration-kosovo/) - Advice to KOSTT on wind power integration covered: network reinforcement planning and investment analysis, network security analysis, ancillary service provision and balancing, network operation with intermittent generation sources and forecasting techniques with wind. - [Development of model power purchase agreements, Serbia and Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/development-of-model-power-purchase-agreements-serbia-and-montenegro/) - This assignment involved review of existing draft PPAs, revision and updating of those PPAs to ensure they are bankable, together with related securitisation agreements. While the PPAs are specifically drafted for wind power projects, other renewable energy projects would also require a PPA which could be an amended and reduced version of the wind power - [Design of hybrid min-grid programme, Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/design-of-hybrid-min-grid-programme-kenya/) - ECA were engaged by KfW Development Bank to assist the Government of Kenya in promoting the development of hybrid mini-grids (PV-/Wind-Diesel). The objective of the assignment was the preparation of an implementation-ready project design for an off-grid rural electrification program (with an initial focus on three pilot mini-grids). The project design determined the technical, financial - [Market model, tariffs and institutional capacity support, Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/market-model-tariffs-and-institutional-capacity-support-kosovo-3/) - We assisted the Energy Regulatory Office (ERO) in developing the large quantity of secondary legislation, codes and regulations required to implement a new regulatory framework and competitive electricity market. - [Advisory services to Electricity Regulatory Agency of Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/advisory-services-to-electricity-regulatory-agency-of-vietnam-2/) - We provided advisory services to the Electricity Regulatory Agency of Vietnam (ERAV) on the implementation of power market reforms in accordance with the Government’s roadmap for the sector. - [Review of tariff plan and policy, Zimbabwe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/review-of-tariff-plan-and-policy-zimbabwe-2/) - ECA provided advice to Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority on the methodology for setting tariffs in the context of rapid inflation and the electricity market reform policy. - [Greece: methodology for allowed revenue of electricity transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/greece-methodology-for-allowed-revenue-of-electricity-transmission-2/) - The Regulatory Authority for Energy (RAE) appointed ECA to provide support regarding an interim methodology for setting the allowed revenues for electricity transmission, in preparation for the privatisation of the transmission system operator (TSO) in Greece. - [European electricity forward markets and hedging products](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/european-electricity-forward-markets-and-hedging-products/) - Our team of electricity market experts was selected to advise the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) on the regulation of forward electricity markets. In particular we investigated the different risk hedging tools in forward markets and what role ACER should play in the regulation in light of increasingly interconnected European electricity markets. - [Training on IPPs and PPAs, Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/training-on-ipps-and-ppas-papua-new-guinea/) - The Independent Public Business Corporation (IPBC) requested training from ECA on the commercial aspects of Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs), in particular how to calculate the levelised cost of Independent Power Producers (IPPs) for various generation technologies and compare it to the reference price as set in the PNG Third Party Access Code. - [Electricity Tariff Training, Rwanda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/electricity-tariff-training-rwanda/) - ECA equipped the staff of the Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Agency with the practical knowledge to conduct electricity costing and tariff setting. This involved a 2-week training course conducted in Kigali. - [Water Sector Investment Analysis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/water-sector-investment-analysis/) - ECA led a review of Zimbabwe’s water sector, including the preparation of a database of all existing, planned and potential water sector investment projects across all sectors. As part of this review, ECA conducted a training workshop for a cross-section of Government of Zimbabwe stakeholders on the economics of water project appraisal. - [Supportive Framework Conditions for Mini-grid Development, SADC region](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/supportive-framework-conditions-for-mini-grid-development-sadc-region/) - ECA, in partnership with Practical Action (Southern Africa) undertook a study on mini-grids in the SADC region. The focus was on assisting countries develop a supportive framework that will encourage investment in renewable or hybrid mini-grids. A final component of the assignment was the preparation and delivery of a training workshop for representatives of all - [Water and Sanitation Investment Facility, Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/water-and-sanitation-investment-facility-indonesia/) - ECA provided support in establishing a structure for the Indonesia’s new Water and Sanitation Financing Facility. The tasks included extensive discussions with stakeholders to develop an institutional structure to fit into the existing legal structure, develop the operational manual and procedures for key stakeholders who will participate of the Facility, and develop required capacity building - [Promoting Private Investment in the Power Sector, China](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/promoting-private-investment-in-the-power-sector-china/) - ECA advised the State Development and Planning Commission on measures to improve the flow of private domestic and international investment into the power sector. - [The Potential for Alternative Private Supply of Electricity in Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/the-potential-for-alternative-private-supply-of-electricity-in-africa/) - ECA worked with the IFC to determine the key drivers of and barriers to the expansion of the Alternative Private Supply (APS) of electricity in developing countries - [Development of a Framework for PPI in Tamil Nadu, India](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/development-of-a-framework-for-ppi-in-tamil-nadu-india/) - ECA led a team reviewing the existing framework for PPI and analysing its strengths and weaknesses, including comparisons with best practice in other Indian States and internationally. - [National Renewable Action Plan, Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/national-renewable-action-plan-montenegro-2/) - ECA provided legal, regulatory and economic advice to MoE, focussing on support in development of the National Renewable Energy Action Plan for submission to the EU under the Energy Community Treaty. This included development of forecast trajectories and modelling of impacts. - [Solar Home System Tariffs, Philippines](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/solar-home-system-tariffs-philippines/) - The project followed on from a previous assignment developing an institutional and regulatory framework for a large-scale SHS electrification programme within the Philippines. The programme will be delivered on a fee-for-service basis by rural electric cooperatives (ECs). The project involved the design of the regulated tariffs to apply to this service. - [Croatia: Development of a Renewable Energy Supply Law](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/croatia-development-of-a-renewable-energy-supply-law/) - The objective of this project was to provide technical assistance to the Ministry of Economy, Labour and Entrepreneurship (MoELE), Croatia, in the development of the necessary regulatory framework for RES which will transpose relevant EU Directives to the Croatian legislature and would streamline the framework and relevant processes. - [Kenya: RE Capacity Development](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/kenya-re-capacity-development-2/) - ECA led a year-long project to support the Government of Kenya to implement the feed-in tariff policy that was revised in December 2012 and incorporated many of the recommendations of our previous small-scale renewables framework study. - [Energy Service Companies in the West Balkans](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/energy-service-companies-in-the-west-balkans/) - Legal, regulatory and economic advice on the framework for the promotion of renewable energy projects. A gap analysis was provided on the regulatory and financial structures that might impede investments in ESCO projects. - [Power and mining linkages in Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/power-and-mining-linkages-in-africa/) - The study sought to investigate the barriers to mining and power being developed on an integrated national basis, thereby potentially unlocking both short-term and long-term savings in power costs while at the same time improving reliability. - [CCGT cost review, Turkey](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/ccgt-cost-review-turkey/) - ECA investigated the generic capital costs of Combined-Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) technology for electricity generation and reviewed trends in costs. - [Gas Sector Strategy, Serbia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/gas-sector-strategy-serbia/) - ECA helped the Government of Serbia by reviewing its gasification strategy and the available import options to diversify the supply of natural gas. - [Energy Sector Masterplan, Djibouti](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/energy-sector-masterplan-djibouti/) - ECA contributed to the development of an energy sector Masterplan, providing an assessment of the current and forecast demand for commercial and non-commercial energy, plus the least-cost means to meet this from renewable and non-renewable energy sources. - [Economic Analysis for Electricity Masterplan, Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/economic-analysis-for-electricity-masterplan-vietnam/) - ECA provided the economic and financial analysis for the sixth masterplan for Power Sector Development to ensure that it was developed according to least economic cost. - [WASH Coordination and Regulation, Zimbabwe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/wash-coordination-and-regulation-zimbabwe/) - Zimbabwe is entering a new phase of reforms of the water sector. ECA advised on key institutional aspects – the establishment of a water sector regulator and how coordination could be improved. - [Benefits of Electricity Interconnection and Trade, Black Sea Countries](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/benefits-of-electricity-interconnection-and-trade-black-sea-countries/) - ECA conducted a scoping study of the economic and other benefits of increased trade among the countries bordering the Black Sea and export to Western Europe. - [National Strategy for Water Resources Pricing and Financing, Zambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/national-strategy-for-water-resources-pricing-and-financing-zambia/) - ECA assisted the Water Resources Action Programme to develop a comprehensive national Water Resources Pricing and Financing Strategy which promotes efficiency of water use, equity in access to water and environmental protection. - [Consumer tariff design and short-term load forecasting, China](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/consumer-tariff-design-and-short-term-load-forecasting-china/) - ECA helped develop new consumer tariff structures and a tariff determination mechanism consistent with the separation of existing regional Power Supply Bureaus (PSBs) into new independent and commercially viable companies. - [Review of tariff plan and policy, Zimbabwe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/review-of-tariff-plan-and-policy-zimbabwe/) - ECA provided advice to Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority on the methodology for setting tariffs in the context of rapid inflation and the electricity market reform policy. - [Electricity tariff design, Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/electricity-tariff-design-vietnam/) - The study developed an improved mechanism to set bulk power and consumer tariffs in Vietnam and also developed an independent creditor model to evaluate the financial sustainability of the sector. - [Gas transmission charging, Northern Ireland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/gas-transmission-charging-northern-ireland/) - Northern Ireland introduced entry capacity charges for access to the gas transmission system. ECA was asked to provide specialised consultancy support to assist the regulator on modelling with the development of the rules for the introduction of new transmission charges into the NI Tariff Regime. - [Cyprus: electricity tariff design](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/cyprus-electricity-tariff-design/) - ECA was appointed by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC) to design new tariff structures and levels for the 2014-2018 period covering the entire vertical chain of service provision (generation, transmission, system operation, distribution and supply). - [Regulatory framework for electricity, Ethiopia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/regulatory-framework-for-electricity-ethiopia/) - ECA led this project to develop the regulatory framework for the power sector, covering both economic regulation and technical regulation. - [Regulating electricity distribution companies, Brazil](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/regulating-electricity-distribution-companies-brazil/) - ECA carried out a study of rate of return regulation practice in various countries, as part of a larger project on the review of distribution tariffs in Brazil’s electricity sector. - [Market model, tariffs and institutional capacity support, Kosovo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/market-model-tariffs-and-institutional-capacity-support-kosovo/) - ECA assisted the Energy Regulatory Office (ERO) in developing the large quantity of secondary legislation, codes and regulations required to implement a new regulatory framework and competitive electricity market. - [ECA advises Ministry of Energy in Romania on refinements to Green Certificate RE support scheme](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/11/03/eca-advises-ministry-of-energy-in-romania-on-refinements-to-green-certificate-re-support-scheme/) - ECA has undertaken economic modelling of the cap-and-trade quota system for providing financial support to renewable energy producers in Romania which has seen significant oversupply... READ MORE - [ECA viewpoint - Placing customers first means scrapping embedded benefits](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/09/20/eca-viewpoint-placing-customers-first-means-scrapping-embedded-benefits/) - Embedded generators and the suppliers who contract them are currently exempt from payment of GB transmission charges. As both charges and the volume of embedded generation has grown this has created distortions to efficient dispatch and within the capacity market, raising regulatory concerns. In this piece we argue these distortions are a result of charging - [Indonesia’s water sector: the importance of incentives](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/21/indonesias-water-sector-the-importance-of-incentives/) - Water sector reforms are intended to remove constraints and create conditions for rapid progress in achieving access and service delivery goals. However, without considering a country’s culture and political economy, reform interventions can sometimes create skewed incentives for key... READ VIEWPOINT - [Fundraising for WaterAid](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/12/15/fundraising-for-wateraid/) - Over £1,000 raised for WaterAid! Well done to the ECA team of runners who trained hard and headed out to the Gower in Wales to run in the... READ MORE - [Model for Electricity Technology Assessment (META)](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/06/05/model-for-electricity-technology-assessment-meta/) - Please click on this link to download: READ MORE - [Developing liquidity in Ireland's new electricity market](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/02/22/developing-liquidity-in-irelands-new-electricity-market/) - ECA is advising the regulators on how to promote liquidity in the I-SEM project and the possibility of developing a forward power exchange. The lack of liquidity in hedging instruments in the current market is a major problem, which may worsen once smaller parties need to also balance their positions in the prompt markets. - [Market power assessment of GB gas interconnectors](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/03/16/market-power-assessment-of-gb-gas-interconnectors/) - The regulators for The Netherlands, Belgium and GB have asked ECA to model their respective markets to assess whether the interconnectors, IUK and BBL, have potential market power and whether they are capable of exercising it by restricting gas volumes transferred between GB and Belgium or The Netherlands in order to move gas prices in - [ECA conducts another successful training course for Kenyan renewable energy sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/07/eca-conducts-another-successful-training-course-for-kenyan-renewable-energy-sector/) - ECA was recently contracted by the European Union Energy Initiative’s Partnership Dialogue Facility (EUEI PDF) to prepare and conduct a training course for representatives of the Government of Kenya’s renewable energy sector on financial modelling of renewable energy projects. Representatives came from the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, the Energy Regulatory Commission, Kenya Power, KENGEN, - [Kosovo regulatory and market advice](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/20/kosovo-regulatory-and-market-advice/) - ECA has been selected to continue supporting the USAID REPOWER program supporting the Government, Regulator and System Operator in Kosovo to implement the new laws aimed at market opening and competition and integration into the regional electricity market. First steps will include Kosovo participation in the proposed Albania Power Exchange. - [Worldwide water institutional diagnostic tool](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/14/worldwide-water-institutional-diagnostic-tool/) - ECA is developing a tool to be used by World Bank Group staff in identifying entry points, designing and implementing water sector reform projects, as well as capacity building and institutional strengthening projects. The tool will be designed based on review of World Bank projects to understand what works and what does not, it will be - [Regulatory framework for small private electricity distribution in Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/12/regulatory-framework-for-small-private-electricity-distribution-in-kenya/) - ECA has been contracted by GIZ to develop the regulatory framework for small private mini-grids and distribution companies in Kenya to interconnect with the main KPLC electricity network. The assignment will focus primarily on the contracting for bulk power supply and pricing for tariffs and the impact on investment valuation and returns. - [Ethiopia Geothermal Model Power Purchase Agreement](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/03/ethiopia-geothermal-model-power-purchase-agreement/) - ECA is supporting DFIDs East Africa Geothermal Initiative (EAGER) to support Ethiopia Electric Power (EEP) in developing contracts for purchasing power from geothermal projects. ECA will develop a best practice model PPA and will advise how to value projects offered to it and assess the balance of risks between the investor and EEP. - [Montenegro statutory RES progress report](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/09/29/montenegro-statutory-res-progress-report/) - As part of its obligations under the Energy Community Treaty, Montenegro must report on progress in its Renewable Energy Action Plan every 2 years. ECA is helping the Ministry to update its report with progress in achieving its RES targets. - [Support programme for private-sector mini-grids in Rwanda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/09/28/support-programme-for-private-sector-mini-grids-in-rwanda/) - The World Bank is preparing the proposed Rwanda Renewable Energy Fund (REF) Project that intends to provide $50 million towards investments in stand-alone solar and renewable energy mini-grids and technical assistance. ECA has been engaged by them to support the preparation of the mini-grid component of the REF. This work includes the design of a - [Renewable Energy Regulatory Capacity Development, Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/renewable-energy-regulatory-capacity-development-kenya/) - ECA led a year-long project to support the Government of Kenya to implement the feed-in tariff policy that was revised in December 2012 and incorporated many of the recommendations of our previous small-scale renewables framework study. ECA produced templates for feasibility studies of candidate projects and delivered a week-long training workshop on renewable energy project - [PPP Toolkit, India](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/ppp-toolkit-india/) - This project involved developing web-based toolkits to assist PPP practitioners with all aspects of the PPP development, structuring, transactions negotiation and implementation. The toolkits covered five infrastructure sectors: water and sanitation, solid waste management, urban transport, ports and highways. - [Retail electricity tariffs, Nigeria](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/retail-electricity-tariffs-nigeria/) - ECA developed marginal-cost based tariff structures and recommended staged tariff increases, automatic adjustment mechanisms and lifeline tariffs. - [Water tariff review and affordability study, Uganda](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/water-tariff-review-and-affordability-study-uganda/) - This assignment involved ECA advising on a new tariff policy and structure, undertaking a comprehensive willingness and affordability to pay survey, detailed cost-recovery and tariff modelling and the design of an effective subsidy policy. - [Specialist tariff adviser in relation to privatisation of water companies, Greece](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/specialist-tariff-adviser-in-relation-to-privatisation-of-water-companies-greece/) - A consortium led by ECA was appointed as Special Tariff Adviser (STA) to develop tariffs for the water and sewerage (W&S) companies of Athens and Thessaloniki, EYDAP and EYATH, in the context of their impending privatisations. - [Greece: electricity network pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/10/04/greece-electricity-network-pricing/) - ECA was appointed by the Regulatory Authority for Energy (RAE) to develop transmission connnection and use-of-system tariffs for electricity for implementation by the transmission and distribution network operators. - [Gas to power development in Albania](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/09/20/gas-to-power-development-in-albania/) - With spark spreads in Europe looking increasingly favourable, ECA will advise the Government of Albania on the development of gas infrastructure and gas to power potential. As part of this assignment, we will also review the economic and financial feasibility of the Ionian-Adriatic Pipeline. - [Myanmar LNG site options](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/09/16/myanmar-lng-site-options/) - ECA is supporting MJM Energy in a rapid assessment of alternative sites for a proposed LNG receiving terminal in Myanmar. The country faces severe shortfalls in domestic gas production relative to its rapidly growing demand driven by economic development and increasing electrification. ECA is also investigating the potential to redirect gas supplies currently exported to - [Energy Efficiency Obligation scheme for Montenegro](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/08/17/energy-efficiency-obligation-scheme-for-montenegro/) - ECA is extending its collaboration with the Ministry of Economy in Montenegro to assist with development and design of an Energy Efficiency Obligation (EEO) scheme for the country. The work will focus on helping build the supporting tools required to operate a successful EEO in compliance with the requirement of the European Energy Efficiency Directive. - [Mozambique taxation of household energy products](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/06/30/mozambique-taxation-of-household-energy-products/) - In Mozambique, DFID and other donors are working to build the private sector market for solar home systems and improved cookstoves. High prices in relation to income levels is one of the main constraints on the adoption of these technologies by households. One way of reducing the prices would be to negotiate the removal of - [Tanzania energy sector training needs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/06/30/tanzania-energy-sector-training-needs/) - In recent years, the power sector in Tanzania has been a constraint on overall national development. To assist the Government to address this, ECA is participating in a project led by OPM to carry out a comprehensive energy sector training needs assessment and design a capacity building programme. ECA is undertaking the analysis of the - [Energy pricing training in Myanmar](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/06/30/energy-pricing-training-in-myanmar/) - ECA has been appointed by the Asian Development Bank to provide training in pricing matters to senior energy ministry and utility officials in Myanmar. The training will be delivered through a number of workshops and will provide a basis for decisions on future pricing arrangements. - [Kenya renewable energy financial modelling training](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/06/30/kenya-renewable-energy-financial-modelling-training/) - ECA (in association with Carbon Africa of Kenya) has been engaged by EUEI-PDF and GIZ under their Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme (RECP) to provide training to a selected group of representatives from Kenyan public energy sector agencies on financial modelling of renewable energy projects. This training is a follow-on to training ECA and Carbon Africa - [Electricity tariff cost-of-service tariff study, Middle East](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/06/30/electricity-tariff-cost-of-service-tariff-study-middle-east/) - ECA has been awarded another electricity cost-of-service tariff study for a Middle Eastern country. The study has a particular focus on allowed revenues to ensure reasonable cost recovery. - [Kenyan energy sector delegation visits ECA](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/06/22/kenyan-energy-sector-delegation-visits-eca/) - On Friday 17 June, a delegation of 10 representatives of Kenya’s energy sector spent the day at ECA’s office to discuss various current and upcoming engagements that ECA has in the Kenyan energy sector. The delegation represented the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, the Energy Regulatory Commission, Kenya Power, the Kenya Electricity Transmission Company and - [Malawi Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/06/13/malawi-integrated-resource-plan-irp-study/) - ECA is helping with the preparation of a power development plan for Malawi taking account of both supply side investments and demand-side measures. Malawi’s power system is dominated by hydropower and it has the potential to trade electricity with neighbouring countries in the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP). - [Blueprint for power sector reforms](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/06/06/blueprint-for-power-sector-reforms/) - Support to the government of Nepal in the design of short-term power market arrangements to facilitate regional trade. Nepal has substantial potential undeveloped hydropower potential in excess of its own needs that could be developed for export. The Consultant’s task is to help design the market arrangements that allow Nepal to benefit from trading opportunities - [Middle-East, private sector participation in electricity transmission](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/05/31/middle-east-private-sector-participation-in-electricity-transmission/) - We are advising on the potential for private sector participation in the ownership and operation and/or development of 400 kV and 132 kV transmission networks. - [ECA presents Pakistan gas sector reform workshop](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/05/27/eca-presents-pakistan-gas-sector-reform-workshop/) - ECA successfully completed a roadmap implementation workshop in Islamabad on restructuring Pakistan’s gas sector. The workshop focused on the implementation steps required over the next years for gas sector reform. This concludes our assignment funded by the World Bank on proposing market and sector structure options to ensure the medium term to long term viability - [Policy support for achieving Serbia’s energy saving targets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/05/17/policy-support-for-achieving-serbias-energy-saving-targets/) - As part of our framework agreement under the EBRD’s Regional Energy Efficiency Programme (REEP) for the Western Balkans, ECA is supporting the Ministry of Mining and Energy in Serbia develop its policy mix for transposing the requirements of Article 7 of the EU’s Energy Efficiency Directive (Directive 2012/27/EU). As a member of the Energy - [Ukraine – unbundling options for gas transmission and storage](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/05/11/ukraine-unbundling-options-gas-transmission-storage/) - The World Bank published ECA’s report on the gas sector reform in Ukraine. The report presents analysis and recommendations related to the restructuring of the gas transmission and storage business lines of the National Joint-Stock Company Naftogaz. The aim is to assist Naftogaz in increasing competitiveness of its gas sector, to meet the requirements of - [ECA report published on Ukraine gas sector reform](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/05/09/eca-report-published-ukraine-gas-sector-reform/) - The World Bank published ECA’s latest report on the gas sector reform in Ukraine. The report presents analysis and recommendations related to the restructuring of the gas transmission and storage business lines of the National Joint-Stock Company Naftogaz. The aim is to assist Naftogaz in increasing competitiveness of its gas sector, to meet the requirements of - [How can institutional, regulatory and policy (IPR) incentives drive universal access to water supply and sanitation (WSS)?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/04/28/institutional-regulatory-policy-incentives-achieve-universal-access-water-supply-sanitation/) - ECA is conducting a global study aimed to answer that question through research and analysis of past experience and the development of a framework that will assist governments to develop IPR incentives to accelerate universal access to improved WSS services. - [Pre-feasibility studies for 30 hybrid mini-grids in Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/04/27/pre-feasibility-studies-30-hybrid-mini-grids-kenya/) - In support of Kenya’s ambitious electrification goals, we are working with the government to select and assess viability of 30 off-grid sites suitable for hybrid mini-grids. For this project, ECA is working in association with Trama Tecno Ambiental of Spain and Carbon Africa of Kenya. - [Kenya mini-grids regulatory framework](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/04/25/kenya-mini-grids-regulatory-framework/) - ECA has been contracted by Kenya’s Ministry of Energy & Petroleum to review and revise its regulatory framework for electricity mini-grids. This will incorporate analysis of potential mini-grid business models, costs, tariffs, subsidies and other financing, technical standards and procurement, as well as the development of appropriate permits, licenses and power purchase agreements. - [Improving the implementation of water investment projects in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/04/13/improving-implementation-water-investment-projects-indonesia/) - ECA is returning to Indonesia to assist the Government in developing a national urban water investment and service delivery improvement framework. The framework will be used to support the implementation of the Indonesia National Urban Water Supply Platform Project. This is a continuation of ECA’s previous work in Indonesia’s water sector. - [Is PPP the right choice?](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/04/06/is-ppp-the-right-choice/) - As part of a larger PPP Toolkit, ECA is developing a guideline to assess whether an infrastructure project should be implemented as a PPP project. This is for the Government of Ivory Coast. The guideline provides practical methods to assess the value for money of PPP projects. - [Review of the performance of Montserrat Utilities Ltd](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/03/31/review-of-the-performance-of-montserrat-utilities-ltd/) - ECA is to undertake a review of the performance of Montserrat Utilities Ltd (an electricity, water and sewerage company in the small Caribbean island) and offer recommendations on improvements covering tariffs, governance and potential private sector participation. - [Egypt Gas Flaring](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/03/03/egypt-gas-flaring/) - Gas flaring and venting in Egypt amounts to over 2 Bcm annually. ECA has been selected to support the Government of Egypt in designing a suitable regulatory framework for gas utilisation based on international best practice. - [Nepal issues and options for the power sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/02/29/nepal-issues-and-options-for-the-power-sector/) - ECA has been contracted by the World Bank to advise on a plan for helping Nepal attract investment in the power sector to meet domestic demand and for export to India. - [Scaling up access to electricity in the Democratic Republic of the Congo](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/02/24/scaling-up-access-to-electricity-in-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo/) - The government of the DRC is committed to increasing access to electricity from the current very low levels which prevail across this vast country. ECA, in partnership with the Congolese firm SADER, has been contracted to identify pilot projects for World Bank funding and outline an electricity access scale-up strategy, paying particular attention to the - [PNG electrification rollout plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/02/24/png-electrification-rollout-plan/) - ECA, in partnership with the Earth Institute of Columbia University, recently started a project to prepare a plan for improving access to electricity in PNG from 13% to 70% of all households by 2030. Earth Institute will lead on the geospatial plan and ECA will prepare the investment prospectus. - [ECA advises on future electricity tariffs in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/01/31/eca-advises-on-future-electricity-tariffs-in-indonesia/) - ECA has been appointed to determine new electricity tariffs for Indonesia’s state utility, PLN, under a World Bank-funded project. The tariffs will update previous estimates of the costs of service to different customers and project PLN’s financial requirements and resulting tariff needs for coming years. The project is of particular importance as PLN pursues its - [ECA supports Ho Chi Minh City Power Corporation’s investment programme](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/01/31/eca-supports-ho-chi-minh-city-power-corporations-investment-programme/) - We have been appointed to provide support and capacity-building in the economic and financial due diligence of a series of major investment projects to be carried out by EVN HCMC, the Power Corporation (distribution company) serving Ho Chi Minh City. The projects will be funded by a multi-year loan from the Asian Development Bank. This is - [Tunisia: bankable renewables power purchase agreements](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/01/30/tunisia-bankable-renewables-power-purchase-agreements/) - The EBRD has asked ECA to review recent laws and regulations in Tunisia, including a template PPA for smaller renewable generator projects and to draw up a model PPA for larger projects to ensure that the terms are commercially viable for investors. - [Grid expansion plan for Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/01/20/grid-expansion-plan-for-papua-new-guinea/) - ECA recently presented its draft review of options for expanding the electricity grids in PNG at a workshop attended by approximately 100 stakeholders. The IFC-supported review includes identifying and evaluating the main generation and transmission investment options, with a strong focus on Independent Power Producers (IPPs) and serving large new industrial/mining customers. READ MORE - [Naftogaz of Ukraine restructuring options](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/01/19/naftogaz-of-ukraine-restructuring-options/) - ECA is presenting options and proposals for unbundling the transmission and storage activities of Naftogaz of Ukraine to the Minister of Energy and a high level working group in late January. This is part of an assignment on the restructuring of Naftogaz. - [Geothermal energy – legal, regulatory and policy framework](https://www.eca-uk.com/2016/01/12/geothermal-energy-legal-regulatory-and-policy-framework/) - ECA is working with Carbon Counts and Norton Rose Fulbright in developing a legal, regulatory and policy framework for geothermal energy in Uganda. - [How to monitor forward electricity markets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/12/04/how-to-monitor-forward-electricity-markets/) - ACER has published ECA’s in depth report into electricity forward markets in Europe. ACER wished to improve its monitoring of forward markets in order to detect systemic inefficiencies hampering competition. This was brought into focus for them by the EU’s impending adoption of the Forward Capacity Allocation Guideline. ECA provided an in depth survey of - [DRC Virunga mini-grids demand assessment](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/12/01/drc-virunga-mini-grids-demand-assessment/) - ECA is assisting CDC in its pre-feasibility analysis of a potential investment in Virunga SPRL. Virunga is in the early stages of developing almost 100 MW of hydropower to supply power to communities in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. ECA is working alongside the investment team from CDC to develop a profile of the - [Tanzania JUMEME mini-grid transaction advice](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/11/30/tanzania-jumeme-mini-grid-transaction-advice/) - ECA is supporting transaction advisors to JUMEME, a rural energy company developing hybrid electricity mini-grids in rural Tanzania. Our advice focuses on reviewing their financial model, to be used in negotiations with potential investors in the mini-grids. - [Alternative power development plans for the Mekong region](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/11/17/alternative-power-development-plans-for-the-mekong-region/) - The Asian Development Bank has now published three reports on the process, methodologies and conclusions of ECA’s study, together with ICEM of Vietnam, to conduct a Strategic Environmental Assessment of alternative power development paths for the Greater Mekong Subregion. The reports can be downloaded from the following links: Integrating Strategic Environmental Assessment into Power Planning READ - [Training in electricity distribution planning](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/11/13/training-in-electricity-distribution-planning/) - Two distribution planning engineers from the Mazoon Electricity Company, one of Oman’s four unbundled electricity distribution companies, are visiting ECA’s London office in November for two weeks of training in the use of an electricity distribution forecasting model. - [Nigerian electricity distribution company financial modelling](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/11/05/development-of-a-tariff-regulatory-model-for-the-newly-privatised-electricity-distribution-companies/) - ECA is developing a financing model for Nigeria’s newly privatised electricity distribution companies. The model will be used by the Federal electricity regulator and potential investors to assess the risks and returns of investment in the 11 electricity distribution companies in Nigeria, supported by the regulator’s tariff allowances under the multi-year tariff order. - [Botswana renewable energy strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/10/31/botswana-renewable-energy-strategy/) - A role for utility-scale solar power in Botswana’s coal-dominated matrix? By conducting RE resource assessments, a review of the electricity sector and energy-system modelling; ECA and technical partners are supporting the Government of Botswana and the World Bank in answering this question and defining a strategy, roadmap and investment plan for renewables. - [Support on price regulation and market opening in Kosovo electricity industry](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/10/31/continued-support-to-the-regulator-and-tso-in-kosovo/) - ECA is developing comprehensive support in development of modelling and rules for the Regulator’s price control process. For the TSO, we are supporting the design and rules for market opening and for implementation of an ambitious project to merge the Kosovo electricity market with that of Albania. - [UK water company investor returns analysis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/10/31/uk-water-company-investor-returns-analysis/) - ECA is to analyse the premia paid by acquirers of water companies in England and Wales, plus the returns made by investors in England’s listed water companies since privatization. The analysis will support ongoing efforts by the Consumer Council for Water to ensure water consumers in England and Wales pay a fair price for their - [Focus on Energy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/10/15/focus-on-energy-2/) - ECA contributes to bi-annual publication ‘Focus on Energy’ of the energy and infrastructure practice group of ECA’s long standing partners Karanovic/Nilkolic. The publication provides a comprehensive overview of the energy sector trends in the West Balkans. ECA’s chapter ( Chapter 12) focuses on the opportunities for a regional gas market and integrated gas infrastructure development - [Focus on energy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/10/14/focus-on-energy/) - ECA contributes to bi-annual publication ‘Focus on Energy’ of the energy and infrastructure practice group of ECA’s long standing partners Karanovic/Nilkolic. READ MORE - [Training workshop on private sector involvement in the PNG electricity sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/10/13/training-workshop-on-private-sector-involvement-in-the-png-electricity-sector/) - Papua New Guinea Power Limited has contracted ECA to provide five weeks of training and capacity building on the subject of contracting IPPs and connecting them to the national grid. The training is a follow up to the work that ECA did preparing the Third Party Access Code and Grid Code regulations. - [Building the framework for PPPs in Afghanistan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/10/08/building-the-framework-for-ppps-in-afghanistan/) - ECA, leading a team including RIAA BG and SH Consultants, is supporting the Afghan government in finalising its regulations and policy for PPPs and the development of a pipeline of project opportunities as well as conducting pilot pre-feasibility studies. Afghanistan is in desperate need for investment in infrastructure and PPP offers a potentially major source - [ECA assists Pakistan in overcoming its gas supply crisis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/09/29/eca-assists-pakistan-in-overcoming-its-gas-supply-crisis/) - The World Bank has selected ECA and MJMEnergy to develop a gas sector reform roadmap for Pakistan to help address its critical lack of supplies to meet expanding demand. The focus is on the restructuring of gas transmission and distribution segments and the development of a complementary regulatory framework. Lasting 6 months, the assignment sees - [National energy efficiency action plan for Albania](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/08/31/national-energy-efficiency-action-plan-for-albania/) - The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) has contracted ECA, in combination with the Ministry of Energy and Industry, to prepare a new National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP) for Albania. The new NEEAP is intended to comply with the requirements of the Energy Efficiency Directive being adopted by Energy Community countries and help - [Sustainable and inclusive energy development in Indonesia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/08/31/sustainable-and-inclusive-energy-development-in-indonesia/) - ECA, as part of a team led by Castlerock Asia, is supporting the Indonesian government in defining policy actions to support the sustainable and inclusive development of the country’s energy sector. Successful completion of key actions will trigger access to Asian Development Bank loans to support the ongoing expansion of energy supplies. ECA’s team is - [Electricity tariffs and contracting in Cyprus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/08/28/electricity-tariffs-and-contracting-in-cyprus/) - ECA has been appointed by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC) to assist with the development of new tariff designs and of bilateral contract prices and terms consistent with recently issued regulatory decisions on the setting of tariffs and a net pool market model for Cyprus. - [Action plan for electricity grid expansion in Papua New Guinea](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/08/27/action-plan-for-electricity-grid-expansion-in-papua-new-guinea/) - The World Bank/IFC has contracted ECA to undertake a rapid review of Papua New Guinea's main electricity grids, including identifying and evaluating the main generation and transmission investment options. ECA will then consult with stakeholders and prepare an action plan for grid expansion. - [CMA and Ofwat follow ECA’s lead with a falling WACC for water companies](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/08/14/cma-and-ofwat-follow-ecas-lead-with-a-falling-wacc-for-water-companies-2/) - The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) published its interim report on Bristol’s appeal against Ofwat's final determination of the 2014/15 periodic review, allowing a WACC of 3.65%. This is within ECA’s range of 3.0% to 3.75%. So what drove ECA to spearhead a falling WACC? And what was calculated differently to Ofwat in its recommended - [Water and sewerage tariff study for SWSC in Swaziland](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/07/31/water-and-sewerage-tariff-study-for-swsc-in-swaziland/) - The Swaziland Water Services Company (SWSC), with support from the African Development Bank, has contracted ECA to undertake a study of its water tariffs. The goal of the study is to rationalise tariffs such that they optimise SWSC's returns on investment while also reflecting the willingness and ability of consumers to pay for services. The - [Nigeria, electricity distribution investment financing prospectus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/07/31/nigeria-electricity-distribution-investment-financing-prospectus/) - On behalf of two of Nigeria’s newly privatised electricity Discos, we are helping to identify and package sets of investments in network infrastructure that will be necessary to improve electricity supply and expand access to users. - [Investing in provincial power grids in Vietnam](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/07/31/investing-in-provincial-power-grids-in-vietnam/) - KfW, the German development bank, is planning a loan to finance the development of provincial city power grids in Vietnam. Inadequate investment in distribution networks is posing a major barrier to reliable electricity supply as demand continues to increase at rates exceeding 10% annually. We are providing financial and economic due diligence of the proposed projects - [Myanmar Electricity Regulations](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/07/31/myanmar-electricity-regulations/) - Myanmar passed a new Electricity Law in October 2014. This introduces a new system of licensing and regulation including a requirement to establish tariffs in line with industry needs. ECA, as part of a team led by DFDL of Thailand, is drafting regulations for the future calculation and approval of electricity tariffs in accordance with - [Auditing of electricity dispatching in Sri Lanka](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/07/31/auditing-of-electricity-dispatching-in-sri-lanka/) - During 2014, ECA worked with the Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka on an assessment of the efficiency of electricity generation operations. As part of this, the need for regular auditing of dispatching arrangements was identified. ECA is now assisting PUCSL in developing guidelines for these audits and supporting an initial audit. - [Reform of Sri Lanka’s electricity trading arrangements](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/07/31/reform-of-sri-lankas-electricity-trading-arrangements/) - Sri Lanka’s electricity market follows a single buyer with utility-owned generators and IPPs selling to the transmission licensee. Although PPAs were supposed to be put in place between utility generators and the transmission licensee as part of previous reforms, this has not yet happened. ECA is now assisting the Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka - [Energy Security in the West Balkans](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/07/23/energy-security-in-the-west-balkans/) - ECA has been selected by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) to assess the security of energy supplies in the Western Balkans. As part of the project we will advise FCO on a suitable strategy in overcoming the main barriers to electricity and gas supply security in the region. - [Montenegro FiT revision and modelling](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/30/montenegro-fit-revision-and-modelling/) - Under its long running and very successful framework contract with EBRD designed to eliminate roadblocks to renewables investment, ECA is advising the Ministry of Economy in Montenegro on revision of feed-in tariff levels for consultation in a revised decree. ECA is also working on scenarios of industrial electricity consumption and development of renewable energy use - [Ireland ISEM forward markets](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/30/ireland-isem-forward-markets/) - ECA has been selected to advise the regulatory authorities in Ireland on key issues about the form and details of financial transmission rights (FTRs) on interconnectors from GB to the new single electricity market (I-SEM) in Ireland. We are supporting consultation on these decisions as well as help with compliance with developing European rules. - [Egypt electricity and energy subsidy reforms](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/25/egypt-electricity-and-energy-subsidy-reforms/) - The Government of Egypt wishes to learn from the experience of comparator countries in developing a transitional road map to a competitive electricity market and has engaged the services of ECA to provide a concise overview and summary. ECA is also working with the Government to help establish a consistent approach to manage the process - [Assessing Lao PDR and Cambodia electricity inter-connection economic benefits](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/23/assessing-the-economic-benefits-of-lao-pdr-and-cambodia-electricity-inter-connection/) - ECA has been commissioned by the Asian Development Bank to assess the economic justification for a proposed inter-connector between the rapidly growing power sectors of Cambodia and Lao PDR. The inter-connector will allow Cambodia to benefit from access to low-cost Lao hydropower and Lao PDR to benefit from the reliability offered by Cambodia’s increasing baseload - [South East European gas to power strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/23/south-east-european-gas-to-power-strategy/) - ECA’s Interim Report on South East European gas to power strategy has been published on the Energy Community Secretariat’s website: READ MORE - [Energy efficient cities](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/16/energy-efficient-cities-2/) - READ MORE - [South East European gas to power strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/13/south-east-european-gas-to-power-strategy-2/) - ECA’s Interim Report on South East European gas to power strategy has been published on the Energy Community Secretariat’s website: READ MORE - [ECA Policies](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/05/eca-policies/) - ECA POLICIES ECA_Anti-bribery_policy - [Published reports](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/06/04/published-reports/) - [ECA appoints Managing Director](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/28/eca-appoints-managing-director/) - It gives us great pleasure to announce that Frederik Beelitz has been appointed as the new Managing Director of ECA. Our Directors are delighted to make this appointment and wish him every success in his new role and in the future development of ECA. - [Economic impact assessment for Lake Albert infrastructure services](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/21/economic-impact-assessment-for-lake-albert-infrastructure-services/) - ECA has signed a contract with the Lake Albert Infrastructure Services Limited to prepare an economic and social impact assessment of the proposed 52 MW dual or triple fuel gas power plant, powered primarily by associated gas by-products of the Uganda petroleum industry. The impetus for developing the power plant is to obviate the emissions - [Cubango-Okavango river basin study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/21/cubango-okavango-river-basin-study/) - We have been commissioned by the World Bank to undertake a major water resource study entitled “Cubango-Okavango Multi-Sector Investment Opportunity Analysis (MSIOA)”. Building on past studies for the basin organisation OKACOM, the MSIOA study seeks to determine a development pathway which will meet national development and poverty reduction objectives, without compromising the ecosystem services of the - [Southern Africa: supportive framework conditions for Mini-Grids](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/southern-africa-supportive-framework-conditions-for-mini-grids/) - READ MORE - [Kenya: renewable energy regulatory capacity development](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/kenya-renewable-energy-regulatory-capacity-development/) - READ MORE - [Kenya: Design of hybrid mini-grid programme](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/kenya-design-of-hybrid-mini-grid-programme/) - READ MORE - [The potential for Alternative Private Supply (APS) of power in developing countries](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/the-potential-for-alternative-private-supply-aps-of-power-in-developing-countries/) - READ MORE - [SADC: Minigrids employing renewable and hybrid generation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/sadc-minigrids-employing-renewable-and-hybrid-generation/) - READ MORE - [DFID rebound effect](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/dfid-rebound-effect/) - READ MORE - [Correlation and causation between energy development and economic growth](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/correlation-and-causation-between-energy-development-and-economic-growth/) - READ MORE - [Regional power sector integration: lessons from global case studies and a literature review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/regional-power-sector-integration-lessons-from-global-case-studies-and-a-literature-review/) - READ MORE Also available for download are each of the 12 case studies of international experience with regional energy integration and the review of literature on the subject. The link for these reports is https://www.esmap.org/node/353 - [Winds of change: East Asia’s sustainable energy future](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/winds-of-change-east-asias-sustainable-energy-future/) - READ MORE - [Wholesale electricity market for Ukraine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/wholesale-electricity-market-for-ukraine/) - READ MORE - [Liquefied Natural Gas in China: options for markets, institutions and finance](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/liquefied-natural-gas-in-china-options-for-markets-institutions-and-finance/) - World Bank discussion paper 414. This report presents a summary of key issues and options relating to the development of an LNG project in China. READ MORE - [Harnessing African natural gas](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/harnessing-african-natural-gas/) - READ MORE - [The power of the mine](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/the-power-of-the-mine/) - READ MORE - [SECTOR REFORM](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/sector-reform/) - [Addressing the challenges facing the energy sector in Belarus](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/addressing-the-challenges-facing-the-energy-sector-belarus/) - READ MORE - [Review of Ghanaian power sector reform](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/review-of-ghanaian-power-sector-reform/) - ECA ran a series of workshops as part of its review of the regulatory regime and proposed regulatory structure for the Government of Ghana. This presentation summarised the findings and recommendations in our Final Report: READ MORE - [PRIVATE PARTICIPATION IN INFRASTRUCTURE](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/private-participation-in-infrastructure/) - [Seizing the global opportunity: investment climate assessment & reform strategy for Cambodia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/seizing-the-global-opportunity-investment-climate-assessment-reform-strategy-for-cambodia/) - READ MORE - [The private sector & power generation in China](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/the-private-sector-power-generation-in-china/) - READ MORE - [ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/energy-and-the-environment/) - [Power grids & clean development mechanism (CDM) methodologies](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/power-grids-clean-development-mechanism-cdm-methodologies/) - READ MORE - [Carbon credit development for flared gas to power](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/carbon-credit-development-for-flared-gas-to-power/) - READ MORE - [Liquefied natural gas - carbon credit](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/liquefied-natural-gas-carbon-credit/) - Presentation at a workshop of a study on carbon credits from gas flaring reductions in Angola: READ MORE - [RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/rural-infrastructure/) - [Private provision of rural energy in South East Asia & Guatemala](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/05/05/private-provision-of-rural-energy-in-south-east-asia-guatemala/) - A workshop presentation on emerging lessons in the private provision of rural energy, water and telecoms services: READ MORE - [Support to the newly established electricity, gas and heat regulator in the Kyrgyz Republic](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/04/30/support-to-the-newly-established-electricity-gas-and-heat-regulator-in-the-kyrgyz-republic/) - ECA is providing a team to support the regulator in its organisation and staffing structure and through the development of regulations and procedures for energy sector licensees and users. - ['Fair Profits’ strategy in UK water sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/04/21/fair-profits-strategy-in-uk-water-sector/) - ECA is working with the UK’s Consumer Council for Water (CCWater) to develop an understanding of ‘fair profits’ in the UK water sector, as well as a strategy of how CCWater should engage with Ofwat, water companies and the sector’s other stakeholders. The strategy is based around an understanding and function of the Weighted Average - [Green mini-grids in Kenya](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/03/24/green-mini-grids-in-kenya/) - ECA is working with AFD and DFID in the inception phase of their GMG Kenya programme. DFID will provide £30 million via AFD for a 5-year programme to support mini-grids integrating renewable energy. ECA is responsible for the design of a capital support and transaction advisory facility to catalyse private sector investment in mini-grids. - [Economic analysis of Morocco’s urban water investments](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/02/28/economic-analysis-of-moroccos-urban-water-investments/) - ECA, together with Trémolet Consulting Ltd, has been appointed by the World Bank to conduct an economic analysis, using the Integrated Urban Water Management methods, of investment options for urban water investments in Morocco. This analysis will form the basis for the Government of Morocco to determine the most appropriate investment mix and related actions - [Ghana grids regulatory framework](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/02/27/ghana-grids-regulatory-framework/) - ECA is working with the World Bank to assist the Government of Ghana to consider the various approaches to business model development and the associated policy and technical and price regulation necessary for the deployment of mini/micro grid electrification systems in Ghana’s lakeside and island communities. - [Israel gas regulation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/02/11/israel-gas-regulation/) - The Israeli gas regulator has engaged ECA to provide advice on urgent regulatory issues confronting the gas industry, as it aims to balance policy aims: the needs of continuing to incentivise major investment in its very large offshore gas discoveries; providing competitively priced gas to the country’s industry and population; and implementing an export policy - [Ukraine gas reform advisory](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/01/31/ukraine-gas-restructuring-2/) - ECA has been engaged to advise the Government of Ukraine, the national gas company Naftogaz and the IFIs on the restructuring of the gas company and the reform of the gas sector. In the face of severe economic and political pressures, the aim is to set a path to restore financial viability and move towards - [Vietnam power grid efficiency](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/01/31/vietnam-power-grid-efficiency/) - Vietnam’s distribution network is facing the challenges of meeting demand growth in excess of 10% annually, rehabilitating existing rural grids and moving to a sustainable energy future. To support this, KfW is preparing a loan to the Power Corporations (distributors) serving Vietnam’s northern, central and southern regions. ECA, as part of a team led by - [Support to PetroChina International in requirements for importing LECs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2015/01/30/support-petrochina-international-requirements-importing-levy-exemption-certificates/) - PetroChina International has engaged ECA to provide information on how the rules for trading Levy Exemption Certificates (LECs) awarded to generation from outside the UK may change with current market developments. The analysis produced will inform PetroChina International of likely compliance requirements for evidencing UK consumption of such LECs to Ofgem who administers the CCL - [Efficient forward electricity markets in Europe](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/12/31/efficient-forward-electricity-markets-europe/) - Forward electricity protects against short-term price uncertainties, improving stability. The Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) must facilitate contestable energy markets and need to understand cross-border forward products and the platforms on which they are traded. ECA is analysing: risk hedging tools used, whether they provide liquidity and are efficient, how the Agency - [Identifying the causes of high electricity costs for Cambodia’s industry](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/12/30/identifying-causes-high-electricity-costs-cambodias-industry/) - For the Ministry of Commerce and Cambodian Chamber of Commerce, ECA will assess the reasons for Cambodia’s high electricity costs relative to the wider SE Asian region and recommend on ways to reduce these. Cambodia is highly dependent on its garment industry for which electricity is one of the major cost components. Reducing these costs is - [Peru electricity Masterplan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/12/28/peru-electricity-masterplan/) - We have been selected by the Government of Peru to develop a suitable planning process in implementing the long term electricity and gas strategies. As part of a consortium, ECA’s role is to assess the merits of different public planning processes focusing on institutional structures, cross sectional decision making and centralised and state level responsibilities. - [Assessing LNG market potential in Turkey](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/12/27/assessing-lng-market-potential-turkey/) - For a private client, ECA will review the potential size of the market for LNG in Turkey. This requires an assessment of the future demand and supply balance, recognising the uncertainties created by Russia’s recent decisions to redirect gas exports through Turkey, the likely price levels and the competitiveness of LNG compared to pipeline imports from - [Papua New Guinea - review of electricity PPAs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/30/assisting-ipbc-papua-new-guinea-review-electricity-ppas/) - ECA is to provide the Independent Public Business Corporation (IPBC) with a high-level review of draft Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) with Independent Power Producers (IPPs). This will include analysis of the PPA terms; a review of charges; comparative costs for relevant power generation technologies and a summary of our analysis. - [Energy efficiency obligation schemes](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/29/energy-efficiency-obligation-schemes/) - Under the auspices of the ‘Energy Efficiency Policy Dialogue’ in the Western Balkans being conducted by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), ECA has been tasked with the development of a framework for the implementation of utility energy efficiency programmes in Croatia and Montenegro. The purpose of the schemes is to require obligated - [Ukraine gas restructuring](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/26/ukraine-gas-restructuring/) - ECA has been tasked to lead a team assisting Ukraine’s national gas company Naftogaz with refining its restructuring concept and developing a feasible short- and medium-term implementation plan to restructure transmission, storage and distribution businesses. This is aimed at the establishment of a competitive gas market, to restore Naftogaz’ financial stability and for Ukraine to - [Natural Gas](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/17/gas/) - ECA combines economic and regulatory skills to carry out comprehensive and complex planning, financing and strategy studies along the value chain of gas. Our specialisation is on mid and downstream sectors including transmission systems, gas storage, LNG terminals, distribution systems and market design. We have extensive expertise in gas market regulation and our experts work - [Electricity](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/17/electricity/) - ECA has been advising regulators, governments, investors and international finance institutions since its start in 1997. We apply economic principles and industry knowledge with best international practice, complemented by a rigorous quantitative capability to advise on all key aspects of electricity markets. Our expertise includes the development of regulatory frameworks, setting of tariff levels and - [Renewables](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/17/renewables/) - ECA has a long standing and proven track record in renewable energy covering all economic, financial, commercial and regulatory aspects of scaling up renewable energy projects. We have strong expertise in the development of renewable energy support mechanisms needed to foster investment in renewable technologies with particular experience in feed-in tariff (FiT) methodologies. We also - [Water](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/17/water/) - ECA works extensively on water projects, assisting in institutional development and regulatory framework development for water and wastewater service provision to support a sustainable tariff structure. Our services in the water sector include setting water tariffs, developing investment plans, supporting in the set-up of regulators and providing capacity building and training courses to strengthen government - [Other Infrastructure](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/16/infrastructure/) - ECA’s experience has traditionally been strongest in the energy and water sectors but the firm is increasingly gaining experience in other infrastructure sectors including mining, transport and agriculture. In these sectors we have conducted cost benefit analyses of proposed infrastructure projects to assess the project’s value for money and provide advice on the most appropriate - [Mesoamerican energy investment summit 2014](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/05/mesoamerican-energy-investment-summit-2014/) - ECA is taking part in the Mesoamerican Energy Investment Summit 2014 in Guatemala City to present the final results of the World Bank funded study Introduction of LNG in Central America. Details can be found here on the Ministry of Energy & Mines of the Government of Guatemala website: READ MORE - [Cross Sectoral](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/11/02/cross-sectoral/) - ECA’s expertise in cross-cutting fields includes energy efficiency, public-private partnerships (PPP) and environmental economics. ECA has extensive experience in all economic, policy and regulatory issues of energy efficiency. We have been working closely with International Organisations and Governments to provide economic and regulatory assistance to remove the obstacles and create an enabling regulatory and institutional - [Assistant to the resident advisor for Vietnam power market development](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/10/30/assistant-resident-advisor-vietnam-power-market-development/) - ECA has been appointed to advise the Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam on the introduction of the country’s competitive wholesale electricity market, which will start in pilot form in late-2015. The electricity market builds on the existing competitive generation market, for which ECA was instrumental in assisting ERAV in the design. ECA tasks will include - [Market assessment of solar PV for net metering in Sri Lanka](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/10/15/market-assessment-solar-pv-net-metering-sri-lanka/) - ECA, in association with RMA of Sri Lanka, has been engaged by IFC to carry out a comprehensive market assessment of the net metering based rooftop solar PV market in Sri Lanka. The outcome of the study will provide a complete picture of the current market and the growth potential for various stakeholders, with the - [Regulating the costs of sanitation services in Zambia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/09/23/zambia-sanitation-regulation-tariffs/) - ECA, together with Trémolet Consulting, will work with NWASCO to develop a strategy for regulating sanitation services in Zambia. We will review the current arrangements for setting sanitation tariffs and other regulations related to sanitation; determine how effective the current arrangements are; plus design a plan for improving the arrangements to help strengthen NWASCO’s capacity. - [Agribusiness as a driver for electrification in Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/08/23/africa-power-agriculture/) - We are conducting a two-part study to assess the potential of agribusiness as an anchor load for rural electrification in Africa. Part one is a ‘landscape analysis’ to include the identification of energy-intensive production, processing, and storing activities along identified agricultural value chains, plus the feasibility of the identified activities to serve as anchor loads for rural electrification. - [Carbon lock-in toolkit for DFID](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/08/21/carbon-lock-toolkit-dfid/) - DFID has asked ECA to produce a study which looks at the risk of carbon lock-in to the International Climate Fund (ICF) priority countries and, to develop a simple framework that can be used by ICF policy leads and DFID country offices to assess this risk in relation to nationally significant investments undertaken. - [Ensuring least-cost power procurement in PNG](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/08/20/ensuring-least-cost-power-procurement-png/) - The Independent Public Business Corporation (IPBC) have asked ECA to present pricing models for access of various generation technologies as well as the connection to and use of transmission and distribution networks by third parties in the Papua New Guinea electricity industry. The pricing models are to be consistent with PNG’s Third Party Access Code - [Kosovo AS support to KOSTT](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/08/08/kosovo-support-kostt/) - The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) has invited ECA to draft a commercial procedure for procurement of ancillary services, including costs and revenues calculation for LFC reserves/energy and congestion management including all procedures required for implementation of the Inter TSO Agreement, signed between the Transmission System and Market Operators of Kosovo (KOSTT) and - [Ukraine economic assessment of pumped storage power](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/08/08/ukraine-economic-assessment-pumped-storage-power/) - We have been requested by the World Bank to assist in reviewing the proposal for the investment in the Kaniv pumped storage power station in Ukraine. Our experts will review the economic assessment reports for the project and provide advice on the viability of the project. This work is likely to involve advising on an improved methodology - [Georgia Nenskra hydroelectric project](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/07/31/georgia-nenskra-nenskra-hydroelectric-project/) - The Lenders' Market Advisor has invited ECA to provide a Market Due Diligence report for the Nenskra Hydropower Plant project to be implemented in Georgia. This will assess the Turkish regulatory framework of the energy (including hydro) and electricity market, plus assess the competitiveness/ability of the project to secure long-term PPA with Turkish importers and - [NIAUR gas transmission tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/07/30/niaur-gas-transmission-tariffs/) - The Northern Ireland Utility Regulator has invited us to assist the Gas Transmission team regarding new gas transmission tariffs. We are to support and assist the Utility Regulator to develop spreadsheet modelling to assist with the development of the rules for the introduction of new transmission charges into the Northern Ireland Tariff Regime. - [Cost reporting and licence modifications](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/07/04/cost-reporting-licence-modifications/) - The Northern Ireland Utility Regulator has sought further support from ECA to assist the Electricity team with implementation of the Competition Commission’s final determination on Northern Ireland Electricity Ltd’s price control conditions. The anticipated scope of the assignment is to provide expert advice/review regarding required licence modifications; provide support for drafting regulatory reporting templates; and - [WB-WSP study to encourage PSP in small town water supply and sanitation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/06/04/wb-wsp-study-support-public-institutions-encouraging-psp-small-town-water-supply-sanitation/) - The World Bank Group’s Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) is an international partnership which aims to provide increased access to improved water and sanitation services for poor people living in rural and urban areas across the world. The WSP has tasked ECA to help provide guidance to World Bank Group task teams and governments of - [Tanzania mini-grid advisory services facility](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/06/04/tanzania-mini-grid-advisory-services-facility/) - ECA, in association with the Bureau for Industrial Cooperation, is advising the IFC on the design of a Transaction Advisory Services Facility (TASF) for the private development of mini-grids. The assignment involves identifying the binding constraints to Tanzania’s private mini-grid development, the actions already undertaken by Tanzania’s government stakeholders and development partners, and the role - [Malawi LWB tariffs and willingness to pay](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/05/27/malawi-lwb-tariffs-wtp/) - The Lilongwe Water Board (LWB) wishes to review some aspects of its existing tariffs to assess their impact on the expansion of its water supply services through the Diamphwe Dam project. We have been engaged to review the existing tariff and to carry out a willingness/ability to pay survey, plus make recommendations on a future tariff - [Ofgem CCL consumption in UK](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/05/27/ofgem-ccl-consumption-uk/) - ECA are advising Ofgem on potential changes to their guidance relating to renewables generators located outside UK who seek accreditation for Levy Exemption Certificates (LECs). These generators must demonstrate to Ofgem that the energy they generate can feasibly have been sold to UK consumers. We are analysing the various contractual evidences available in a sample - [EBRD EE CO5 Albania EPBD scoping](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/05/27/ebrd-ee-co5-albania-epbd-scoping/) - Since July 2013, ECA has been managing the 'Energy Efficiency Policy Dialogue' in the Western Balkans on behalf of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The purpose of the 'dialogue' is to support legislators and investors to eliminate market barriers to energy efficiency, and accelerate the take-up of energy services. In this context, ECA - [Pakistan - electrification strategy for schools](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/05/27/pakistan-electrification-strategy-schools-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-punjab/) - ECA is working on a DFID funded project to develop a strategy for providing cost-effective electrical supply systems for schools in Pakistan. The work involves the design of both grid connection and off-grid renewable energy systems. This work includes advice on procurement strategies and the preparation of guidance notes for system operation and maintenance. - [Jemena gas networks Australia](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/05/27/jemena-gas-networks-australia/) - Jemena Gas Networks is preparing its five yearly price submission to the Australian Energy Regulator. ECA is providing assistance, in particular in reviewing Jemena's suite of regulatory models. - [Development of DFID support to Tanzania’s gas and power sectors](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/04/15/development-dfid-support-tanzanias-gas-power-sectors-big-results-now-brn/) - ECA's objective is to aid development of DFID support to Big Results Now (BRN) implementation in the gas and power sector in Tanzania. The aim is to develop an initial proposal for an Energy and Gas Sector financial aid programme and scope technical assistance required by the Ministry of Energy and Minerals (MEM). The objective - [Implementing the Indonesian Gas Master Plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/04/10/implementing-the-indonesian-gas-master-plan/) - ECA, together with Petroleum Development Consultants, is providing support to the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs (Bappenas) and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources on the preparation of Presidential and Ministerial decrees implementing the recommendations developed during a preceding assignment. The new decrees will establish a benchmark pricing system for gas sales to the - [Developing Rwandan secondary cities as Model Green Cities](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/04/10/developing-rwandan-secondary-cities-as-model-green-cities-with-green-economic-opportunities/) - ECA is part of a consortium, led by IMC Worldwide, which has been contracted by Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) to analyse the potential for green growth of Kigali and 6 secondary cities in Rwanda. The project requires developing a 'Green City' framework and guidelines appropriate for the Rwandan secondary city context, developing a National - [Mexico gas flaring](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/04/08/mexico-gas-flaring/) - The objective of the Mexico Gas Flaring study is for ECA to assist Comision Nacional de Hidrocarburos (CNH) in developing a suitable regulatory framework and oversight mechanisms to minimise gas flaring and venting in Mexico. ECA will review international best practices of gas flaring and venting regulations, apply international lessons learned to the Mexican context - [Kenya: design of a hybrid mini-grid programme](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/04/03/kenya-design-of-a-hybrid-mini-grid-programme/) - ECA, in association with engineering firm Trama Tecno Ambiental, has been engaged by KfW Development Bank to assist the Government of Kenya in promoting the development of hybrid mini-grids (PV-/Wind-Diesel). The objective of the assignment is the preparation of an implementation-ready project design for an off-grid rural electrification program (with an initial focus on three - [Ofgem: gas interconnector financial prospects](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/03/13/ofgem-gas-interconnector-financial-prospects/) - ECA has been appointed by Ofgem to develop financial models and scenarios of future revenues and costs of gas interconnectors to Great Britain. The models will be used to test further scenarios of future interconnector incomes based on differentials between European and GB gas prices as well as assessing when during the year those differentials - [Ghana - development of a Gas Masterplan](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/02/27/ghana-development-of-a-gas-masterplan/) - ECA has been appointed by the Government of Ghana to develop a national medium to long term gas strategy. This includes recommendations on an optimised gas infrastructure plan, prioritised gas allocation across exports and domestic utilisation options, plus suitable pricing, regulatory and institutional framework for implementation of the gas strategy. As part of the work, - [Zimbabwe water institutional review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/01/28/zimbabwe-water-institutional-review/) - The World Bank has asked ECA to review the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Sector Coordination Mechanism in Zimbabwe. The study aims to inform the government about coordination mechanisms that are effective in other countries and to make recommendations on the institutional coordination framework most appropriate for Zimbabwe's water sector at this point in the country's - [DFID energy and growth](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/01/28/dfid-energy-and-growth/) - This is a rapid desk-based study for DFID to review the evidence base around how the electricity sector stimulates growth and/or whether electricity supply and consumption simply responds to economic growth. ECA undertook a preliminary assessment of evidence relevant to less industrialised countries to inform future potential DFID research areas and donor interventions. The work - [Vietnam ADB transmission pricing](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/01/04/vietnam-adb-transmission-pricing/) - ECA is providing support to the Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam over a 15-month period to review and revise electricity transmission charges. The review is expected to improve the cost-reflectivity of the charging structure, the formalise the process of setting charges and to build capacity within ERAV and the National Power Transmission Corporation for calculating - [Vietnam KfW distribution appraisal](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/01/03/vietnam-kfw-distribution-appraisal/) - ECA is conducting economic and financial due diligence for a proposed KfW loan to the Hanoi and HCMC Power Corporations, to fund vitally needed electricity distribution infrastructure. Vietnam's electricity demand is growing in excess of 10% annually and the country's utilities are struggling to finance the necessary investments. - [Jemena regulatory modelling](https://www.eca-uk.com/2014/01/02/jemena-regulatory-modelling/) - ECA has been contracted by Jemena Networks, one of Australia's largest gas and electricity network businesses, to help develop new models that enable the business to meet its reporting requirements to the Australian Energy Regulator. - [Consumer Council for Water cost of capital](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/12/28/consumer-council-for-water-cost-of-capital/) - ECA has been contracted to advise the Consumer Council for Water on the appropriate cost of capital for the water companies in the upcoming 5 year regulatory period of Ofwat's PR14 price review. ECA's analysis will focus on the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and the recent financial performance of the companies. The recommendations - [LNG in Central America](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/12/28/lng-in-central-america/) - The Central American countries are relatively small in terms of the economic scale for LNG and gas to power projects. ECA has been contracted by the World Bank to look into ways of reducing the cost of electricity through the supply of natural gas, and to consider what business and contractual models might help to - [Somalia - design of inception phase of project 'ESRES'](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/11/27/design-of-inception-phase-of-project-energy-security-and-resource-efficiency-in-somalia-esres/) - ECA has been engaged by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) to conduct energy sector research in Somaliland and design a hybrid mini-grid pilot for the provision of energy to health centres and potentially other energy consumers in their proximity. The study will assess the implications of the social, political and economic context for - [India quality of supply](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/11/27/india-quality-of-supply/) - ECA, together with ICF International, are supporting the Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation in reviewing the reasons for failures to effectively apply quality of service regulation to India's electricity industry and what lessons can be drawn from international experience. ECA's focus is on how the number and type of service quality indicators can be refined to - [EBRD EE - CO2 EPBD implementation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/11/27/ebrd-ee-co2-epbd-implementation/) - The aim of this assignment being undertaken for the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and a number of Western Balkan countries, is to assist the latter to develop a subset of the secondary legislation, regulations and guidelines necessary for the transposition of the EU's Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (Directive 2010/31/EU), in accordance - [Frederik Beelitz](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/11/16/employee-3/) - Frederik Beelitz What is your background? I joined ECA in 2009 straight after graduating from University and hold an MPhil in Economics from the University of Oxford and a BSc in Economics from the University of Warwick. What's it like working at ECA? The variety of sectors, areas, countries and tasks I am exposed to - [Sri Lanka ESI value chain](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/11/11/sri-lanka-esi-value-chain/) - Concerned at the high costs of electricity generation, the Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka has engaged ECA to review the electricity supply chain and identify whether and how costs can be reduced. The review is focusing on fuel procurement, operational planning, dispatch and the accounting treatment of common and joint costs. The results will - [CC water financial performance update](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/10/27/cc-water-financial-performance-update/) - ECA is providing an update to the Consumer Council for Water (CCWater) on the financial performance of water companies in the UK. Results are benchmarked against previous performance from the 2009 Price Review to determine the areas in which companies have performed strongly or otherwise. Following our initial review of performance during the current review - [Greece networks WACC](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/10/27/greece-networks-wacc/) - Greece's Regulatory Authority for Energy (RAE) contracted ECA to estimate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for the electricity transmission system and distribution network operators. The WACC estimate is needed primarily for the purposes of RAE setting an allowed rate of return and therefore regulated revenues for the two businesses in 2014. As well - [SEE gas consortium](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/10/27/see-gas-consortium/) - The World Bank has contracted ECA to assist in developing the gas-to-power consortium concept, to produce a road map for implementation (including capital investment requirements, funding arrangements and risk mitigation strategies); with the aim of attracting prospective investors to participate and establish a consortium to build gas-fired power stations in South East Europe (SEE), in - [Turkey Buyuk Efe CCGT market study](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/09/27/turkey-buyuk-efe-ccgt-market-study/) - ECA are conducting an extensive market study on the Turkey Electricity market, with the focus on Turkey electricity market dynamics, price, fuel supply and regulatory regime outlooks for the assessment of risks to lenders to a private investor in a generation project. - [UK clean energy SME financial modelling](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/09/09/september-2013-2/) - ECA has been contracted by DFID to develop a financial model for the Flexible Fund - supporting businesses to get renewable clean energy innovations to scale in developing countries. The financial model will assess the viability of the fund in terms of financial returns, the level of funding required to encourage different types of eligible - [Nick Haralambopoulos](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/08/17/nick-haralambopoulos-2/) - Nick Haralambopoulos What is your background? I am an economist with a Master’s degree from Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. I have lived and worked in Australia, Greece and the United Kingdom, and have also worked extensively in other countries, predominantly in South Eastern Europe (e.g. Bulgaria, Cyprus, Romania, Western Balkans), in the former Soviet - [Tatiana Tumenggung](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/08/16/employee-2/) - Tatiana Tumenggung What is your background? This is complicated… I am an Indonesian born Kiwi, and I have lived and worked in Jakarta, Auckland, Wellington, Melbourne and now London. I did my Bachelor degrees, in Art (Philosophy) and in Engineering (Mechanical) in Auckland University, New Zealand, and completed my Master's degree in Public Policy and Management - [Ghana IPP due diligence](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/08/09/august-2013/) - ECA has been engaged to supply a due diligence report for an investor in a proposed gas-fired IPP in Ghana. ECA will focus on the electricity tariffs necessary to make the off-taker financially creditworthy, the affordability of the resulting tariffs for residential consumers, and the likely availability and timing of natural gas to be supplied - [Ofgem regulatory finance](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/08/09/july-2013-4/) - Ofgem has appointed an ECA consultant to provide leadership to Ofgem's regulatory finance team during a critical phase of the RIIO-ED1 electricity distribution review, following the departure of the previous team leader. The work involves developing issues relating to finance aspects of the review, the assessment of company business plans, liaison with other UK regulators - [DFID rebound effect](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/07/09/july-2013-3/) - ECA is conducting a study to recommend a suitable approach of incorporating the rebound effect in the DFID appraisal of renewable energy and energy efficiency projects - focusing on the direct rebound effects, but also partly covering the indirect effect. The first part of the study will review estimates of rebound effects across countries, energy - [Kazakhstan feed-in-tariff](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/07/09/july-2013/) - The Kazakh Government developed a new renewable energy law in 2009 and a revision proccess is currently in its final stages to include a shift to a fixed Feed-In Tariff to incentivise renewable energy. The MoEP has requested the EBRD to provide assistance in ensuring that the proposed Feed-In Tariff strikes the right balance between - [Vietnam transmission assessment](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/07/09/july-2013-2/) - ECA is conducting economic and financial due diligence on a number of sub-transmission and distribution projects proposed by the Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City Power Corporations for funding under a new Asian Development Bank loan. - [Due Diligence](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/06/27/brochure-3/) - ECA's brochure with the focus on Due Diligence and Market Assessment ECA Due Diligence brochure ~ download here - [Water](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/06/27/brochure-2/) - ECA's brochure with a water sector focus ECA Water brochure ~ download here - [Our Full Range](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/06/27/brochure-1/) - ECA's brochure covering our Full Range of expertise ECA Full Range brochure ~ download here - [Tanzania energy subsidy policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/06/15/dummy-news-post-3/) - ECA will work closely with Tanzania's Ministry of Energy and Minerals to develop a comprehensive energy subsidy policy. The main objective of the study is to provide evidence-based recommendations regarding a sound and economically sustainable policy for the use of subsidies, including the use of domestic and foreign public financial resources, to support both increased - [Cyprus energy tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/06/05/dummy-news-post-2/) - ECA has been appointed by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC) to design new tariff structures and levels for the 2014-2018 period covering the entire vertical chain of service provision (generation, transmission, system operation, distribution and supply). The Cyprus energy sector is undergoing significant change (e.g. expected arrival of natural gas, full liberalisation of the - [Tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/23/investment-planning-and-risk-assessment/) - We advise both regulators and utilities in developing wholesale and retail tariff frameworks that balance social and economic requirements. Besides tariff design, we are also experienced in providing training in tariff principles and building capacity with regulatory bodies. This applies to both electricity and water, where there is invariably heightened concern about affordability. In the - [Sector strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/23/environmental-economics/) - ECA has extensive experience in assisting the public sector to formulate energy and water sector polices, based on sound economic principles. We also provide readily implementable sectoral strategies to give effect to the policies. ECA works with key stakeholders, aiming to forge a consensus around the policies and strategies, thereby providing assurance that they will - [Investment planning](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/23/sector-strategy-and-policy-development/) - We provide advice for investments in gas infrastructure, electricity generation, transmission and distribution and water and sanitation service delivery. As part of our investment appraisals, we analyse market conditions, assess major commercial and regulatory risks and provide detailed financial analyses. Our experienced and qualified consultants with the support of in-house developed quantitative models cover a wide - [Due diligence](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/23/tariff-analysis-and-design/) - ECA provides advice to private investors as well as international financial institutions on the major risks for investments in the water and energy sectors. As part of these studies, we assess the key commercial risks on the basis of projected demand dynamics, the major regulatory risks and financial risks of potential investments. Our clients include - [Renewable energy integration](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/22/infrastructure-provision-for-the-poor/) - ECA covers a range of expertise in the renewable energy (RE) sector including the design of suitable support mechanisms. We develop feed in tariff systems, advise on suitable regulatory frameworks for renewable energy integration, advise renewable energy developers on the major market risks and support Governments in setting up institutional and organisational frameworks for the - [Private sector participation](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/22/private-sector-participation/) - Our range of services covers all aspects of introducing private sector participation and competition into infrastructure, from the development of supporting institutional and legal frameworks through the design and implementation of regulatory agencies and regimes. We advise on corporate restructuring, the development of competitive markets and access rules, and conditions for implementing individual privately-funded projects. - [Andrew Tipping](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/16/employee-1/) - Andrew Tipping What is your background? I am a born and bred New Zealander, having done all my schooling and my first stint at university there. I originally studied real estate and commerce, majoring in finance, going on to spend three years working in investment banking in New Zealand. I moved to the UK in - [Eleni Adamopoulou](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/16/eleni-adamopoulou-2/) - Eleni Adamopoulou What is your background? I was born in Greece and I moved to UK to study Economics when I was 18. I obtained a Bachelor’s degree (First class) in Economics from the University of Southampton and an MSc in Health Economics from the London School of Economics. Before joining ECA, I did an - [Test Practice Post](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/14/test-practice-post/) - Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce rutrum condimentum malesuada. Vivamus facilisis pretium sollicitudin. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Aliquam ac turpis laoreet risus porta gravida. Morbi a ornare massa. Integer semper, velit et rutrum egestas, risus sapien euismod tellus, sed sollicitudin diam neque vitae - [Ray Tomkins](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/14/another-person/) - Ray is an economist with extensive experience of economic analysis and modelling, having had a particular focus on energy issues in the gas and electricity markets. Ray founded ECA in 1997, before which he was a Director of London Economics where he was responsible for managing the work of the international utilities team. Prior to - [Paul Lewington](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/13/paul-lewington/) - Paul Lewington currently specialises in regulatory economics. He provides economic, policy and financial advice to utilities, regulators and Governments world-wide. He has 20 years consultancy experience as an economist and, before joining Economic Consulting Associates, was formerly Technical Director of a London based economics consultancy for six years, heading a multi-disciplinary team of economists, financial - [Peter Robinson](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/12/peter-robinson/) - Peter is an economist who spent the first 25 years of his career based in Zimbabwe, working on development issues in East and Southern Africa. Since 2007, he has been ECA’s Director for the Africa region, building up the energy and water practice in Africa, as well as working in other parts of the world. - [William Derbyshire](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/11/william-derbyshire/) - William is ECA's Director for Asia, based in Bangkok. He has over 18 years of experience in energy and regulatory economics. Prior to joining ECA in 2003, William worked with London Economics and Frontier Economics in the United Kingdom. He holds degrees in economics from the London School of Economics and the School of Oriental - [Frederik Beelitz](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/09/frederik-beelitz/) - Frederik is Managing Director of ECA with experience in energy policy issues and energy infrastructure economics. He holds an MPhil in Economics from the University of Oxford and a BSc in Economics from the University of Warwick. Frederik advises governments, international finance institutions, development agencies and private investors on natural gas, electricity and sustainable energy - [Richard Bramley](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/08/richard-bramley/) - Richard is a Managing Consultant with over 10 years of experience in regulatory policy and analysis in the energy, water and transport sectors. His specific expertise includes regulations, tariff reviews, financing mechanisms, economic and financial analysis, renewables and private sector participation. Over the past decade Richard has worked out of both London and New Zealand, - [Nick Haralambopoulos](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/07/nick-haralambopoulos/) - Nick is an economist with a comprehensive understanding of the utility sectors and has 20 years of experience. He has extensive knowledge of various aspects of the utility and infrastructure sectors including the formulation of policy and strategy; regulation and pricing; the appraisal and development of markets and projects; and market and institutional restructuring. His - [Andrew Tipping](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/07/andrew-tipping/) - Andrew Tipping is a managing consultant with experience in business and market development, financial and economic analysis, transaction advice, corporate finance and governance. Andrew joined ECA in 2011 from a background in investment banking, consulting and business development, and has been involved in market analysis and design, project assessments and impact analyses, as well as - [Tatiana Tumenggung](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/06/tatiana-tumenggung/) - Tatiana is a senior consultant with over 10 years' of experience working in Asia-Pacific, Africa and Central Asia. She has Bachelor degrees in mechanical engineering and philosophy, plus a Master's degree in public policy and management, specialising in infrastructure policies and regulation. Her expertise includes institutional analysis, regulatory and policy development, economics and financial analysis, - [Grigorios Varympopiotis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/06/grigorios-varympopiotis/) - Grigorios Varympopiotis is a mechanical engineer with an energy engineering specialization. He holds a Master's degree in Energy, Trade and Finance and his PhD is related to strategic investments for power plants. In the past he has worked in several energy related projects, focusing mainly on the electricity sector. His experience also lies within the - [Federico Hinrichs](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/06/federico-hinrichs/) - Federico Hinrichs has 7 years' of experience in the field of renewable energy as an engineer, project developer and consultant. Before joining ECA in August 2013, he worked for a solar energy company based in Kenya and active internationally in Sub-Saharan Africa. His areas of expertise include market assessments, feasibility studies, design of renewable energy - [Miles Evans](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/04/miles-evans/) - Miles joined ECA as an economist in August 2014 after spending 3 years working in economic consulting in Auckland, New Zealand. In the past he has worked extensively in the New Zealand electricity industry, providing analytical support and advice on regulatory issues to a range of clients including electricity distributors, transmission companies, regulatory bodies and - [Scott Edmonds](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/04/scott-edmonds/) - Scott is an economist who joined ECA in 2014. He specialises in the economics behind energy and natural resources, particularly gas and electricity markets, mining and renewables. Scott's project experience has included: advising on gas pricing, market design, competition in gas pipelines, numerous econometric analyses, renewables obligations, electricity derivatives, regulating gas flaring and modelling energy - [Almar Barja joins ECA](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/03/almar-barja-joins-eca/) - We are pleased to welcome Almar Barja to ECA in his new role as Analyst. Almar has a degree in Geology and master’s in Sustainable Energy Science. His previous roles include Project Manager for Graduate Studies at Reykjavik University, plus Energy & Industry Analyst at the Institute for Economic Studies, University of Iceland. - [Gail Gibson-Smith](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/03/gail-gibson/) - Gail deals with administration and marketing. Gail has several years office management experience, plus a BA Hons degree in Design. - [ESCOs framework](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/01/escos-framework/) - The objective of this assignment is to support national legislators to improve the legal framework in the ECT Contracting Parties from Serbia & Montenegro and Bosnia & Herzegovina, enabling ESCO/EnPC projects in the public sector. This is broken down into the following sub-objectives: to identify remaining regulatory barriers to fully flexible use of EnPC mechanism - [Western Balkans energy efficiency](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/05/01/dummy-news-post-1/) - The EBRD has recently had funding approved under the EU Western Balkans Investment Framework (WBIF), for energy efficiency. This funding will be used to continue the EBRD's activities that support sustainable energy in the Western Balkans. The overall aim of the policy dialogue activities is to lay the foundations for, and support, energy efficiency investments - [Environmental economics](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/04/13/environmental-economics-2/) - ECA advises private and public sector clients on economic and regulatory issues associated with environmental policy and natural resource management. Our expertise ranges from designing gas flaring reduction regulations, CDM credit application support and institutional design for renewable energy facilities. We also conduct environmental and social cost- benefit analysis and attach monetary values to water, - [Capacity building](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/04/10/capacity-building/) - ECA provides consulting support that implements real change in local capacity through human capacity building. ECA uses its expertise in both short and long-term training exercises that ensure local counterparts are properly equipped to implement the recommendations we provide, and to then apply the newly acquired skills in conducting their own analysis and programme development. - [NIAUR power NI](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/04/08/niaur-power-ni/) - ECA is advising the Utility Regulator in Northern Ireland (NIAUR) on the required retail margin for the incumbent electricity supplier, Power NI. ECA is introducing new methodologies, building on its work on cost of capital issues for other regulators and on current thinking in other jurisdictions, notably in Australia. ECA will also be working more - [NIAUR price review GD14](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/04/08/niaur-price-review-gd14/) - ECA are acting as economic advisors to the Utility Regulator in Northern Ireland (NIAUR) during its gas distribution price review, GD14. ECA will taking the lead in developing key consultation papers and advising on a wide range of regulatory policy issues. - [Bulgaria electricity sector review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/03/08/bulgaria-electricity-sector-review/) - Following the major crisis in Bulgaria's power sector which was a prime factor in the collapse of the Government of Bulgaria in February 2013, ECA has been contracted by the World Bank at the request of the caretaker government, to review the power sector. The focus of ECA's work is to diagnose the problems in - [Sub-Saharan African gas studies](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/02/08/sub-saharan-african-gas-studies/) - We have been contracted by the World Bank to carry out two linked studies to review the scope and prospects for exploiting Africa's recently found and prospective significant gas resources to expand gas use and power generation. In the Upstream Gas Resources study we are reviewing the proven reserves and resources of gas in all - [BiH balancing market and ancillary services improvement](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/02/08/bosnia-and-herzegovina-balancing-market-and-ancillary-services-improvement/) - ECA has been asked to analyse the deficiencies in ancillary services and balancing provision in the Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) electricity system and to develop changes to grid code, market rules and charging arrangements that will be acceptable to the system operator and the distribution companies. We will conclude by development of ancillary service contracts - [Grigorios Varympopiotis](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/01/08/grigorios-varympopiotis-2/) - Grigorios Varympopiotis What is your background? I am a mechanical engineer with energy engineering specialisation and hold a Master's degree in Energy, Trade and Finance. My PhD is related to strategic investments for power plants. I come from Greece and joined ECA in 2013. I have since participated in due diligence studies, gas master plans, - [Fiji energy policy review](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/01/08/fiji-energy-policy-review/) - The Government of Fiji has asked ECA to undertake a review of the national energy policy and to recommend possible legislative changes to facilitate the future of the energy sector. This will entail improving reliability and access to energy supplies, to strengthen the regulatory framework in the energy sector and mainstreaming energy across sectors to - [Kazakhstan RES allocation agreement](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/01/08/kazakhstan-res-allocation-agreement/) - Following a successful earlier project assisting in development of renewable energy law and a new feed-in tariff regime for renewables, we have been asked by the EBRD to assist the Kazakh Government to review the proposed new renewables power purchase agreement and develop a regulation describing the activities of the proposed new cost allocation centre - [Africa power and mining](https://www.eca-uk.com/2013/01/08/africa-power-and-mining/) - The power needs of Africa's most dynamic economic growth sector, mining, already significantly exceed available electricity supplies from national utilities. Many mining companies are thus forced to resort to various forms of self-supply. This study seeks to investigate the barriers to mining and power being developed on an integrated national basis, thereby potentially unlocking both ## Pages - [HOME](https://www.eca-uk.com/) - Economic Consulting Associates (ECA UK) advise on economic, policy and regulatory issues in the electricity, gas, power and water sectors. - [Andrew Tipping](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/andrew-tipping/) - Andrew's area is energy and water markets, advising on policy and regulatory design, market analysis, financing and frameworks for mini-grid development. - [Grigorios Varympopiotis](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/grigorios-varympopiotis/) - Grigorios works in electricity tariffs and tariff design, power sector development planning, demand forecasting and power and transmission due diligence. - [ECA Team](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/) - ECA has a highly experienced team specialising in providing advise on economics, policy and regulatory issues in the utilities industries. - [ECA's carbon reduction plan](https://www.eca-uk.com/publications/published-reports/ecas-carbon-reduction-plan/) - ECA has been actively supporting the energy transition and sustainability since it was founded. Solutions to net zero targets and energy transition challenges are at the core of our four service areas of network regulation, climate strategy, markets & commercial and investment planning. In the last 20 years we have carried out about 250 relevant - [WORKING AT ECA](https://www.eca-uk.com/working-at-eca/) - We are a small but well-established company that expands to meet client demand by regularly recruiting additional members for our team, learn more here. - [Mehak Vohra](https://www.eca-uk.com/mehak-vohra/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [Tara McNally](https://www.eca-uk.com/tara-mcnally/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” - [William Derbyshire](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/william-derbyshire/) - William specialises in the Asia region, particularly in ASEAN, with a focus on policy advice and due diligence in electricity and gas markets. - [Guanfei Li](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/guanfei-li-2/) - Guanfei holds a MSc in Econometrics and Mathematical Economics from the London School of Economics (LSE) and a BSc in Actuarial Science from Nankai University in China. - [SAHAJLEEN KAUR](https://www.eca-uk.com/sahajleen-kaur/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [James Haynes](https://www.eca-uk.com/james-haynes/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.16″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [Economic Regulation](https://www.eca-uk.com/our-services/economic-regulation/) - We advise on the regulation of energy markets including market and sector restructuring, market monitoring, market rules and network access conditions. - [Investment Planning](https://www.eca-uk.com/our-services/investment-planning/) - We offer services in developing policy toolkits, comparing investments and identifying project financeability to support in the investment decision process. - [Yiran Ren](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/yiran-ren/) - An economist by training, Yiran holds a MPhil in Economics with distinction from the University of Cambridge and a BA(Hons) in Economics from Durham University. - [Nicholas Harris](https://www.eca-uk.com/nicholas-harris/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [Anti Bribery Policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/anti-bribery-policy/) - ECA is committed to the highest ethical standards and does not undertake or condone bribery in any form. See our full anti-bribery policy and procedures here. - [Published Reports](https://www.eca-uk.com/publications/published-reports/) - A selection of ECA's published reports that are available for you to read and download from our website. - [MICHAEL WAGNER](https://www.eca-uk.com/michael_wagner/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [SERVICES](https://www.eca-uk.com/our-services/) - We provide consulting in regulatory economics, market design, decarbonisation policy and investment planning for electricity, natural gas, water and wastewater. - [Climate Strategy](https://www.eca-uk.com/our-services/climate-strategy/) - Our Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency offerings include auction design, RE grid-integration, policy analysis and implementation and flexible market design. - [Neel Kulkarni](https://www.eca-uk.com/neel-kulkarni/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [Marina Charalambous](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/marina-charalambous/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.16″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [Alex Schmid](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/alex-schmid/) - Alex works in electricity, water and gas - water tariff impacts, electricity price controls, training workshops, social and environmental impact assessments. - [Seth Landau](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/seth-landau/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.16″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [CHRISTOPHER LEWIS](https://www.eca-uk.com/christopher-lewis/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.22.2″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [Alexis Pramagioulis](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/alexis-pramagioulis/) - Alexis works in energy consulting - his focus is electricity market restructuring, operation and regulation, energy planning and policy development. - [Thalia Goode](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/thalia-goode/) - Thalia focused on developing medium- and long-term price forecast models of the Australian energy market using PLEXOS modelling software. Her role also included providing analysis to inform investment decisions, liaising with the state government and developing the business strategy. - [ABOUT](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/) - ECA specialises in advising on economic, policy and regulatory issues in the utilities industries, with expertise in the electricity, gas and water sectors. - [ECA Terms and Conditions](https://www.eca-uk.com/eca-terms-and-conditions/) - This website is owned and operated by Economic Consulting Associates Ltd (ECA UK), a registered company in England. Reg No.3362992. Read full our Ts&Cs here. - [PUBLICATIONS](https://www.eca-uk.com/publications/) - A selection of ECA reports, insights and other publications are available. We invite you to browse through them and get in touch for further information. - [Decentralised Energy](https://www.eca-uk.com/sectors/decentralised-energy/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” custom_css_main_element=”margin-top:10px;||padding-top:0px;” transparent_background=”off” padding_mobile=”off” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” custom_width_px=”1080px” custom_width_percent=”80%” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||30px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”https://www.eca-uk.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Decentralised-Energy-Sector-Image.jpg” alt=”Advice on Water from Economic Consulting Associates” title_text=”Decentralised-Energy-Sector-Image” align_tablet=”center” align_phone=”” align_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”Water & - [Energy Access](https://www.eca-uk.com/sectors/energy-access/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” custom_css_main_element=”margin-top:10px;||padding-top:0px;” transparent_background=”off” padding_mobile=”off” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” custom_width_px=”1080px” custom_width_percent=”80%” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” admin_label=”row” _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||30px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”https://www.eca-uk.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Energy-Access-Home-Solar-System.jpg” alt=”Advice on Water from Economic Consulting Associates” title_text=”Advice on Water from Economic Consulting - [Water & Waster Water](https://www.eca-uk.com/sectors/water-and-wastewater/) - Our services include pricing, resource management and allocation, investment planning and institutional design, capacity building and training courses. - [Peter Robinson](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/peter-robinson/) - Peter specialises in energy and water in the Africa region - policy, sectoral reform, institutional analysis, regulation, tariff studies and service delivery. - [News](https://www.eca-uk.com/news/) - ECA's latest news bulletins featuring our projects, insights, workshops, publications and latest events. - [Markets and Commercial](https://www.eca-uk.com/our-services/markets-and-commercial/) - We provide advise to investors and market participants on energy markets, energy storage and economic analysis of energy and water projects. - [Natural Gas](https://www.eca-uk.com/sectors/natural-gas/) - Advising on network tariffs, masterplans, utilisation options, export policy, mid- and downstream development, allocation policy and wholesale pricing. - [Elena Adamopoulou](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/eleni-adamopoulou/) - Elena advises in solar energy and rural electrification, helping provide modern infrastructure services to low income communities in Sub Saharan Africa. - [Will Wright](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/will-wright/) - Will is an economist with experience as both a research economist and an economic and strategy consultant. Recent work has focused on decarbonising energy systems covering system planning, government strategy and corporate strategy. - [Iro Sala](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/iro-sala/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.16″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [Adrian Pilco](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/adrian-pilco/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”section” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ inner_width_tablet=”50px” inner_max_width_tablet=”100px” inner_max_width_phone=”50px” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row padding_mobile=”on” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ width_phone=”50px” max_width_phone=”1280px” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”||20px|” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” z_index_tablet=”0″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” _builder_version=”4.16″ header_text_color=”#425968″ header_font_size=”36px” background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”” - [ECA Insights and Presentations](https://www.eca-uk.com/publications/eca-insights-and-presentations/) - Read our regular Insights on latest developments drawing on over 20 years' experience of working with governments, utilities, regulators and private investors. - [ECA Insights Test](https://www.eca-uk.com/eca-insights-test/) - [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ specialty=”on” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” parallax_method_1=”off” disabled_on=”on|on|on” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_phone=”” transparent_background=”off” padding_mobile=”off” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”off” disabled=”on” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ specialty_columns=”2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_row_inner padding_mobile=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_margin=”0px|||” custom_padding=”0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_css_main_element=”border-bottom:2px solid #425968;” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text admin_label=”ECA Viewpoints – Title Tab” _builder_version=”4.16″ header_font=”Open Sans||||” header_font_size=”16px” header_letter_spacing=”1px” background_color=”#425968″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” vertical_offset_tablet=”0″ horizontal_offset_tablet=”0″ background_layout=”dark” max_width=”250px” custom_padding=”10px|10px||15px” - [Contact](https://www.eca-uk.com/contact/) - For any enquiries please contact us on +44 207 604 4546 or info@eca-uk.com. To visit ECA's offices you can find us at 41 Lonsdale Road, London, NW6 6RA, UK. - [Michele Zarri](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/michele-zarri/) - Michele is a Managing Consultant and a regulatory economist with 10 years’ experience in the UK energy and water sectors, workingfor regulators and major utilities. - [Ben Gregory](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/ben-gregory/) - [et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” transparent_background=”off” allow_player_pause=”off” inner_shadow=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on” padding_mobile=”off” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”off” custom_width_px=”1080px” custom_width_percent=”80%” make_equal=”off” use_custom_gutter=”off” fullwidth=”off” specialty=”off” disabled=”off” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” inner_width=”auto” inner_max_width=”1170px” prev_background_color=”#000000″ next_background_color=”#000000″][et_pb_row make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” use_custom_gutter=”off” padding_mobile=”on” allow_player_pause=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”off” make_equal=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” disabled=”off” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_size=”initial” width=”80%” max_width=”1170px”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ custom_padding__hover=”|||” custom_padding=”|||” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” header_font_size=”36px” header_font_size_phone=”26px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” - [Dangui Xu](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/dangui-xu/) - Dangui manages the finance and accounts. Part-qualified accountant, experience in accountancy practice and various finance sectors. - [Nicolas Jacob](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/nicolas-jacob/) - Nicolas specialises in power market due diligences and energy supply strategies in the EU, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and Asia. - [David Williams](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/david-williams/) - David leads our Decarbonisation Policy practice area, specialising in sustainable energy policy, energy efficiency, economics and regulation. - [Ester Vespasiani](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/ester-vespasiani/) - Ester works in mini-grids policy, regulatory work, off-grid electrification analysis, policy and institutional, plus regulatory incentives analysis. - [Martin Siner](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/martin-siner/) - Martin works extensively on economic regulation of the gas, electricity and water sectors for governments, regulators and regulated companies in the UK and EU. - [Paul Lewington](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/paul-lewington/) - Paul advises utilities and utility regulatory agencies on energy pricing and tariff design, regulatory frameworks and the creation of regulatory agencies. - [John Paparistodemou](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/john-paparistodemou/) - John specialises in electricity market analysis and modelling, economic regulation and pricing, system operations, investment and network planning. - [Nick Haralambopoulos](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/nick-haralambopoulos/) - Nick specialises in utility and infrastructure policy, strategy, regulation and pricing, advising on markets and institutional restructuring. - [Sarah Hellett](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/sarah-hellett/) - Sarah is ECA's office manager, contributing to the smooth running of the office and marketing of ECA’s services. - [Richard Bramley](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/richard-bramley/) - Richard is experienced in regulatory policy and analysis in the energy, water and transport sectors on a variety of projects in Europe, Asia-Pacific and Africa. - [Rob Barnett](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/rob-barnett/) - Rob is a highly specialised regulatory economist with a background in regulation and trading in the electricity, gas and environmental markets. - [Scott Edmonds](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/scott-edmonds/) - Scott focuses on regulatory economics focused on electricity and gas pricing and pipelines, market design, renewables and energy markets. - [Marta Chojnowska](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/marta-chojnowska/) - Marta has experience in energy regulation and financial modelling of energy. She is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA - lvl 2). - [ALEX HUGHES](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/alex-hughes/) - [et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” transparent_background=”off” allow_player_pause=”off” inner_shadow=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”on” padding_mobile=”off” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”off” custom_width_px=”1080px” custom_width_percent=”80%” make_equal=”off” use_custom_gutter=”off” fullwidth=”off” specialty=”off” disabled=”off” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” inner_width=”auto” inner_max_width=”1170px” prev_background_color=”#000000″ next_background_color=”#000000″][et_pb_row make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” use_custom_gutter=”off” padding_mobile=”on” allow_player_pause=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”off” make_equal=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” disabled=”off” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_size=”initial” width=”80%” max_width=”1170px”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ custom_padding__hover=”|||” custom_padding=”|||” parallax_method=”on”][et_pb_text admin_label=”About ECA / Team – Title” background_layout=”light” text_orientation=”left” header_font_size=”36px” - [SECTORS](https://www.eca-uk.com/sectors/) - We advise on economic, regulatory and commercial issues for infrastructure, focusing on electricity, natural gas, water and wastewater sectors. - [Electricity](https://www.eca-uk.com/sectors/electricity/) - Advising on regulatory frameworks, tariff design, market rules and modelling, decarbonisation of power systems, price simulations and risk analyses. - [Human Trafficking and Modern Slavery Policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/human-trafficking-and-modern-slavery-policy/) - ECA is committed to upholding fundamental human rights. ECA does not use or condone the use of slave labour, nor will we tolerate... Read Full Policy here. - [David Storey](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/david-storey/) - David specialises in energy and water - energy price controls, developing forecast models for long-term electricity demand, plus low cost-benefit analyses. - [REGIONS](https://www.eca-uk.com/eca-regions/) - We work in Europe, Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Our experience of utility sectors enables us to make recommendations based on best international practice. - [Middle East](https://www.eca-uk.com/eca-regions/middle-east/) - In North Africa and the Middle East we focus on electricity, natural gas and renewable energy sectors plus water and sanitation. - [Asia and Pacific](https://www.eca-uk.com/eca-regions/asia-and-pacific/) - With a focus on South and Southeast Asia, we expanded into the Pacific and Central Asia advising utilities, regulators and policymakers across energy and water. - [Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/eca-regions/africa/) - Africa is one of our key regions, we work with energy and water regulators and policymakers on policy and regulatory framework design and implementation. - [Europe](https://www.eca-uk.com/eca-regions/europe/) - London, Athens and Berlin offices - advising utility regulators, governments and energy markets across Europe on economics, financing and regulatory issues. - [Miles Evans](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/miles-evans/) - Miles advises in the energy sector building financial and economic models for strategic planning, quality of service, cost allocation and price setting. - [Federico Hinrichs](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/federico-hinrichs/) - Federico advises on policy, regulation, financing and implementation of electricity access programmes and small-scale renewable energy projects. - [Mo Uddin](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/mo-uddin/) - Mo specialises in energy and water sector analysis and investment particularly with a focus on PPPs and the economic analysis of infrastructure projects. - [Almar Barja](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/almar-barja/) - Almar advises in energy and electricity focusing on renewable energy, RE auctions and support mechanisms, tariff design, plus the use of emerging technologies. - [Renewables](https://www.eca-uk.com/sectors/renewables/) - [et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ admin_label=”section” transparent_background=”off” allow_player_pause=”off” inner_shadow=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”off” padding_mobile=”off” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”off” width_unit=”on” custom_width_px=”1080px” custom_width_percent=”80%” make_equal=”off” use_custom_gutter=”off” fullwidth=”off” specialty=”off” custom_css_main_element=”margin-top:10px;||padding-top:0px;” disabled=”off” custom_padding_tablet=”50px|0|50px|0″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” prev_background_color=”#000000″ next_background_color=”#000000″][et_pb_row admin_label=”row” make_fullwidth=”off” use_custom_width=”on” width_unit=”on” custom_width_px=”1170px” custom_width_percent=”80%” use_custom_gutter=”off” gutter_width=”3″ padding_mobile=”off” allow_player_pause=”off” parallax=”off” parallax_method=”off” make_equal=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” parallax_1=”off” parallax_method_1=”off” parallax_2=”off” parallax_method_2=”on” parallax_3=”off” parallax_method_3=”on” parallax_4=”off” parallax_method_4=”on” disabled=”off” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” background_size=”initial”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″][et_pb_image admin_label=”Renewables – Header Image” - [Ray Tomkins](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/ray-tomkins/) - Ray founded ECA and has extensive experience of economic analysis, policy and modelling, with particular focus on energy issues in gas and electricity. - [ECA Cookie Policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/eca-cookie-policy/) - www.eca-uk.com uses Cookies and similar technologies to distinguish you from other users. By using Cookies, can provide you with a better user experience. - [Gail Gibson-Smith](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/gail-gibson-smith/) - Gail deals with office administration, marketing and social media. - [Tatiana Tumenggung](https://www.eca-uk.com/about/eca-team/tatiana-tumenggung/) - Tatiana's expertise includes institutional analysis, regulatory and policy development, economics and financial analysis, plus PPPs in water and sanitation. ## Projects - [Greece RAE Allowed revenue methodology for electricity distribution](https://www.eca-uk.com/project/greece-rae-allowed-revenue-methodology-for-electricity-distribution/) - ECA has been appointed by the Greek energy regulator, RAE, to review and update the allowed revenue methodology for the Greek electricity distribution network to ensure that it is ‘fit for purpose’, that is, it operates as intended, it is internally consistent and provides an unambiguous framework and incentives for efficient investment and operation. ## Categories - [Uncategorised](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/uncategorised/) - [News](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/news/) - [People](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/people/) - [Employee](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/employee/) - [Service](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/service/) - [Publication](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/publication/) - [Published reports](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/published_reports/) - [Practice](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/practice/) - [Brochure](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/brochure/) - [Sector](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/sector/) - [Online Resources](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/online_resources/) - [Insight](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/insights/) - [Practice Areas](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/practice-areas/) - [Natural Gas](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/practice-areas/natural-gas/) - [Tariffs](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/tariffs/) - [Investment Planning](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/investment-planning/) - [Infrastructure Policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/infrastructure-policy/) - [Electricity](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/practice-areas/electricity/) - [PPP's](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/ppps/) - [Energy And Water Access](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/energy-and-water-access/) - [Recent Projects](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/recent-projects/) - [Europe](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/europe/) - [Africa](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/africa/) - [Middle East](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/middle-east/) - [Expert Witness](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/expert-witness/) - [Capacity Building](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/capacity-building/) - [Markets and Commercial Advice](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/marlkets-and-commercial-advice/) - [Economic Regulation](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/economic-regulation/) - [Decarbonisation Policy](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/decarbonisation-policy/) - [Water and Wastewater](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/practice-areas/water-and-wastewater/) - [Asia and Pacific](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/asia-and-pacific/) - [Energy Access](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/energy-access/) - [Presentation](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/presentation/) - [Deep Dive](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/deep-dive/) - [Decentralised Energy](https://www.eca-uk.com/category/decentralised-energy/)